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Pigment Cell Research Apr 2007Of all skin cancers, cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) is the most aggressive and the life expectancy of patients with lymphatic or systemic metastases is dramatically... (Review)
Review
Of all skin cancers, cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) is the most aggressive and the life expectancy of patients with lymphatic or systemic metastases is dramatically reduced. Understandably therefore, scientists and clinicians have focused on improving diagnostic and prognostic techniques. Of these, perhaps the most promising are multimarker real-time RT-PCR and microarray for detection of circulating CMM cells in peripheral blood. While the optimal set of markers is still to be identified that can accurately assess disease severity and progression at all clinical stages of the disease, recent progress has been dramatic. Here we provide an exhaustive review of recent studies in which a variety of markers are assessed. Moreover, the efficacy of the markers relative to clinical stage is discussed in light of experimental findings. From these studies, it is apparent that researchers are now much closer to defining a set of markers of circulating cells that can be utilized in routine diagnostic tests.
Topics: Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Disease Progression; Humans; Melanoma; Mutation; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; Oncogenes; Prognosis; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 17371435
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0749.2006.00356.x -
Cutis Dec 2023Toluidine blue (TB) is a metachromatic dye used as a stain in frozen sections in Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS). The current literature on the use of TB is sparse and... (Review)
Review
Toluidine blue (TB) is a metachromatic dye used as a stain in frozen sections in Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS). The current literature on the use of TB is sparse and generally qualitative in nature. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize and evaluate the existing literature analyzing TB use in MMS. The PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched for relevant studies published before December 1, 2019. Studies that analyzed the use of TB in frozen sections applicable to MMS were included. A total of 25 articles were reviewed, of which 12 fit the inclusion criteria. Our analysis showed that TB may play an important role in the successful diagnosis and treatment of particular cutaneous tumors.
Topics: Humans; Mohs Surgery; Tolonium Chloride; Skin Neoplasms; Coloring Agents; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
PubMed: 38290073
DOI: 10.12788/cutis.0915 -
La Revue de Medecine Interne Sep 2019The risk of skin cancer induced by photosensiting drugs is well known. An association between hydrochlorothiazide use and skin cancer has been recently published in some...
The risk of skin cancer induced by photosensiting drugs is well known. An association between hydrochlorothiazide use and skin cancer has been recently published in some epidemiological studies. A systematic review of case-control or prospectives cohorts showed an increased risk of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma even if some confusing factors such as tobacco smoking was not analysed. Results are more conflicting for basal cell carcinoma or melanoma. These results do not modify the benefit/risk ratio but should lead to propose preventive mesures: identification of high risk population, avoidance of this drug if possible in immunocompromised patients or with previous skin cancer, regular skin examination in case of long term use of hydrochlorothiazide.
Topics: Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Humans; Hydrochlorothiazide; Melanoma; Risk Assessment; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 31101331
DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2019.04.008 -
Journal of Comparative Pathology May 2024Melanocytic neoplasms originate from melanocytes and melanoma, the malignant form, is a common canine neoplasm and the most aggressive human skin cancer. Despite many... (Review)
Review
Melanocytic neoplasms originate from melanocytes and melanoma, the malignant form, is a common canine neoplasm and the most aggressive human skin cancer. Despite many similarities between these neoplasms in both species, only a limited number of studies have approached these entities in a comparative manner. Therefore, this review compares benign and malignant melanocytic neoplasms in dogs and humans, exclusively those arising in the haired skin, with regard to their clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular aspects. Shared features include spontaneous occurrence, macroscopic features and microscopic findings when comparing human skin melanoma in the advanced/invasive stage and canine cutaneous melanoma, immunohistochemical markers and several histopathological prognostic factors. Differences include the apparent absence of active mutations in the BRAF gene in canine cutaneous melanoma and less aggressive clinical behaviour in dogs than in humans. Further studies are required to elucidate the aetiology and genetic development pathways of canine cutaneous melanocytic neoplasms. Evaluation of the applicability of histopathological prognostic parameters commonly used in humans for dogs are also needed. The similarities between the species and the recent findings regarding genetic mutations in canine cutaneous melanomas suggest the potential utility of dogs as a natural model for human melanomas that are not related to ultraviolet radiation.
Topics: Dogs; Skin Neoplasms; Animals; Dog Diseases; Melanoma; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Biomarkers, Tumor; Melanoma, Cutaneous Malignant
PubMed: 38761560
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2024.04.001 -
The Journal of Dermatology Jul 2018Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common skin cancer and its incidence is rising. The prognosis is mostly good but patients with high-risk cSCC... (Review)
Review
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common skin cancer and its incidence is rising. The prognosis is mostly good but patients with high-risk cSCC have a greater risk of recurrence and death. The aim of the present study was to conduct a systematic review analyzing the prevalence, predictors and prognostic utility of sentinel lymph node (SLN) involvement in cSCC. We performed a published work search in Ovid MEDLINE and reviewed the reference lists of selected studies. Based on the 23 studies included in the systematic review, the proportion of patients with cSCC and positive SLN biopsy findings was 8% (95% confidence interval, 5.1-10.8%; I = 44.51%). We found no studies reporting on predictors of SLN involvement in cSCC or on the prognostic utility of this finding following adjustment for confounders. The rate of positive SLN in cSCC is less than previously reported. Criteria for recommending SLN biopsy as a staging tool for cSCC vary considerably from study to study, and none of the studies were large enough to reliably identify predictors of SLN positivity. No randomized controlled trials have yet analyzed whether SLN biopsy may improve the prognosis of cSCC. More studies are required on the prognostic value of SLN positivity and the associated risk factors in cSCC.
