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The Journal of Dermatological Treatment 2016Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) is a rare malignant cutaneous neoplasm presenting as a slow-growing, indurated nodule, papule or plaque. Clinically, the lesion can... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) is a rare malignant cutaneous neoplasm presenting as a slow-growing, indurated nodule, papule or plaque. Clinically, the lesion can blend into the surrounding skin, obscuring borders and consequently delaying diagnosis histologically. Surgical and histologic techniques that emphasize examination of all margins may optimize management through early diagnosis and prevention of recurrences.
OBJECTIVE
This review aims to assess the current surgical and histology techniques that result in lower rates of tumor recurrence and, consequently, better clinical outcomes.
METHODS
A literature search of the PubMed database was conducted to identify studies examining wide local excision (WLE), Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS), radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy in the treatment of MAC.
RESULTS
WLE had a high likelihood of positive margins and local recurrence. MMS was found to have the lowest recurrence rates. Definitive RT could be considered for elderly patients or those who are poor surgical candidates, as large surgical defects may be required to obtain free margins with either WLE or MMS. Chemotherapy was found to be ineffective.
CONCLUSION
Complete margin evaluation with MMS permits complete tumor removal with subsequently low recurrence rate.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Humans; Mohs Surgery; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Radiotherapy; Skin Neoplasms; Sweat Gland Neoplasms
PubMed: 26331917
DOI: 10.3109/09546634.2015.1089351 -
Revue de L'infirmiere Mar 2016Skin cancers represent a major public health problem. Cutaneous melanoma, the incidence of which is constantly increasing, has the particularity of metastasising when it... (Review)
Review
Skin cancers represent a major public health problem. Cutaneous melanoma, the incidence of which is constantly increasing, has the particularity of metastasising when it is detected too late. Its treatment at the metastatic stage has evolved significantly over recent years with the arrival of targeted therapies and immunotherapies which can increase patients' survival.
Topics: Humans; Melanoma; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Neoplasm Staging; Risk Factors; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 26944639
DOI: 10.1016/j.revinf.2015.12.022 -
International Journal of Surgical... Apr 2006We describe a primary skin neoplasm located in the left chest wall that closely resembled adenomatoid tumor of male and female genital tract. It occurred in a...
We describe a primary skin neoplasm located in the left chest wall that closely resembled adenomatoid tumor of male and female genital tract. It occurred in a 52-year-old woman who had undergone a left quadrantectomy with regional lymphadenectomy for invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast 7 years previously. The tumor involved the dermis and subcutaneous tissue and measured 0.7 cm in greatest diameter. Immunohistochemical evaluation showed strong positivity for cytokeratin pool and negativity for CD31, calretinin, WT-180, and for estrogen and progesterone receptors. We are unaware of a previous description of this morphologic pattern in a primary skin tumor, which we have interpreted as of skin adnexal and specifically of eccrine sweat gland origin.
Topics: Adenomatoid Tumor; Adnexal Diseases; Aged; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Ductal; Diagnosis, Differential; Eccrine Glands; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Neoplasms, Second Primary; Skin Neoplasms; Thoracic Wall
PubMed: 16703184
DOI: 10.1177/106689690601400215 -
International Journal of Dermatology Apr 2017As numbers of transplant recipients and survival rates increase, the vulnerability of this population to several malignancies also rises. Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC)... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
As numbers of transplant recipients and survival rates increase, the vulnerability of this population to several malignancies also rises. Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) carries the highest rates of morbidity and mortality in this population. To avoid these malignancies, it is necessary to identify particular risk factors in transplant recipients and to follow preventive protocols.
METHODS
The MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were reviewed using as keywords the medical subject headings (MeSH) "transplantation", "skin neoplasm" and "prevention". The search was limited to clinical trials, randomized clinical trials and case-control studies conducted during the previous 20 years.
RESULTS
The most important risk factors for the development of NMSCs in the transplant recipient population are cumulative ultraviolet radiation exposure, use of immunosuppressive agents (especially azathioprine as a photosensitizing agent) and infections by human papillomaviruses. The use of sun protection and retinoids were identified as possible protective factors. Other potential therapies, such as antioxidants, difluormethylornithine and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, require further study.
CONCLUSIONS
Patient risk factors for the development of NMSC should be reviewed during the transplant consultation. Individuals found to be at increased risk should undergo closer follow-up and preventive care counseling. This article proposes an algorithm for the prevention of NMSC.
Topics: Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Chemoprevention; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Immunosuppressive Agents; Organ Transplantation; Protective Factors; Risk Factors; Skin Neoplasms; Sunlight
PubMed: 27868187
DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13409 -
Clinical and Experimental Dermatology Apr 2022A clinicopathological correlation case of a rare cutaneous tumour, which demonstrated a very rare recurrence with uncertainty remaining over the long-term prognosis for...
A clinicopathological correlation case of a rare cutaneous tumour, which demonstrated a very rare recurrence with uncertainty remaining over the long-term prognosis for the patient. Click https://www.wileyhealthlearning.com/#/online-courses/a975ab43-2d48-46fb-8dba-7df9792fd778 for the corresponding questions to this CME article.
