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Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology Jul 2023Scalp psoriasis frequently goes with other disease location and may lead to a significant burden and impairment of quality of life (QoL). Adherence to local treatments... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Clinical benefit and tolerance profile of a keratolytic and hydrating shampoo in subjects with mild to moderate psoriasis. Results from a double-blind, randomized, vehicle-controlled study.
INTRODUCTION
Scalp psoriasis frequently goes with other disease location and may lead to a significant burden and impairment of quality of life (QoL). Adherence to local treatments is a frequent problem. A keratolytic and hydrating shampoo containing 2% salicylic acid, 5% urea, and 1% glycerin (active shampoo) has been developed for psoriasis-prone scalp.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the efficacy and tolerability of an active shampoo in subjects with mild to moderate scalp psoriasis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A single-center, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled study was conducted on 67 adults with mild to moderate psoriasis. The active shampoo or its vehicle were applied daily for 14 days and 3 times/week for another 14 days. Assessments included the Psoriasis Scalp Severity Index (PSSI), Investigator Global Assessment (IGA), calculated total surface affected hair, scalp greasiness, irritation, and assessed scalp dermatitis-specific quality-of-life issues using SCALPDEX and product acceptability.
RESULTS
The active shampoo significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the PSSI by 39.0%, 37.2%, 63.0%, and 69.0% immediately after washing compared to a 22.8%, 5.5%, 19.6%, and 13.0% with the vehicle at Days 1, 8, 15, and 30, respectively. SCALPDEX items, IGA, and irritation significantly (p < 0.05) reduced with the active shampoo. Hair and scalp greasiness improved continuously with both products until Day 21. Subject-reported symptom scores paralleled the positive evolution of clinical signs. The active shampoo was well tolerated, subjects were highly satisfied and had an improved QoL.
CONCLUSION
The active shampoo significantly improved clinical signs, symptoms, and QoL of mild-to-moderate scalp psoriasis compared to the vehicle. It was very well tolerated and highly appreciated by the subjects.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Quality of Life; Scalp Dermatoses; Treatment Outcome; Keratolytic Agents; Dermatologic Agents; Psoriasis; Double-Blind Method; Excipients; Inflammation; Immunoglobulin A; Hair Preparations
PubMed: 36942745
DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15693 -
Dermatitis : Contact, Atopic,... 2009Shampoos are used almost universally in developed countries to wash the hair on a daily basis. A number of known contact allergens are used as ingredients in shampoos,...
Shampoos are used almost universally in developed countries to wash the hair on a daily basis. A number of known contact allergens are used as ingredients in shampoos, and contact allergy due to shampoos is a well known entity. Patch testing can be used to identify ingredients to which patients are allergic, after which the physician can help the patient to find a shampoo that is free of the ingredients to which they are allergic. The ingredients used in shampoos have not been systematically reviewed in recent years in the United States. We use a database of products sold at a major drug store to quantify the most frequent allergens used in shampoos. The allergens most commonly present, in order of prevalence are as follows: fragrance, cocamidopropyl betaine, methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone, formaldehyde releasers, propylene glycol, vitamin E, parabens, benzophenones, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, and methyldibromoglutaronitrile/phenoxyethanol.
Topics: Allergens; Databases, Factual; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Hair Preparations; Hand Dermatoses; Humans; Patch Tests; Propylene Glycol; Risk Factors; Scalp Dermatoses; Sensitivity and Specificity; Thiazoles
PubMed: 19426617
DOI: No ID Found -
Pediatric Dermatology 2012We describe six patients who developed orange to red-brown scalp discoloration after application of selenium sulfide-containing shampoos. This phenomenon has been... (Review)
Review
We describe six patients who developed orange to red-brown scalp discoloration after application of selenium sulfide-containing shampoos. This phenomenon has been described only once previously. In all of the cases, the discoloration resolved shortly after discontinuing the selenium sulfide. Lightly swabbing with isopropyl alcohol facilitated removal of the discoloration. This simple technique serves as a painless diagnostic method, which may prevent unnecessary evaluation with a biopsy.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Coloring Agents; Dermatitis, Seborrheic; Female; Hair Preparations; Humans; Infant; Male; Scalp; Scalp Dermatoses; Selenium Compounds
PubMed: 21453309
DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1470.2011.01410.x -
Brazilian Journal of Biology = Revista... 2022Sodium lauryl sulfate is the main cleaning ingredient in shampoos, even though it may be potentially damaging to hair. The demand for antioxidant-rich cosmetics, on the...
