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F1000Research 2022While deepfake technology is still relatively new, concerns are increasing as they are getting harder to spot. The first question we need to ask is how good humans are...
While deepfake technology is still relatively new, concerns are increasing as they are getting harder to spot. The first question we need to ask is how good humans are at recognizing deepfakes - the realistic-looking videos or images that show people doing or saying things that they never actually did or said generated by an artificial intelligence-based technology. Research has shown that an individual's self-efficacy correlates with their ability to detect deepfakes. Previous studies suggest that one of the most fundamental predictors of self-efficacy are personality traits. In this study, we ask the question: how can people's personality traits influence their efficacy in recognizing deepfakes? Predictive correlational design with a multiple linear regression data analysis technique was used in this study. The participants of this study were 200 Indonesian young adults. The results showed that only traits of Honesty-humility and Agreeableness were able to predict the efficacy, in the negative and positive directions, respectively. Meanwhile, traits of Emotionality, Extraversion, Conscientiousness, and Openness cannot predict it. Self-efficacy in spotting deepfakes can be predicted by certain personality traits.
Topics: Young Adult; Humans; Personality; Self Efficacy; Artificial Intelligence
PubMed: 38098756
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.128915.3 -
Journal of Nursing Management Jul 2021To investigate the perceived self-efficacy, structural empowerment and power of middle nurse managers before the implementation of a major reform of public hospitals in...
AIM
To investigate the perceived self-efficacy, structural empowerment and power of middle nurse managers before the implementation of a major reform of public hospitals in Cyprus.
BACKGROUND
Nurse managers' self-efficacy is important as it makes a difference in nurses' motivation and the way they feel, think and behave. Empowerment promotes workers' engagement at work, leading to positive performance outcomes.
METHODS
This is a descriptive correlational study with a sample of 175 nurse managers. It was conducted during March-April 2019.
RESULTS
The results showed that nurse managers perceived relatively high scores of self-efficacy, moderate levels of empowerment and moderate levels of both formal and informal power. Access to resources has been recorded as low. Statistically significant correlations have been found between self-efficacy, age and work experience. Nurse managers with a bachelor's degree had a higher informal power than those with a master's degree.
CONCLUSIONS
The present study provides recommendations for maintaining and enhancing the self-efficacy, empowerment and power of nurse managers in the evolving conditions of health care reforms.
IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT
Nurse managers need to improve their access to empowerment structures and be involved in policy decision-making, future planning, organisation and control, aiming for the improvement of services and care that they provide.
Topics: Cyprus; Humans; Nurse Administrators; Power, Psychological; Self Efficacy; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 33417727
DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13247 -
Psicothema Aug 2021Psychological well-being and health-specific self-regulation have been associated with cardiovascular health. This study aimed to examine the longitudinal relationship...
BACKGROUND
Psychological well-being and health-specific self-regulation have been associated with cardiovascular health. This study aimed to examine the longitudinal relationship of positivity and health-specific self-regulatory variables to health-related quality of life in patients with cardiovascular disease.
METHODS
A sample of 550 cardiac patients completed a number of instruments (positivity, regulatory emotional self-efficacy, and cardiac self-efficacy scales, and the general health questionnaire SF-12) on two occasions 9 months apart, assessing their level of positivity, health-specific self-efficacy beliefs, and health-related quality of life.
RESULTS
Mediational analyses demonstrated that health-specific self-efficacy beliefs mediate the relationship between positivity and health-related quality of life. In terms of self-efficacy in managing negative affect, the despondency-distress factor showed both direct and indirect effects on health, while the anger factor showed only an indirect effect. The results of the structural equation model demonstrated suitable indices of fit.
CONCLUSIONS
Positivity may act as a disposition helps patients to use motivational strategies related to health, be more confident in their ability to regulate their emotions, and follow the recommendations of their cardiac medical team, enabling them to perceive a higher quality of life. These findings indicate the need to promote psychosocial interventions that include these variables.
Topics: Emotions; Humans; Quality of Life; Self Efficacy; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34297673
DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2020.476 -
Journal of Applied Gerontology : the... Feb 2023To address the gap of lacking research on the association between coping self-efficacy and loneliness, this study examined this relationship to inform future research...