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Humans; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Metastasis; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Prevalence; Prognosis; Risk Factors; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 29701281
DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.14342 -
Clinical Advances in Hematology &... Jan 2012
Review
Topics: Adult; Aged; Chromosome Aberrations; Dendritic Cells; Female; Humans; Immunophenotyping; Male; Middle Aged; Skin Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 22398811
DOI: No ID Found -
The American Journal of Managed Care Feb 2019
Review
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; Immunotherapy; Melanoma; Neoadjuvant Therapy; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis; Skin Neoplasms; Melanoma, Cutaneous Malignant
PubMed: 30776211
DOI: No ID Found -
Postepy Higieny I Medycyny... 1999Proteases are reported to play an essential role in the proliferative, invasive, and metastatic potential of malignant tumor cells. Metastasis is characterized by a... (Review)
Review
Proteases are reported to play an essential role in the proliferative, invasive, and metastatic potential of malignant tumor cells. Metastasis is characterized by a complex series of interactions between tumor cells and their environment. Tumor expansion and invasion are associated with the destruction of normal tissues around the tumor by a variety of classes of tumor and host-derived extracelullar matrix-degrading proteinases. Increased levels of the major lysosomal proteinases cathespin B, D, L, metalloproteinases and plasminogen activators, are correlated with tumor cell invasion and metastasis in human melanoma and other skin tumors, breast and colorectal cancer.
Topics: Animals; Disease Progression; Humans; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Metastasis; Peptide Hydrolases; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 10737043
DOI: No ID Found -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Jan 2013A 4-year-old boy presented with a painless swelling over the right pinna of 4 months' duration. Histopathologic examination of the excised mass revealed features of...
A 4-year-old boy presented with a painless swelling over the right pinna of 4 months' duration. Histopathologic examination of the excised mass revealed features of pilomatricoma-a rare, benign skin neoplasm arising from hair follicle matrix cells. The unusual location of the lesion over the pinna, despite its frequent occurrence in the head and neck, prompted this article. We discuss the etiology, clinical presentation, and management of pilomatricoma of the auricular region.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Ear Auricle; Ear Neoplasms; Hair Diseases; Humans; Male; Pilomatrixoma; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 23354890
DOI: 10.1177/014556131309200111 -
Toxicologic Pathology 1997Two hundred sixty-one neoplasms involving the skin and its appendages were observed in a total of 980 (490 of each sex) Long-Evans (LE) control rats of 7 carcinogenicity... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Two hundred sixty-one neoplasms involving the skin and its appendages were observed in a total of 980 (490 of each sex) Long-Evans (LE) control rats of 7 carcinogenicity studies. All studies were 2 yr in duration and were conducted in the years 1983 through 1994. Skin neoplasms were reevaluated and classified according to current criteria and nomenclature. The various neoplasm incidences were compared to those published for Sprague-Dawley (SD), Fischer-344 (F-344), and Wistar rats. The most common neoplasms involved the mammary glands, affecting 28% of LE females. This incidence is comparable to the 31% incidence reported for SD females. Mammary gland fibroadenomas were observed in 22% of LE females compared to 19-31% of SD, 7-29% of F-344, and 4-25% of Wistar females. Mammary gland adenocarcinomas occurred in 7% of LE females in our laboratory, while incidences of 9-17% of SD, 0-2% of F-344, and 1-13% of Wistar females are reported. In LE males, the incidences of mammary gland fibroadenomas (1%) and adenocarcinomas (0.6%) were comparable to the 0-3% reported recently in other strains. As is observed in other strains, the incidence of nonmammary gland skin neoplasms in LE males (11.4%) was greater than the incidence in females (2.7%). Fibromas were the most common nonmammary gland skin neoplasm and affected 3.3% of males and 0.6% of females. The incidences of fibromas in SD, F-344, and Wistar rats range from 0-7%, 0-3.2%, and 0-12%, respectively, in males and from 0-3.3%, 0-1.1%, and 0-4%, respectively, in females. Of the 4 strains, only SD males have more nonmammary gland epithelial than mesenchymal skin neoplasms. The difference between the LE and SD males can be attributed to the criteria used to classify keratoacanthomas. Only one keratoacanthoma was observed in LE rats in this review. Reevaluation of skin neoplasms found in 980 LE control rats and comparison of the resulting incidences with those of other strains demonstrated that most skin neoplasms in LE rats have comparable incidences to those reported for SD, F-344, and Wistar rats.
Topics: Animals; Female; Keratoacanthoma; Male; Mammary Neoplasms, Animal; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Sex Characteristics; Skin Neoplasms; Species Specificity; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 9323842
DOI: 10.1177/019262339702500513