Sodium lauryl sulfate is the main cleaning ingredient in shampoos, even though it may be potentially damaging to hair. The demand for antioxidant-rich cosmetics, on the other hand, has encouraged green cosmetics research. Brazil has vast biodiversity that can be exploited for the production of these cosmetics. This work aimed to develop a minimalist antioxidant lauryl-free shampoo formulation with leaf extracts from the Brazilian plant Hancornia speciosa Gomes. Two hydroethanolic extracts were prepared using different extraction methods, Soxhlet, and ultrasound. The extracts were characterized by the presence of saponins, polyphenol quantification, and HLPC chemical identification of the compounds. Antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH method. The antioxidant lauryl-free shampoo was developed using hydroxyethyl cellulose with two concentrations of leaf extract obtained by Soxhlet, 0.125 mg/g (XP1) and 0.250 mg/g (XP2). Along with the antioxidant activity, the physical and chemical properties, cleaning potential, and foam quality were evaluated. The Soxhlet leaf extract revealed a more favorable chemical profile, including a positive result for saponins, as well as a larger quantity of polyphenols and increased antioxidant activity. The XP2 formulation showed better foam height, dirt dispersion, and antioxidant activity. Thus, the use of mangabeira leaf extract appears to be promising for the development of shampoos with antioxidant activity.
Topics: Antioxidants; Plant Extracts; Polyphenols; Brazil; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Saponins; Cellulose; Plant Leaves
PubMed: 36287404
DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.264677 -
Journal of the American Animal Hospital... 2019
Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Dosage Forms; Female; Male; Methicillin; Methicillin Resistance; Pilot Projects; Salicylic Acid; Sodium Hypochlorite; Staphylococcal Skin Infections; Staphylococcus
PubMed: 30870602
DOI: 10.5326/JAAHA-MS-6628 -
International Journal of Cosmetic... Oct 2017The objective of this work was to create a shampoo formula that contains a stable ordered gel network structure that delivers fatty alcohols inside hair.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this work was to create a shampoo formula that contains a stable ordered gel network structure that delivers fatty alcohols inside hair.
METHODS
X-ray diffraction (SAXS and WAXS), SEM and DSC have been used to confirm formation of the ordered Lβ gel network with fatty alcohol (cetyl and stearyl alcohols) and an anionic surfactant (SLE1S). Micro-autoradiography and extraction methods using GC-MS were used to confirm penetration of fatty alcohols into hair, and cyclic fatigue testing was used to measure hair strength.
RESULTS
In this work, evidence of a stable Lβ ordered gel network structure created from cetyl and stearyl alcohols and anionic surfactant (SLE1S) is presented, and this is confirmed via scanning electron microscopy images showing lamella layers and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showing new melting peaks vs the starting fatty alcohols. Hair washed for 16 repeat cycles with this shampoo showed penetration of fatty alcohols from the gel network into hair as confirmed by a differential extraction method with GC-MS and by radiolabelling of stearyl alcohol and showing its presence inside hair cross-sections. The gel network role in delivering fatty alcohol inside hair is demonstrated by comparing with a shampoo with added fatty alcohol not in an ordered gel network structure. The hair containing fatty alcohol was measured via the Dia-stron cyclic fatigue instrument and showed a significantly higher number of cycles to break vs control.