To address the gap of lacking research on the association between coping self-efficacy and loneliness, this study examined this relationship to inform future research and intervention on loneliness. Using data from 151 community-dwelling older adults ages 65 and older, we estimated multivariate logistic regression models with age, race/ethnicity, sex, body mass index, chronic disease composite score, social support, coping self-efficacy, and depression symptoms. Loneliness was reported in 32.1% of participants and negatively associated with coping self-efficacy (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.50-0.93) while controlling for age, race, sex, chronic disease composite score, and body mass index. Our findings suggest that coping self-efficacy may be a target for intervention involving loneliness in future research; however, the causal relationship between coping self-efficacy and loneliness should be explored further.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Loneliness; Self Efficacy; Adaptation, Psychological; Social Support; Chronic Disease
PubMed: 36178675
DOI: 10.1177/07334648221129858 -
Colorectal Disease : the Official... Oct 2023The aim of this research is to determine the effect of stoma self-efficacy of people with stoma on their sexual function and satisfaction.
AIM
The aim of this research is to determine the effect of stoma self-efficacy of people with stoma on their sexual function and satisfaction.
METHOD
This descriptive research was carried out between November 2022 and May 2023. One hundred and forty people with stoma were included in the research. A descriptive information form, a visual analogue scale (VAS) for satisfaction with sexual life, the Stoma Self-Efficacy Scale (Stoma SE) and the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX) were used for the research.
RESULTS
According to the findings of the research, it was established that 90% of the participants had sexual dysfunction according to the ASEX. The average VAS satisfaction with sexual life score was 2.77 ± 3.19, the average Stoma SE Total score was 76.26 ± 19.63 and the average ASEX score was 21.62 ± 7.88. The VAS-satisfaction with sexual life score of the participants had a positive relationship with the social self-efficacy score and a negative relationship with the ASEX score. There was a negative relationship between the social self-efficacy score and the ASEX score of the participants. It has been determined that the social self-efficacy scores of the participants affect their ASEX and VAS-satisfaction with sexual life scores.
CONCLUSION
Development of care self-efficacy is as critical as the development of social self-efficacy for people with stoma. Development of social self-efficacy by people with stoma can contribute to their sexual function and satisfaction with sexual life.
Topics: Humans; Self Efficacy; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological; Sexual Behavior; Personal Satisfaction
PubMed: 37776123
DOI: 10.1111/codi.16763 -
Pain Practice : the Official Journal of... Apr 2023Self-efficacy is one of the important factors affecting chronic diseases. In the current epidemiological context of low back pain (LBP), LBP self-efficacy has become a...
BACKGROUND
Self-efficacy is one of the important factors affecting chronic diseases. In the current epidemiological context of low back pain (LBP), LBP self-efficacy has become a topic of great practical interest for researchers. However, no bibliometric analysis related to LBP self-efficacy has been performed to date. The purpose of this study was to conduct and explore the current state of research in LBP self-efficacy from 1980 to 2021, by using bibliometric analysis and scientific mapping.
METHODS
Raw data were selected from the Web of Science (WOS) database, relevant literature on LBP self-efficacy was retrieved, and data were de-duplicated and cleaned. Excel was used for data processing. CiteSpace 5.8.R3 was used for bibliometric analysis and scientific mapping in publications and country, institution, journals, authors, references, and keywords. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS 25.0.
RESULTS
There were 822 references included. For this period, the total publication numbers were increased. A total of 103 regions had researchers in this area; the United States was the country with the largest volume of research. There were 94 disciplines, mainly in neuroscience. More research is likely to burst and develop quickly in general and internal medicine in the future. Spine was the most recognized journal. Cognitive-behavioral manifestations and older adults with LBP might be the frontiers and trends.
CONCLUSION
The volume of literature on LBP self-efficacy has increased linearly over the past 41 years and will continue to increase. The field of study has become more refined. This bibliometric analysis provides valuable support for future directions and research trends in LBP self-efficacy.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Low Back Pain; Self Efficacy; Spine; Databases, Factual; Neurosciences
PubMed: 36541115
DOI: 10.1111/papr.13201 -
BMC Geriatrics Dec 2021The present study aimed to explore the relationship between job-search self-efficacy and reemployment willingness among older adults, as well as roles of achievement...
BACKGROUND
The present study aimed to explore the relationship between job-search self-efficacy and reemployment willingness among older adults, as well as roles of achievement motivation and age in this relationship.
METHODS
Three hundred and sixty-five Chinese retired older adults were recruited from five neighborhoods in a city via convenience sampling, and they were measured by the Job Search Self-Efficacy Scale and the Achievement Motivation Scale (AMS).
