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Perspectives on Medical Education Apr 2018Self-efficacy is a theoretically and empirically robust motivation belief that has been shown to play an important role in the learning and development of new skills... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Self-efficacy is a theoretically and empirically robust motivation belief that has been shown to play an important role in the learning and development of new skills and knowledge. In this article, we critically review research on the self-efficacy beliefs of medical students, with a goal to evaluate the existing research and to strengthen future work. In particular, we sought to describe the state of research on medical student self-efficacy and to critically examine the conceptualization and measurement of the construct. Finally, we aimed to provide directions for future self-efficacy research.
METHODS
We critically reviewed 74 published articles that included measures of self-efficacy beliefs of medical students.
RESULTS
Our review showed that (a) research on the self-efficacy beliefs of medical students is growing and is becoming increasingly international, and (b) that nearly half (46%) of self-efficacy measures showed conceptual and operational flaws.
DISCUSSION
Our critical review of 74 research studies on self-efficacy of medical students found that although research in the field is increasing, nearly half of measures labelled as self-efficacy were incongruent with the conceptual guidelines set by self-efficacy experts. We provide five suggestions for future research on the self-efficacy of medical students.
Topics: Culture; Educational Measurement; Humans; Motivation; Self Efficacy; Students, Medical
PubMed: 29484552
DOI: 10.1007/s40037-018-0411-3 -
Nursing Open Jan 2020To examine barriers to self-efficacy and strategies beyond traditional education that promote self-efficacy for patients living with chronic disease. The review... (Review)
Review
AIM
To examine barriers to self-efficacy and strategies beyond traditional education that promote self-efficacy for patients living with chronic disease. The review questions were as follows: (a) What are barriers to self-efficacy in patients experiencing chronic disease? and (b) What non-traditional strategies and programmes can be implemented by healthcare leaders to promote self-efficacy in patients with chronic disease?
DESIGN
Integrative review.
METHOD
Data sources searched were CINAHL, Google Scholar, Health Source, Academic Search Complete and PsycARTICLES published between January 2014-January 2018. Synthesis and thematic analyses were conducted on 24 articles.
RESULTS
Three themes were identified as barriers to self-efficacy: health literacy, access and support. Four prominent strategies were found to promote self-efficacy: self-management programmes, telehealth, mobile applications, gaming and social media. The findings indicate self-efficacy for patients with chronic conditions can improve with new interventions. Enhancing traditional education and boosting self-efficacy could increase treatment adherence and decrease cost.
Topics: Chronic Disease; Humans; Mobile Applications; Self Efficacy; Self-Management; Telemedicine
PubMed: 31871689
DOI: 10.1002/nop2.382 -
Nurse Education in Practice Mar 2021Self-efficacy is a well-researched concept and a key component of Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory. Teacher self-efficacy is widely researched within education; it... (Review)
Review
Self-efficacy is a well-researched concept and a key component of Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory. Teacher self-efficacy is widely researched within education; it affects student achievement and motivation as well as teacher performance and commitment. Minimal information exists on teacher self-efficacy within clinical settings of practice professions which likely affects patient outcomes. This paper provides background on self-efficacy and teacher self-efficacy; it then addresses clinical teacher self-efficacy using the Walker and Avant (2005) method for concept analysis. Assumptions, definitions, characteristics, antecedents and consequences of the concept of clinical teacher self-efficacy are discussed and represented visually, and exemplified as cases within nursing education. Implications and recommendations are suggested for the applicability of clinical teacher self-efficacy within clinician education and practice.
Topics: Educational Status; Humans; Motivation; Psychological Theory; Self Efficacy
PubMed: 33780834
DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2021.103029 -
Patient Education and Counseling Apr 2020To determine the association between self-efficacy and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in people with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
To determine the association between self-efficacy and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in people with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and the moderating effect of self-efficacy type (exercise task, exercise barrier, COPD symptom, general) and HRQoL type (generic, COPD specific).
METHODS
Databases were searched systematically from inception to January 2019. Methodological quality was assessed, and a meta-analysis was conducted following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO protocol: CRD42018114846).
RESULTS
Across 31 coefficients, there was a positive relationship between self-efficacy and HRQoL (r = 0.38, 95 %CI [0.32, 0.45]). Exercise barrier self-efficacy had the strongest relationship to HRQoL (r = 0.42, 95 % CI [0.30, 0.52]), followed by COPD symptoms (r = 0.41, 95 % CI [0.33, 0.49]), exercise tasks (r = 0.40, 95 % CI [0.29, 0.50]), and general self-efficacy (r = 0.21, 95 % CI [0.14, 0.28]). Generic HRQoL had a similar relationship to self-efficacy (r = 0.38, 95 % CI [0.28, 0.47]) as COPD specific HRQoL (r = 0.38, 95 % CI [0.30, 0.46]).
