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Cureus May 2022is an aerobic, Gram-negative bacterium that is found widely in the environment and on hospital equipment. Although this organism usually causes infection in...
is an aerobic, Gram-negative bacterium that is found widely in the environment and on hospital equipment. Although this organism usually causes infection in immunocompromised patients, it may cause pulmonary disease in immunocompetent patients, in rare cases. We report a case of pneumonia complicated by empyema in an immunocompetent patient. We present a case of a 59-year-old female who was admitted for a congestive heart failure exacerbation and pneumonia. After imaging confirmed pneumonia and pleural effusion, monotherapy with levofloxacin was started. Thoracentesis revealed empyema caused by . Despite chest tube placement, thoracoscopy with decortication was required due to continued clinical deterioration. After surgical intervention and an adjusted antibiotic regimen of cefepime, the patient clinically improved and was discharged. Upon follow-up, she had recovered completely with no residual disease. Alongside a concise review of the literature, our study highlights the importance of this infection in immunocompetent patients and advises providers to identify causes of aspiration when empyema is diagnosed.
PubMed: 35693369
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24820 -
Current Eye Research Jun 2023To report the clinical presentations, complications, and outcomes of Sphingomonas paucimobilis-specific lacrimal drainage infections.
PURPOSE
To report the clinical presentations, complications, and outcomes of Sphingomonas paucimobilis-specific lacrimal drainage infections.
METHODS
A retrospective chart review of all patients diagnosed with lacrimal infections and managed at a tertiary care Dacryology Service from November 2015 to May 2022 over a 6.5-year period were recruited and analyzed. Data collected include demographic details, clinical presentation, microbiological diagnosis, antibiotic susceptibility profiles, management, complications, and outcomes. The microbiological techniques employed were aerobic and anaerobic cultures, phenotypic identification with VITEK 2 system, polymerase chain reaction, antibiotic sensitivity profile and minimal inhibitory concentration.
RESULTS
Twelve specific lacrimal drainage infections of 11 patients were identified. Of these five were canaliculitis and seven were acute dacryocystitis. All the seven acute dacryocystitis presented in an advanced stage; five were with lacrimal abscess and two with orbital cellulitis. The antibiotic susceptibility profile of canaliculitis and acute dacryocystitis were comparable and the organism was sensitive to several classes of antibiotics. The outcomes of punctal dilatation and nonincisional curettage were effective for canaliculitis. Patients with acute dacryocystitis had advanced clinical stage at presentation but responded well to intensive systemic management and had excellent anatomical and functional outcomes with dacryocystorhinostomy.
CONCLUSION
-specific lacrimal sac infections can have aggressive clinical presentations and need early and intensive therapy. The outcomes are excellent with multimodal management.
Topics: Humans; Sphingomonas; Canaliculitis; Retrospective Studies; Dacryocystitis; Dacryocystorhinostomy; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 36803078
DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2023.2183482 -
Communications Chemistry May 2023Proteorhodopsins (PRs), bacterial light-driven outward proton pumps comprise the first discovered and largest family of rhodopsins, they play a significant role in life...
Proteorhodopsins (PRs), bacterial light-driven outward proton pumps comprise the first discovered and largest family of rhodopsins, they play a significant role in life on the Earth. A big remaining mystery was that up-to-date there was no described bacterial rhodopsins pumping protons at acidic pH despite the fact that bacteria live in different pH environment. Here we describe conceptually new bacterial rhodopsins which are operating as outward proton pumps at acidic pH. A comprehensive function-structure study of a representative of a new clade of proton pumping rhodopsins which we name "mirror proteorhodopsins", from Sphingomonas paucimobilis (SpaR) shows cavity/gate architecture of the proton translocation pathway rather resembling channelrhodopsins than the known rhodopsin proton pumps. Another unique property of mirror proteorhodopsins is that proton pumping is inhibited by a millimolar concentration of zinc. We also show that mirror proteorhodopsins are extensively represented in opportunistic multidrug resistant human pathogens, plant growth-promoting and zinc solubilizing bacteria. They may be of optogenetic interest.
PubMed: 37130895
DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00884-8 -
Doklady. Biochemistry and Biophysics Nov 2020This work provides the first characteristics of the rhodopsin SpaR from Sphingomonas paucimobilis, aerobic bacteria associated with opportunistic infections. The...
