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Archives of Dermatology Oct 1997Nonmelanoma skin cancers, including basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas, represent the most common malignant neoplasms in humans. Although many... (Review)
Review
Nonmelanoma skin cancers, including basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas, represent the most common malignant neoplasms in humans. Although many environmental and genetic factors contribute to the development of skin cancers, the most important is chronic exposure to UV radiation in sunlight. We now appreciate that the role of UV in the development of nonmelanoma skin cancers is 2-fold. First, UV radiation causes mutations in cellular DNA. Failure to repair these genetic alterations ultimately leads to unrestrained growth and tumor formation. Second, UV radiation has profound effects on the cutaneous immune system, inducing a state of relative immunosuppression that prevents tumor rejection. The purpose of this review is to educate clinical dermatologists about the recent developments in molecular biology and immunology that have greatly enhanced our understanding of how skin cancers arise. The clinical implications of this new knowledge are far-reaching and likely to soon impact the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of a variety of benign and malignant skin conditions. It will be important for the clinician to understand the biological mechanisms underlying these new therapeutic developments to implement them effectively.
Topics: Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; DNA; DNA Damage; DNA Repair; Environmental Exposure; Humans; Immune Tolerance; Melanoma; Molecular Biology; Mutation; Risk Factors; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Sunlight; Ultraviolet Rays
PubMed: 9382565
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Dermatology May 2019
Topics: Biopsy; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Dermoscopy; Diagnosis, Differential; Hair Diseases; Hair Follicle; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neck; Skin Neoplasms; Skin Pigmentation
PubMed: 30950523
DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14102 -
Dermatologic Surgery : Official... Dec 1999Scar malignancies are generally known as Marjolin's ulcer and the majority of them are epidermoid carcinomas. In addition to epidermoid carcinomas, Basal cell carcinoma... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Scar malignancies are generally known as Marjolin's ulcer and the majority of them are epidermoid carcinomas. In addition to epidermoid carcinomas, Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) also can grow in various scars. Basal cell carcinoma cases developing in surgical scars are extremely rare; only 5 cases have been encountered in available English literature.
METHOD
A 68-year-old woman who has a BCC originating from a surgical scar due to a previous inguinal hernia operation was presented.
CONCLUSION
Trauma has been suggested as one of the etiologic factors for BCC; but the role of trauma or resulting scar in BCC pathogenesis is not known. This unresolved issue can be explained with advanced studies revealing biochemical tissue changes occurring during wound healing and trauma.
Topics: Aged; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Cicatrix; Female; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans; Skin; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 10594632
DOI: 10.1046/j.1524-4725.1999.99192.x -
Scientific Reports Dec 2017Currently, diagnosis of skin diseases is based primarily on the visual pattern recognition skills and expertise of the physician observing the lesion. Even though...
Currently, diagnosis of skin diseases is based primarily on the visual pattern recognition skills and expertise of the physician observing the lesion. Even though dermatologists are trained to recognize patterns of morphology, it is still a subjective visual assessment. Tools for automated pattern recognition can provide objective information to support clinical decision-making. Noninvasive skin imaging techniques provide complementary information to the clinician. In recent years, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become a powerful skin imaging technique. According to specific functional needs, skin architecture varies across different parts of the body, as do the textural characteristics in OCT images. There is, therefore, a critical need to systematically analyze OCT images from different body sites, to identify their significant qualitative and quantitative differences. Sixty-three optical and textural features extracted from OCT images of healthy and diseased skin are analyzed and, in conjunction with decision-theoretic approaches, used to create computational models of the diseases. We demonstrate that these models provide objective information to the clinician to assist in the diagnosis of abnormalities of cutaneous microstructure, and hence, aid in the determination of treatment. Specifically, we demonstrate the performance of this methodology on differentiating basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) from healthy tissue.
Topics: Adult; Algorithms; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Case-Control Studies; Clinical Decision-Making; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Male; Middle Aged; Pattern Recognition, Automated; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Tomography, Optical Coherence
PubMed: 29263332
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17398-8 -
Delaware State Medical Journal Oct 1950
Topics: Bowen's Disease; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Humans; Lymph Nodes; Skin; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 14778324
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Drugs in Dermatology : JDD Feb 2021Surgical excision is the paradigm treatment option for non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), however intralesional fluorouracil (IL 5-FU) is an efficacious alternative and... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Surgical excision is the paradigm treatment option for non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), however intralesional fluorouracil (IL 5-FU) is an efficacious alternative and superior to other chemotherapy agents in NMSC. Yet, little summative data exists on the topic.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the efficacy of IL 5-FU in the treatment of NMSC.
