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The Journal of Pediatrics Aug 1969
Topics: Anemia, Sickle Cell; Humans; Infant; Male; Sepsis; Shigella
PubMed: 5795349
DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(69)80402-6 -
Journal of Bacteriology Dec 2019Colicin U is a protein produced by the bacterium (serovars 1 and 8). It exerts antibacterial activity against strains of the enterobacterial genera and Here, we...
Colicin U is a protein produced by the bacterium (serovars 1 and 8). It exerts antibacterial activity against strains of the enterobacterial genera and Here, we report that colicin U forms voltage-dependent pores in planar lipid membranes; its single-pore conductance was found to be about 22 pS in 1 M KCl at pH 6 under 80 mV in asolectin bilayers. In agreement with the high degree of homology between their C-terminal domains, colicin U shares some pore characteristics with the related colicins A and B. Colicin U pores are strongly pH dependent, and as we deduced from the activity of colicin U in planar membranes at different protein concentrations, they have a monomeric pore structure. However, in contrast to related colicins, we observed a very low cationic selectivity of colicin U pores (1.5/1 of K/Cl at pH 6) along with their atypical voltage gating. Finally, using nonelectrolytes, we determined the inner diameter of the pores to be in the range of 0.7 to 1 nm, which is similar to colicin Ia, but with a considerably different inner profile. Currently, a dramatic increase in antibiotic resistance is driving researchers to find new antimicrobial agents. The large group of toxins called bacteriocins appears to be very promising from this point of view, especially because their narrow killing spectrum allows specific targeting against selected bacterial strains. Colicins are a subgroup of bacteriocins that act on Gram-negative bacteria. To date, some colicins are commercially used for the treatment of animals (1) and tested as a component of engineered species-specific antimicrobial peptides, which are studied for the potential treatment of humans (2). Here, we present a thorough single-molecule study of colicin U which leads to a better understanding of its mode of action. It extends the range of characterized colicins available for possible future medical applications.
Topics: Cell Membrane; Colicins; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ion Channel Gating; Lipid Bilayers; Permeability; Potassium Chloride; Shigella boydii
PubMed: 31548276
DOI: 10.1128/JB.00493-19 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2019Shigellosis, caused by type 1, is understudied and underreported. For 3 years, GEMS study identified 5.4% of all as . We showed the prevalent serotypes of in...
Shigellosis, caused by type 1, is understudied and underreported. For 3 years, GEMS study identified 5.4% of all as . We showed the prevalent serotypes of in Bangladesh and phage-based diagnosis of type 1, a rapid and low-cost approach. Previously typed 793 clinical strains were used for serotype distribution. Twenty-eight environmental water samples were collected for isolation of phages. Forty-eight serotypes of and other enteric bacteria were used for testing the susceptibility to phage MK-13. Electron microscopy, restriction enzyme analysis, whole genome sequencing (WGS), and annotation were performed for extensive characterization. type 1 is the second most prevalent serotype among 20 serotypes of in Bangladesh. We isolated a novel phage, MK-13, which specifically lyses type 1, but doesn't lyse other 47 serotypes of or other enteric bacteria tested. The phage belongs to the family and distinct from other phages indicated by electron microscopy and restriction enzyme analysis, respectively. MK-13 genome consists of 158 kbp of circularly permuted double-stranded DNA with G + C content of 49.45%, and encodes 211 open reading frames including four tRNA-coding regions. The genome has 98% identity with previously reported phage, ΦSboM-AG3, reported to have a broader host range infecting most of the and other species of tested. To our knowledge, MK-13 is the first phage reported to be used as a diagnostic marker to detect type 1, especially in remote settings with limited laboratory infrastructure.
PubMed: 31787934
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02461 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2016Shigella is a pathovar of Escherichia coli comprising four groups, Shigella flexneri, Shigella sonnei, Shigella dysenteriae, and Shigella boydii, each of them, with the... (Review)
Review
Shigella is a pathovar of Escherichia coli comprising four groups, Shigella flexneri, Shigella sonnei, Shigella dysenteriae, and Shigella boydii, each of them, with the exception of S.sonnei, comprising several serotypes. Shigella accounts for the majority of dysentery causing infections occurring world-wide each year. Recent advancements in the Shigella field have led to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying host epithelial cell invasion and immune cell function manipulation, mainly using S. flexneri as a model. Host-cell invasion is the final step of the infection process, as Shigella's virulence strategy relies also on its ability to survive hostile conditions during its journey through the gastro-intestinal tract, to compete with the host microbiota and to cross the intestinal mucus layer. Hence, the diversity of the virulence strategies among the different Shigella species has not yet been deeply investigated, which might be an important step to understand the epidemiological spreading of Shigella species worldwide and a key aspect for the validation of novel vaccine candidates. The recent development of high-throughput screening and sequencing methods will facilitate these complex comparison studies. In this review we discuss several of the major avenues that the Shigella research field has taken over the past few years and hopefully gain some insights into the questions that remain surrounding this important human pathogen.
Topics: Dysentery, Bacillary; Epithelial Cells; Geography; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Shigella boydii; Shigella dysenteriae; Shigella flexneri; Shigella sonnei
PubMed: 27148494
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2016.00045 -
Pathogens and Disease Jun 2016ITALIC! Shigella boydiiis one of the four ITALIC! Shigellaspecies that causes disease worldwide; however, there are few published studies that examine the genomic...