This work provides the first characteristics of the rhodopsin SpaR from Sphingomonas paucimobilis, aerobic bacteria associated with opportunistic infections. The sequence analysis of SpaR has shown that this protein has unusual DTS motif which has never reported in rhodopsins from Proteobacteria. We report that SpaR operates as an outward proton pump at low pH; however, proton pumping is almost absent at neutral and alkaline pH. The photocycle of this rhodopsin in detergent micelles slows down with an increase in pH because of longer Schiff base reprotonation. Our results show that the novel microbial ion transporter SpaR of interest both as an object for basic research of membrane proteins and as a promising optogenetic tool.
Topics: Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Light; Optogenetics; Proton Pumps; Rhodopsin; Rhodopsins, Microbial; Sphingomonas
PubMed: 33368048
DOI: 10.1134/S1607672920060162 -
IDCases 2022is an aerobic, yellow-pigmented, glucose non-fermenting, gram negative bacillus that is a rare cause of human infection found mostly in the immunocompromised and also...
is an aerobic, yellow-pigmented, glucose non-fermenting, gram negative bacillus that is a rare cause of human infection found mostly in the immunocompromised and also in intravenous (IV) drug users. We report a case of a 31-year-old female with current IV drug use, who presented with chest pain and was diagnosed with tricuspid valve endocarditis with bacteremia and pulmonary infarction of the right middle lobe. The patient initially presented with sharp right sided chest pain. She was treated with meropenem and levofloxacin based on the susceptibility profile. Our purpose is to highlight the treatment options and raise awareness of this uncommon organism. Even though Sphingomonas is considered to be of low-pathogenicity, it can be fatal if not treated properly and not diagnosed early.
PubMed: 35070718
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2022.e01399 -
Iranian Journal of Microbiology Oct 2021is an opportunistic pathogen and was rarely encountered in clinical specimens previously. This study aimed to investigate the clinical features, associated...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
is an opportunistic pathogen and was rarely encountered in clinical specimens previously. This study aimed to investigate the clinical features, associated co-morbidities, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of infection in a tertiary hospital in Uttarakhand.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
isolates cultured from various sections of hospital and OPDs were identified and analyzed for their antibiograms in the microbiology laboratory for a duration of one year from January 2020 to December 2020.
RESULTS
was isolated from 49 samples (0.01%) out of 3792 samples processed in VITEK 2 Compact automated ID/AST instrument. The maximum number of isolates were obtained from urine samples (31%), followed by blood (24%). Septicemia (41%), meningitis (17%), lower respiratory tract infections and ventilator associated pneumonia (14%) constituted a major portion of infections caused by this organism. Diabetes mellitus (22%) and steroid usage (16%) were major associated co-morbid conditions. Third and Fourth generation cephalosporins like ceftriaxone (81%) and cefepime (86%) were found to be the most susceptible drugs whereas 61% of isolates were resistant to colistin.
CONCLUSION
This organism is an up-and-coming pathogen and should not be simply labeled as a contaminant. Although the organism is not grossly virulent and still might not be associated with serious life-threatening infections; however their evolving resistance patterns and increased spectrum of infections should be seriously taken into account.
PubMed: 34900159
DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v13i5.7425 -
Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and... 2013Sphingomonas paucimobilis is a causative agent of infection in immunocompromised patients, and healthcare-associated infection. Although the infections associated with...
Sphingomonas paucimobilis is a causative agent of infection in immunocompromised patients, and healthcare-associated infection. Although the infections associated with S.paucimobilis occurs rarely, it has been encountered with increasing frequency in clinical settings. In the current study we reported clinical features of the children with S.paucimobilis infection, and the antimicrobial susceptibilities of the isolated strains among the patients. This study was conducted in Dr. Behçet Uz Children's Hospital, Turkey, during the period of January 2005 and December 2012. The medical records of pediatric patients with positive cultures for S.paucimobilis were reviewed. Sphingomonas paucimobilis isolates were recovered from 24 pediatric patients. The median age was 4 years (ranging from 3 days infant to 15 years) and 58,3% were male. Eight (33,3%) of the patients were under 1 months of age. Among the patients; 13 (54,2%) infections were community related however 11(45.8%) infections were nosocomial infection. The median duration of hospital stay was 7 days (ranging from 4 to 22 days). The most effective antibiotics were fluoroquinolones, carbapenems, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. This is the first largest study in children to evaluate the clinical features of S. paucimobilis infections. Sphingomonas paucimobilis may cause infections in both previously healthy and immunocompromised children. Although variable antimicrobial regimens were achieved to the patients, there was no attributable fatality due to S.paucimobilis infections due to the low virulence of the bacteria.