CONCLUSION
There is a moderate positive relationship between self-efficacy and HRQoL in COPD, with the relationship stronger for exercise and COPD symptoms than general self-efficacy.
Topics: Exercise; Humans; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Quality of Life; Self Efficacy
PubMed: 31859120
DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2019.12.003 -
Currents in Pharmacy Teaching & Learning Apr 2022Pharmacy student proficiency in direct patient interactions is an integral component of the doctor of pharmacy curriculum. Service-learning experiences offer pharmacy... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Pharmacy student proficiency in direct patient interactions is an integral component of the doctor of pharmacy curriculum. Service-learning experiences offer pharmacy students valuable opportunities to develop self-efficacy and empathy while serving communities with unmet needs. The objective of this review is to evaluate the impact of service-learning experiences on the self-efficacy and empathy of pharmacy and other health professions students.
METHODS
A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed, ERIC, and CINAHL databases. Articles were included if they described the relationship between any health professions student service-learning experience and changes in self-efficacy and empathy. Articles were excluded if they involved simulation experiences, standardized patients, or international experiences.
RESULTS
A total of 11 relevant articles were identified, seven examined changes in student self-efficacy and six assessed student empathy. Articles included students representing seven health professions, with one eligible article in pharmacy. All articles investigating self-efficacy reported a positive impact of service learning on student confidence. Most articles focusing on empathy found that service learning had a positive impact on student empathy, and only one article noted a negative trend. Students with limited prior direct patient care experience had the greatest improvement in clinical confidence and empathy.
IMPLICATIONS
This review adds a new perspective to the literature by evaluating evidence-based service-learning models in pharmacy education. Offering additional structured service-learning opportunities for pharmacy students fosters self-efficacy and empathy while supporting communities with unmet needs. Future studies evaluating innovative service-learning models and methods of continuous assessment within the pharmacy curriculum are warranted.
Topics: Education, Pharmacy; Empathy; Humans; Learning; Self Efficacy; Students, Pharmacy
PubMed: 35483822
DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2022.03.002 -
Journal of Cancer Education : the... Aug 2023Self-efficacy, or confidence, for being able to get cancer information may affect a person's understanding of cancer risk and subsequent cancer-related decisions such as...
Self-efficacy, or confidence, for being able to get cancer information may affect a person's understanding of cancer risk and subsequent cancer-related decisions such as screening, treatment, and genetic testing. In this study, we explored key correlates associated with self-efficacy for getting cancer information. We analyzed cross-sectional data from the 2018 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 5, Cycle 2). There were 3504 responses in the full dataset; 2513 remained after eliminating respondents with incomplete data for all variables of interest. Self-efficacy for getting cancer information was assessed with the item, "Overall, how confident are you that you could get advice or information about cancer if you needed it?" First, we explored correlates associated with self-efficacy in getting cancer information including sociodemographic factors, patient-provider communication, and health-related self-efficacy in the full sample. Secondarily, we examined associations between self-efficacy to get cancer information and cancer information-seeking burden (e.g., difficulty understanding cancer information) in the subset of participants who reported ever looking for cancer-specific information. Descriptive statistics and logistic regressions were conducted. Asian race/ethnicity, higher perceived quality of patient-provider communication, and higher health-related self-efficacy were associated with higher odds of confidence about getting cancer information. In the subset of people who ever sought cancer-specific information, higher patient-provider communication scores, higher health-related self-efficacy, greater difficulty understanding information, greater concern about the quality of information, and greater frustration during the search were associated with higher self-efficacy for getting cancer information. Future research should evaluate strategies to improve cancer information seeking skills.
Topics: Humans; Self Efficacy; Cross-Sectional Studies; Communication; Surveys and Questionnaires; Neoplasms
PubMed: 36708498
DOI: 10.1007/s13187-023-02266-z -
Nursing Open Oct 2023The aim of this systematic review is to identify, describe and synthesize evidence from experimental studies conducted to measure and conceptualize self-efficacy within... (Review)
Review
AIM
The aim of this systematic review is to identify, describe and synthesize evidence from experimental studies conducted to measure and conceptualize self-efficacy within the context of nursing education and the transition of nursing students to practice as a registered practitioners.
DESIGN
Systematic review.