ITALIC! Shigella boydiiis one of the four ITALIC! Shigellaspecies that causes disease worldwide; however, there are few published studies that examine the genomic variation of this species. This study compares genomes of 72 total isolates; 28 ITALIC! S. boydiifrom Bangladesh and The Gambia that were recently isolated as part of the Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS), 14 historical ITALIC! S. boydiigenomes in the public domain and 30 ITALIC! Escherichia coliand ITALIC! Shigellareference genomes that represent the genomic diversity of these pathogens. This comparative analysis of these 72 genomes identified that the ITALIC! S. boydiiisolates separate into three phylogenomic clades, each with specific gene content. Each of the clades contains ITALIC! S. boydiiisolates from geographic and temporally distant sources, indicating that the ITALIC! S. boydiiisolates from the GEMS are representative of ITALIC! S. boydii.This study describes the genome sequences of a collection of novel ITALIC! S. boydiiisolates and provides insight into the diversity of this species in comparison to the ITALIC! E. coliand other ITALIC! Shigellaspecies.
Topics: Computational Biology; Dysentery, Bacillary; Genetic Variation; Genome, Bacterial; Genotype; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Humans; Phylogeny; Shigella boydii
PubMed: 27056949
DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftw027 -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Oct 2020There are four bacterial species in the genus that cause shigellosis or dysentery. is one of the least studied species but has been shown to be separated into three...
There are four bacterial species in the genus that cause shigellosis or dysentery. is one of the least studied species but has been shown to be separated into three phylogenomic clades. Here, we report four complete reference sequences of the phylogenomic clades.
PubMed: 33033129
DOI: 10.1128/MRA.00881-20 -
Science China. Life Sciences Nov 2010Gram-negative, facultative intracellular anaerobes of the genus Shigella, the principal etiologic agents of shigellosis, continue to pose a threat to public health.... (Review)
Review
Gram-negative, facultative intracellular anaerobes of the genus Shigella, the principal etiologic agents of shigellosis, continue to pose a threat to public health. Shigellosis causes 1.1 million deaths with over 164 million annual cases. The Shigella spp. can be divided into four serogroups: Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella flexneri, Shigella boydii and Shigella sonnei. The completion of seven Shigella genome sequences of representative strains from each of the Shigella species has introduced an era of whole-genome study. This paper reviews contemporary understanding of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and the structural biology of Shigella.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Proteins; Comparative Genomic Hybridization; Dysentery, Bacillary; Gene Expression Profiling; Genome, Bacterial; Humans; Proteomics; Shigella
PubMed: 21046319
DOI: 10.1007/s11427-010-4089-y -
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta Dec 2012Shigella boydii causes bacillary dysentery or shigellosis and generates a significant burden in the developing nations. S. boydii-mediated infection assays were...
Shigella boydii causes bacillary dysentery or shigellosis and generates a significant burden in the developing nations. S. boydii-mediated infection assays were performed at both physiological and molecular levels using Caenorhabditis elegans as a host. Continuous exposure of worms to S. boydii showed a reduced life span indicating the pathogenicity of Shigella. Quantitative Real-Time PCR analysis was performed to analyze the expression and regulation of host specific candidate-antimicrobial genes (clec-60, clec-87, lys-7), which were expressed significantly during early infection, but weakened during the latter hours. Increased mortality of mutant RB1285 by S. boydii and Shigella flexneri indicated the role of lys-7 during Shigella infection. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) database was used to analyze the interaction of immune proteins in both C. elegans and humans. In addition, the expression and regulation were revealed about immune genes (clec-61, clec-62, clec-63, F54D5.3 and ZK1320.2), which encode several intermediate immune protein partners (CLEC-61, CLEC-62, CLEC-63, F54D5.3, ZK1320.2, W03D2.6 and THN-2) that interact with LYS-7 and CLEC-60 and were found to play a role in C. elegans immune defense against S. boydii infections. Similarly, the immune genes that are specific to the human defense system, which encode IGHV4-39, A2M, LTF, and CD79A, were predicted to be expressed with LYZ and MBL2, thus indicating their regulation during Shigella infections. Our results using the lowest eukaryotic model system and human database indicated that the major players involved in immunity-related processes appear to be common in cases of Shigella sp. mediated immune responses. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Computational Methods for Protein Interaction and Structural Prediction.
Topics: Animals; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; Computational Biology; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Protein Interaction Mapping; Shigella boydii
PubMed: 22841995
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2012.07.008 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Jan 1985No new serotypes have been added to the Shigella schema since 1958, although several provisional serotypes have been described. We conducted biochemical and serological...
No new serotypes have been added to the Shigella schema since 1958, although several provisional serotypes have been described. We conducted biochemical and serological studies on three provisional Shigella boydii serotypes. Four strains of serotype 2710-54 from four widely separated countries, 7 strains of serotype 3615-53 from three different countries, and 31 strains of serotype 1344-78 (E10163) from six different countries were included. Reactions of all three serotypes were consistent with those of S. boydii. On the basis of these results and other published research, we propose that these three provisional serotypes be admitted to the Shigella schema as S. boydii 16, 17, and 18.
Topics: Asia; Canada; Europe; Fermentation; Humans; Mexico; Serotyping; Shigella; Shigella boydii; Shigella dysenteriae; United States
PubMed: 3881469
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.21.1.129-132.1985 -
Journal of Bacteriology May 1956
Topics: Egypt; Humans; Serogroup; Shigella; Shigella boydii
PubMed: 13331864
DOI: 10.1128/jb.71.5.525-529.1956