RESULTS
Results revealed that job-search self-efficacy significantly positively predicted reemployment willingness. Achievement motivation played a partial mediating role in the relationship between the job-search self-efficacy and reemployment willingness. Age moderated the relationship between job-search self-efficacy and reemployment willingness.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings showed that increasing the job-search self-efficacy and achievement motivation could effectively promote older adults' reemployment willingness. The present study provided a theoretical basis for caring for older adults' reemployment willingness.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Job Application; Motivation; Self Efficacy; Unemployment
PubMed: 34876038
DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02645-5 -
British Journal of Health Psychology Feb 2021Behavioural intentions as well as action planning can facilitate the adoption and maintenance of physical activity under certain conditions. The present study examined... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVES
Behavioural intentions as well as action planning can facilitate the adoption and maintenance of physical activity under certain conditions. The present study examined levels of plan-specific self-efficacy and habit strength as possible conditions that may modify this relationship.
DESIGN
As a secondary analysis of a larger randomized trial to improve physical activity, n = 225 recipients of a planning intervention were followed up at five measurement points over one year.
METHODS
Two-level models were fit. Within-person levels, that is, fluctuations of intention and action planning around person means, were modelled to predict self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Moreover, between-person, that is, average person, levels of self-efficacy and habit strength were specified as putative moderators of this relationship.
RESULTS
The within-person intention-activity relationship was moderated by between-person levels of habit strength, yielding a compensatory effect: higher-than-usual intention predicted physical activity only when average activity habit levels were low. The within-person planning-activity relationship was moderated by between-person levels of self-efficacy, yielding a synergistic effect: higher-than-usual planning combined with high average self-efficacy resulted in highest physical activity levels.
CONCLUSION
Higher-than-usual intention may only be required in the presence of low activity habits. Moreover, high self-efficacy seems to be required to translate higher-than-usual action planning into augmented physical activity because self-efficacious individuals may invest more efforts to enact their plans.
Topics: Exercise; Habits; Health Behavior; Humans; Intention; Self Efficacy
PubMed: 32584510
DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12452 -
Nurse Educator 2020To reduce performance anxiety and increase engagement in medical-surgical simulations, virtual simulation (VS) was introduced prior to complex high-fidelity simulation...
BACKGROUND
To reduce performance anxiety and increase engagement in medical-surgical simulations, virtual simulation (VS) was introduced prior to complex high-fidelity simulation to increase students' self-efficacy.
PROBLEM
A presimulation preparation needed to be expanded for high-fidelity simulation involving emergent clinical situations.
APPROACH
Combined frameworks of Ericsson's theory of deliberate practice and Bandura's self-efficacy theory were applied. Students completed VS scenarios until a specific score of mastery was obtained, and then the same scenario was repeated in the high-fidelity simulation laboratory. A modified self-efficacy scale survey was administered presimulation and postsimulation. Data were collected on 3 cohorts of students (n = 151) over an academic year.
OUTCOMES
VS followed by high-fidelity simulation significantly increased student perception of self-efficacy in all 3 cohorts (P = .001, P = .037, P = .005).
CONCLUSION
Preparation for high-fidelity simulation using VS increases self-efficacy and allows students to engage in the simulation experience, thus achieving higher levels of mastery through deliberate practice.
Topics: Clinical Competence; Education, Nursing; Humans; Patient Simulation; Self Efficacy; Students, Nursing
PubMed: 31804292
DOI: 10.1097/NNE.0000000000000758 -
Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy Feb 2024In social cognitive theory, belief in the ability to manage emotions renders these emotions less aversive. Reduced emotional reactions to stress and greater...
In social cognitive theory, belief in the ability to manage emotions renders these emotions less aversive. Reduced emotional reactions to stress and greater self-regulation have been linked to lower neuroticism. The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether self-efficacy for regulation of distress/despondency (SEDes) and anger (SEAng) and self-efficacy for experiencing and expressing positive emotions (SEPos) predicted lower subsequent neuroticism. A second purpose was to determine whether these forms of self-efficacy buffered the relationship between perceived stress and subsequent neuroticism. Among 251 university students in the United States, perceived stress predicted 8% of the variance, and SEAng negatively predicted 2% of the variance, in time 2 neuroticism over 3-4 weeks. Contrary to hypotheses, high SEDes and SEPos did not protect against higher time 2 neuroticism when stress was high, but low levels of these forms of self-efficacy were risk factors for modestly higher time 2 neuroticism when stress was low.
Topics: Humans; United States; Neuroticism; Self Efficacy; Emotions; Affect; Anger
PubMed: 38320774
DOI: 10.1891/JCP-2023-0001