CONCLUSIONS
The formation of a stable gel network was confirmed in the formulated shampoo, and it was demonstrated that this gel network is important to deliver cetyl and stearyl alcohols into hair. The presence of fatty alcohol inside hair was shown to deliver a hair strength benefit via cyclic fatigue testing.
Topics: Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Fatty Alcohols; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Gels; Hair; Hair Preparations; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Surface-Active Agents; X-Ray Diffraction
PubMed: 28594472
DOI: 10.1111/ics.12409 -
Experimental Parasitology Nov 2022Ticks are a widely distributed arthropod of veterinary importance. Resistance of ticks to synthetic acaricides has become widespread, warranting the development of new...
Ticks are a widely distributed arthropod of veterinary importance. Resistance of ticks to synthetic acaricides has become widespread, warranting the development of new drugs for tick management. Carvacrol is a volatile monoterpene, with promising results against various species of ticks; however, to be used for therapeutic purposes, carvacrol must be included in a formulation that makes its application feasible. This study aims to develop a formulation of a carvacrol-containing shampoo that is effective against two species of ticks: Rhipicephalus sanguineus and R. microplus. Shampoo sensory characteristics and pH were evaluated at 37, 25 and 5 °C, for a maximum of 15 days. The shampoo remained stable at 25 and 5 °C. The efficacy of the carvacrol-containing formulation against two species of ticks was assessed by the larval immersion test. Mortality of both tick species was significantly higher for the carvacrol shampoo than for a carvacrol hydroalcoholic solution. In conclusion, the carvacrol-containing shampoo showed larvicidal efficacy on ticks.
Topics: Animals; Acaricides; Rhipicephalus; Larva; Monoterpenes; Tick Infestations
PubMed: 36027929
DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2022.108364 -
International Journal of Cosmetic... Feb 2024With the constant upgrading of healthcare concepts, silicone-free hair products have attracted more attention among consumers. In the present study, transparent...
OBJECTIVE
With the constant upgrading of healthcare concepts, silicone-free hair products have attracted more attention among consumers. In the present study, transparent silicone-free shampoo containing proteins was successfully fabricated by mixing mild non-sulphate surfactants, compound cationic conditioners, natural silicone oil substitutes, protein conditioners, thickeners, and other auxiliary ingredients. The effects of the type of surfactants, hair conditioners and thickeners, the type and content of proteins, and the mass ratio of compound proteins on the hair foaming performance, hair grooming performance, and penetration performance were investigated.
METHODS
The basic formulation framework for transparent silicone-free shampoo was established at first. Then, various hydrolyzed proteins were further added to the basic formulation in the form of single use or compound use to prepare transparent silicone-free shampoo containing different proteins. The morphology of hair samples and penetration of protein in hair were evaluated with a scanning electron microscope and laser confocal fluorescence microscopy, respectively. And the hair grooming performance was also determined by a dynamic combing tester.
RESULTS
The compound proteins of Croquat WKP PE-LQ-WD and Gluadin® Kera-PLM with mass ratios of 1:9 and 1:1 at 2 wt% total protein content added to the silicone-free shampoo brought a higher contact angle and a lower frictional coefficient than commercial silicone-free shampoo without proteins. In addition, the compound proteins also have the dual effect of adsorbing the hair surface and penetrating deep into the interior of the hair.
CONCLUSION
The combination of cationic modified hydrolyzed protein (e.g., Croquat WKP PE-LQ-WD) and hydrolyzed protein with low molecular weight (e.g., Gluadin® Kera-P LM) at an appropriate mass ratio exhibited a strong synergistic effect on hair conditioning properties. It could provide a significant reference for developing silicone-free hair products with more benefits.
Topics: Silicones; Hair Preparations; Hair; Silicone Oils; Dermatologic Agents; Surface-Active Agents
PubMed: 37736006
DOI: 10.1111/ics.12913 -
International Journal of Trichology Jul 2014Dermatologists most frequently prescribe shampoos for the treatment of hair shed and scalp disorders. Prescription of hair care products is often focused on improving...