METHODS
Papers were screened by four independent reviewers, and data were extracted using a standardized data extraction tool. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidance and checklists were used to guide this review.
RESULTS
The review included 47 studies, using a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test design (n = 39) and randomized control trials (n = 8). Various teaching and learning interventions were used to enhance self-efficacy; however, there is no definitive conclusion to be drawn regarding the most effective educational interventions. Various instruments were used in the studies to measure self-efficacy. 10 of these were related to general self-efficacy, while 37 instruments measured self-efficacy in the context of specific skills.
Topics: Humans; Self Efficacy; Education, Nursing; Learning; Students, Nursing
PubMed: 37421389
DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1931 -
Psychological Bulletin Jan 2007Procrastination is a prevalent and pernicious form of self-regulatory failure that is not entirely understood. Hence, the relevant conceptual, theoretical, and empirical... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Procrastination is a prevalent and pernicious form of self-regulatory failure that is not entirely understood. Hence, the relevant conceptual, theoretical, and empirical work is reviewed, drawing upon correlational, experimental, and qualitative findings. A meta-analysis of procrastination's possible causes and effects, based on 691 correlations, reveals that neuroticism, rebelliousness, and sensation seeking show only a weak connection. Strong and consistent predictors of procrastination were task aversiveness, task delay, self-efficacy, and impulsiveness, as well as conscientiousness and its facets of self-control, distractibility, organization, and achievement motivation. These effects prove consistent with temporal motivation theory, an integrative hybrid of expectancy theory and hyperbolic discounting. Continued research into procrastination should not be delayed, especially because its prevalence appears to be growing.
Topics: Decision Making; Humans; Self Efficacy; Social Control, Informal; Time Factors; Time Perception
PubMed: 17201571
DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.65 -
Australasian Journal on Ageing Sep 2022In recent years, the concept of general self-efficacy has increased in popularity. General self-efficacy is positively associated with quality of life and has the... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
In recent years, the concept of general self-efficacy has increased in popularity. General self-efficacy is positively associated with quality of life and has the potential to act as a psychological buffer against adverse events and circumstances. However, due to the long-term influences that are said to shape general self-efficacy beliefs, they may be resistant to intervention, particularly within the older population. This restricted review aimed to explore whether psychosocial interventions could improve the general self-efficacy of older adults. Aspects of intervention design associated with improvements were also investigated.
METHODS
A restricted review was undertaken. This included a keyword search of four major health databases (PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO and AgeLine). Search terms focused on general self-efficacy and the commonly used measures of this concept and were limited to the older adult population.
RESULTS
In total, 848 articles were screened, with 20 studies proceeding to data extraction. The modification of general self-efficacy in older adults appears possible, with 7 out of the 20 included studies reporting improvements postintervention. Despite issues relating to the quality of included studies and the generalisability of their results, several aspects of intervention design coincided with intervention success, including intervention duration, and employing sufficiently-qualified staff.
CONCLUSIONS
Future research must address the generalisability issues identified in this review. Studies comparing the effectiveness of individual- and group-based interventions, the efficacy of remote delivery platforms and the possibility for long-term transfer of any improvements are needed to contribute the high-quality data required for policy and practice decisions in this area.
Topics: Aged; Delivery of Health Care; Humans; Quality of Life; Self Efficacy
PubMed: 35235249
DOI: 10.1111/ajag.13052 -
Behavior Modification Jan 2000People's perceptions of their capabilities for performance, or self-efficacy perceptions, are a cognitive mechanism underlying behavioral change. This article addresses... (Review)
Review
People's perceptions of their capabilities for performance, or self-efficacy perceptions, are a cognitive mechanism underlying behavioral change. This article addresses three questions in the study of perceived self-efficacy: Do self-efficacy perceptions generalize across situations? Do affective states influence perceived self-efficacy? Do people have a singular level of perceived self-efficacy in any domain, or are there multiple aspects to self-efficacy perception? These questions are answered by analyzing the cognitive processes through which people appraise their efficacy for performance. The research reviewed indicates that (a) self-efficacy perceptions generalize across idiosyncratic sets of situations relating to schematic personal attributes; (b) induced negative mood does not reliably influence perceived self-efficacy but does raise performance standards, creating efficacy-standards discrepancies; (c) distinct aspects of self-efficacy appraisal can be organized by distinguishing between perceived self-efficacy for executing strategies and for attaining goals.
Topics: Awareness; Generalization, Psychological; Goals; Humans; Motivation; Self Efficacy; Social Environment; Thinking
PubMed: 10641366
DOI: 10.1177/0145445500241002