Topics: Humans; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Prognosis; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 34984725
DOI: 10.1111/ced.15050 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Nov 2023
Topics: Humans; S100 Proteins; Skin Neoplasms; Melanoma; Nevus, Pigmented
PubMed: 37495174
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.06.059 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Mar 1980Primary melanoma of the skin, once a rare tumor, has been increasing so rapidly in the past few decades that melanoma now has a higher incidence than Hodgkin's disease.... (Review)
Review
Primary melanoma of the skin, once a rare tumor, has been increasing so rapidly in the past few decades that melanoma now has a higher incidence than Hodgkin's disease. The early diagnosis and surgical treatment of melanoma are the only approach to date that has increased survival--chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiation therapy provide little or no benefit. Therefore, all physicians need to be on the alert for early melanoma. This guide is intended to provide the physician both with the tools to diagnose cutaneous melanoma and a suggested approach to its management. It is hoped that as this type of information becomes more widely disseminated, a continued improvement in early recognition and survival will be effected.
Topics: Biopsy; Female; Humans; Male; Melanoma; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Nevus, Pigmented; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Skin; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 6988471
DOI: 10.1016/s0190-9622(80)80001-6 -
Skin Research and Technology : Official... Sep 2019The use of different imaging modalities to assist in skin cancer diagnosis is a common practice in clinical scenarios. Different features representative of the lesion...
BACKGROUND
The use of different imaging modalities to assist in skin cancer diagnosis is a common practice in clinical scenarios. Different features representative of the lesion under evaluation can be retrieved from image analysis and processing. However, the integration and understanding of these additional parameters can be a challenging task for physicians, so artificial intelligence (AI) methods can be implemented to assist in this process. This bibliographic research was performed with the goal of assessing the current applications of AI algorithms as an assistive tool in skin cancer diagnosis, based on information retrieved from different imaging modalities.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The bibliography databases ISI Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus were used for the literature search, with the combination of keywords: skin cancer, skin neoplasm, imaging and classification methods.
RESULTS
The search resulted in 526 publications, which underwent a screening process, considering the established eligibility criteria. After screening, only 65 were qualified for revision.
CONCLUSION
Different imaging modalities have already been coupled with AI methods, particularly dermoscopy for melanoma recognition. Learners based on support vector machines seem to be the preferred option. Future work should focus on image analysis, processing stages and image fusion assuring the best possible classification outcome.
Topics: Algorithms; Artificial Intelligence; Dermoscopy; Forecasting; Humans; Microscopy; Photography; Skin Neoplasms; Spectrum Analysis
PubMed: 31106913
DOI: 10.1111/srt.12713 -
Acta Dermato-venereologica May 2020Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer and its incidence is increasing. The objective of this study was to describe the trends in reimbursed drug and hospital... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer and its incidence is increasing. The objective of this study was to describe the trends in reimbursed drug and hospital costs of benign and (pre)malignant skin tumours, and to present future projections. Therefore, nationwide hospital and drug reimbursement data (for the period 2007-17) were used. In 2017, malignant skin tumours were the 4th most costly cancer in the Netherlands (after breast, colorectal, and lung cancer). The total costs for skin tumours increased from €278 million for 384,390 patients (in 2007) to €465 million for 578,355 patients (in 2017). Drug costs increased from €0.7 million to €121 million (over the period 2007-17), resulting in a 26% share of overall costs in 2017. Future costs are projected to reach €1.35 billion in 2030. In conclusion, the increasing costs of skin cancer are strongly affected by the increasing incidence and introduction of expensive drugs, and future projections are for an alarming increase.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Databases, Factual; Drug Costs; Forecasting; Hospital Costs; Humans; Incidence; Insurance, Health, Reimbursement; Models, Economic; Netherlands; Skin Neoplasms; Time Factors
PubMed: 32189004
DOI: 10.2340/00015555-3463 -
Radiographics : a Review Publication of... 2002Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, highly malignant cutaneous tumor, primarily of the head and neck, that requires timely diagnosis, adequate staging, and aggressive... (Review)
Review
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, highly malignant cutaneous tumor, primarily of the head and neck, that requires timely diagnosis, adequate staging, and aggressive therapy. MCC tends to be overlooked in the early stage, has a high propensity for invading local and regional nodal basins, and exhibits a high postoperative recurrence rate, with distant thoracic, abdominal, and central nervous system metastases. Conventional radiography and cross-sectional imaging show lesions similar to those originating from other small cell carcinomas. Nuclear medicine procedures such as sentinel node scintigraphy, somatostatin receptor scintigraphy, and positron emission tomography may be used to supplement judicious cross-sectional imaging evaluation, thereby adding diagnostic value in staging and providing therapeutic guidance. Ultimately, however, the diagnosis relies exclusively on pathologic findings at immunohistochemical staining and electron microscopy. The rarity of MCC and the resulting insufficient awareness of this neoplasm often delay correct identification and treatment, which essentially consists of wide-margin surgical excision of the primary tumor and local and regional radiation therapy. To date, clinical information is still insufficient to fully appreciate the role of imaging in MCC management. A better imaging algorithm is expected with increased awareness and improved clinical understanding of this uncommon skin neoplasm.
Topics: Aged; Carcinoma, Merkel Cell; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Neoplasm Staging; Radionuclide Imaging; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 11896226
DOI: 10.1148/radiographics.22.2.g02mr14367