AIM
Dermatologists most frequently prescribe shampoos for the treatment of hair shed and scalp disorders. Prescription of hair care products is often focused on improving scalp hair density, whereas the over-the-counter products focus on hair damage prevention. Little is taught in medical schools about the hair cosmetics, so that the prescriptions are based only on the treatment of the scalp and usually disregards the hair fiber health.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this work, we review the current literature about the mode of action of a low-pH shampoo regarding the hair shaft's health and analyze the pH of 123 shampoos of international brands.
RESULTS
All shampoo pH values ranged from 3.5 to 9.0. 38.21% of all 123 shampoos presented a pH ≤ 5.5 (IC: 29.9-47%) and 61.78% presented a pH > 5.5. 26 anti-dandruff shampoos were analyzed. About 19.23% presented pH ≤ 5.5.(IC: 7.4-37.6%). 80.77% of all anti-dandruffs shampoos presented a pH > 5.5. The dermatological shampoo group (n = 19) presented 42.10% with pH ≤ 5.5 (IC: 21.8-64.6%), and 57.90% with pH > 5.5. Among the commercial (popular) products (n = 96), 34.37% presented pH ≤ 5.5 (IC: 25.4-44.3%) and 65.62% presented pH > 5.5. 15 professional products (used in hair salons) were analyzed, of which 75% had a pH ≤ 5.5 (IC: 18-65, 4%), and 25% had a pH > 5.5. 100% of the children's shampoos presented a pH > 5.5.
CONCLUSIONS
Alkaline pH may increase the negative electrical charge of the hair fiber surface and, therefore, increase friction between the fibers. This may lead to cuticle damage and fiber breakage. It is a reality and not a myth that lower pH of shampoos may cause less frizzing for generating less negative static electricity on the fiber surface. Interestingly, only 38% of the popular brand shampoos against 75% of the salons shampoos presented a pH ≤ 5.0. Pediatric shampoos had the pH of 7.0 because of the "no-tear" concept. There is no standardized value for the final pH. The authors believe that it is important to reveal the pH value on the shampoo label, but studies are needed to establish the best pH range for both the scalp and the hair fiber's health.
PubMed: 25210332
DOI: 10.4103/0974-7753.139078 -
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology Dec 2019Approximately 40% of women experience excessive hair shedding when washing their hair. Previously, we have demonstrated that a topically applied α1 adrenergic receptor...
BACKGROUND
Approximately 40% of women experience excessive hair shedding when washing their hair. Previously, we have demonstrated that a topically applied α1 adrenergic receptor agonist can be used to contract the arrector pili muscle of the follicular unit (ie, produce "goose bumps"), increasing the force required to pluck hair by as much as 400%. Subsequently, we reported a topical cosmetic solution containing an α1 adrenergic receptor agonist that reduced hair shedding during brushing by a maximum of 77%.
AIMS
In this communication, we explore a novel mechanism to contract the arrector pili muscle. Trace amine-associated receptors (TAAR) have been shown to regulate smooth muscle tone in blood vessels, but have not been reported to be present in the skin. Here, we report on the anti-shedding efficacy of a shampoo containing a selective TAAR agonist, tyramine hydrochloride.
METHODS
A single-blinded crossover study was designed to test the efficacy of the novel shampoo versus placebo in reducing hairs lost during brushing.
RESULTS
In this study, the novel TAAR shampoo reduced hair shedding during brushing by 31% in a cohort of 24 women with a maximum reduction of 77%.
CONCLUSIONS
A shampoo formulated with a selective TAAR agonist was demonstrated to contract the arrector pili muscle and reduce hair shedding subsequent to washing.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Hair Follicle; Hair Preparations; Humans; Middle Aged; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Tyramine; Young Adult
PubMed: 31264766
DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13054