PubMed: 23795278
DOI: 10.4084/MJHID.2013.040 -
Journal of Infection in Developing... Dec 2023Sphingomonas paucimobilis can be found in air, water systems, dialysis fluid, nebulizers and laboratory instruments in hospitals. Despite its low pathogenicity, it can...
INTRODUCTION
Sphingomonas paucimobilis can be found in air, water systems, dialysis fluid, nebulizers and laboratory instruments in hospitals. Despite its low pathogenicity, it can cause severe infections.
CASE REPORT
A 54-year-old man presented with fever, cough and pain in the right hemithorax. The laboratory results showed elevated inflammatory parameters. Chest radiography showed right upper lobe pneumonia. Empiric antibiotic therapy (cephalosporin) was prescribed. On control examination chest radiography showed incomplete regression. Chest computer tomography (CT) finding was bronchopneumonia in the right upper lobe. Bacteriological examination of fiberaspirate revealed Sphingomonas paucimobils. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was prescribed based on the antibiogram. After two weeks the control laboratory analysis was normal. The patient was fully recovered.
CONCLUSIONS
Our patient had no comorbidities or malignancies, and no hospitalization in the recent past. He had a dental intervention 5 days prior to the onset of symptoms. We propose that it was an infection after the dental intervention.
Topics: Male; Humans; Middle Aged; Sphingomonas; Pneumonia; Cephalosporins; Cough
PubMed: 38252718
DOI: 10.3855/jidc.18549 -
IDCases 2023This report describes a case of Sphingomonas paucimobilis bacteremia and infective endocarditis with a mycotic aneurysm in a young patient with Crohn's disease. Our...
This report describes a case of Sphingomonas paucimobilis bacteremia and infective endocarditis with a mycotic aneurysm in a young patient with Crohn's disease. Our patient reported prolonged intermittent fever followed by sudden hemiparesis and a tonic clonic convulsion. His blood cultures showed growth of , and further cardiac imaging revealed the presence of a vegetation with severe valvular regurgitation. Cerebral angiography showed middle cerebral artery occlusion and aneurysm. The patient was treated with meropenem for 6 weeks, coupled with aortic valve replacement, and coiling of the aneurysm. Our patient recovered with good results. is an opportunistic gram-negative pathogen of growing importance in the clinical setting.
PubMed: 36654734
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2023.e01687 -
Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports Apr 2021Sphingomonas paucimobilis is an opportunistic pathogen and a rare cause of human infection. This case report shows bacteremia with pyogenic spondylodiscitis in...
INTRODUCTION
Sphingomonas paucimobilis is an opportunistic pathogen and a rare cause of human infection. This case report shows bacteremia with pyogenic spondylodiscitis in lumbosacral spine caused by Sphingomonas and discusses its clinical diagnosis, treatment, and literature reviews.
CASE REPORT
Patient presented with severe low back pain, inability to walk and fever following a L5-S1 decompression elsewhere, which corresponded clinico-radiologically with a picture of a spondylodiscitis on radiographs, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography. His blood culture was positive for S. paucimobilis. He was treated successfully by surgical debridement, stabilization, and fusion along with intravenous Linezolid followed by oral therapy, based on the antibiotic susceptibility profile. Repeat blood culture was negative after 7 weeks of antibiotic therapy. Patient improved symptomatically with radiographs showing good fusion at 1 year follow-up. S. paucimobilis, though a low virulence organism, is an emerging pathogen and should be dealt with cautiously.
CONCLUSION
This reiterates the importance of culture as unusual organisms may be isolated and appropriate antibiotics form the mainstay of treatment.
PubMed: 34327174
DOI: 10.13107/jocr.2021.v11.i04.2166