METHODS AND MATERIALS
A systematic review was performed using PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases. 19 studies were included. ANOVA test was used to compare the duration of lesion prior to therapy and resolution time following IL 5-FU treatment. A two-way proportion test was performed to compare the clearance rate between squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and keratoacanthoma (KA).
RESULTS
There was no significant difference between the clearance rate of SCC and BCC after IL 5-FU therapy (87 % vs 91.4%, respectively; P=0.2); however, the clearance rate of both SCC and BCC was significantly greater than that of KA (74.5%; P<0.007); 95% CI [2.56%–19.1%]. Lesion duration and resolution time did not significantly differ across SCC, BCC, and KA (P>0.3).
CONCLUSION
While majority of data is derived from individual cases, IL 5-FU achieved higher clearance rate in SCC and BCC groups than in KA group. J Drugs Dermatol. 2021;20(2):192-198. doi:10.36849/JDD.5518.
Topics: Biopsy; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Drug Administration Schedule; Fluorouracil; Humans; Injections, Intralesional; Keratoacanthoma; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33538569
DOI: 10.36849/JDD.5518 -
Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift Fur... Feb 1993Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is still an experimental modality using red light in conjunction with a systemic or topical photosensitizer. The photosensitizers have a... (Review)
Review
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is still an experimental modality using red light in conjunction with a systemic or topical photosensitizer. The photosensitizers have a longer retention time in malignant tumors compared with the normal surrounding tissue. Irradiation with a red light at wavelength of 630 nm results in photochemical generation of cytotoxic singulet oxygen. The systemic sensitizer mostly used is hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) and the light sources are argon-pumped dye lasers, gold vapour lasers and even more simple light sources based on conventional lamps. The most important side effect of systemic application of HPD is light hypersensitivity in the UVA range, which lasts up to several weeks. Multiple studies in recent years have proved that superficial basal cell carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, Bowen's disease and epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma respond to systemic PDT. Up to now, however studies with greater numbers of patients and a sufficient follow-up have been lacking. Topical application of sensitizers like amino-levulinic acid (ALA) and tetraphenylporphine sulfonate (TPPS) have been used for the treatment of superficial basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. Possible future applications of PDT are virus papillomas and psoriasis. Even if PDT is an experimental therapeutical modality at present, it may become more clinical relevant in the future.
Topics: Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Survival; Hematoporphyrin Photoradiation; Humans; Precancerous Conditions; Skin; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 8449696
DOI: No ID Found -
Vestnik Dermatologii I Venerologii 1989A 62-year-old male subject has developed carcinoma cuniculatum on the sole. The authors consider that the physician should bear in mind the possibility of a diagnostic...
A 62-year-old male subject has developed carcinoma cuniculatum on the sole. The authors consider that the physician should bear in mind the possibility of a diagnostic error when selecting the therapeutic method. They suppose that carcinoma cuniculatum should be referred to verruciform carcinomas.
Topics: Biopsy; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Foot; Foot Diseases; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Skin; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 2718623
DOI: No ID Found -
The British Journal of Dermatology Mar 2019
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Humans; Skin; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 30821374
DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17520 -
Dermatologic Surgery : Official... Apr 2009Adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) has been recommended for squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) with a high risk of recurrence, particularly perineurally invasive disease. The utility... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
BACKGROUND
Adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) has been recommended for squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) with a high risk of recurrence, particularly perineurally invasive disease. The utility of ART is unknown. This study compares reported outcomes of high-risk SCC treated with surgical monotherapy(SM) with those of surgery plus ART (S + ART).
METHODS
The Medline database was searched for reports of high-risk SCC treated with SM or S + ART that reported outcomes of interest: local recurrence, regional or distant metastasis, or disease-specific death.
RESULTS
There were no controlled trials. Of the 2,449 cases of high-risk SCC included, 91 were treated with S + ART. Tumor stage and surgical margin status before ART were generally unreported. In 74 cases of perineural invasion (PNI), outcomes were statistically similar between SM and S + ART. In 943 high risk SCC cases in which clear surgical margins were explicitly documented, risks of local recurrence,regional metastasis, distant metastasis, and disease-specific death were 5%, 5%, 1%, and 1%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
High cure rates are achieved in high-risk cutaneous SCC when clear surgical margins are obtained. Current data are insufficient to identify high-risk features in which ART may be beneficial. In cases of PNI, the extent of nerve involvement appears to affect outcomes, with involvement of larger nerves imparting a worse prognosis.
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Humans; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 19415791
DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2009.01095.x