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Scientific Data Nov 2019Complete genomes of xenobiotic-degrading microorganisms provide valuable resources for researchers to understand molecular mechanisms involved in bioremediation. Despite...
Complete genomes of xenobiotic-degrading microorganisms provide valuable resources for researchers to understand molecular mechanisms involved in bioremediation. Despite the well-known ability of Sphingomonas paucimobilis to degrade persistent xenobiotic compounds, a complete genome sequencing is lacking for this organism. In line with this, we report the first complete genome sequence of Sphingomonas paucimobilis (strain AIMST S2), an organophosphate and hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium isolated from oil-polluted soil at Kedah, Malaysia. The genome was derived from a hybrid assembly of short and long reads generated by Illumina HiSeq and MinION, respectively. The assembly resulted in a single contig of 4,005,505 bases which consisted of 3,612 CDS and 56 tRNAs. An array of genes involved in xenobiotic degradation and plant-growth promoters were identified, suggesting its' potential role as an effective microorganism in bioremediation and agriculture. Having reported the first complete genome of the species, this study will serve as a stepping stone for comparative genome analysis of Sphingomonas strains and other xenobiotic-degrading microorganisms as well as gene expression studies in organophosphate biodegradation.
Topics: Biodegradation, Environmental; Malaysia; Soil Microbiology; Sphingomonas; Whole Genome Sequencing; Xenobiotics
PubMed: 31767854
DOI: 10.1038/s41597-019-0289-x -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2022Due to the high propensity of drug resistance in , the number of currently available therapeutic drugs has become very limited. Thus, it becomes incredibly important to...
Due to the high propensity of drug resistance in , the number of currently available therapeutic drugs has become very limited. Thus, it becomes incredibly important to prepare an effective vaccine formulation capable of eliciting an effective immune response against . In this study, we prepared a liposomal vaccine formulation bearing glycosphingolipids (GSLs) from and loaded with the whole cell antigen (WCAgs-GSLs-liposomes) of . The immune-stimulating potential and prophylactic efficacy of WCAgs-GSLs-liposomes were compared with those of WCAgs-liposomes (without GSLs) or free WCAgs in both immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice. The efficacy of vaccine formulations was determined by analyzing antibody titer, cytokine levels, and survival studies in the immunized mice. The findings revealed that vaccination with WCAgs-GSLs-liposomes stimulated a greater secretion of antibodies and cytokines, higher lymphocyte proliferation, and increased expression of the co-stimulatory molecules. Anti-sera from WCAgs-GSLs-liposomes-immunized mice remarkably reduced the biofilm formation by . Most importantly, WCAgs-GSLs-liposomes-vaccinated mice demonstrated a higher defiance against the pathogen, as compared to the immunizations with WCAgs-liposomes (without GSLs) or free WCAgs. Immunocompetent mice immunized with WCAgs-GSLs-liposomes showed a 100% survival rate, while those immunized with WCAgs-liposomes exhibited a 60% survival rate. The protective effect of WCAgs-GSLs-liposomes was also found to be higher in immunocompromised mice, as the immunized mice showed a 50% survival rate, which was greater than the 20% survival rate of those immunized with WCAgs-liposomes. The survival data was also supported by the findings of bacterial load and histological analysis that substantiated the greatest prophylactic potential of the WCAgs-GSLs-liposomes. These findings recommend that WCAgs-GSLs-liposomes may be reckoned as a prospective vaccine to protect the persons against infection.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Acinetobacter baumannii; Liposomes; Glycosphingolipids; Pneumonia
PubMed: 36431892
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227790 -
IDCases 2018Sphingomonas paucimobilis is a strictly aerobic, non-spore-forming Gram-negative bacillus, ubiquitous bacterium, thought to be an opportunistic pathogen and is rarely...
Sphingomonas paucimobilis is a strictly aerobic, non-spore-forming Gram-negative bacillus, ubiquitous bacterium, thought to be an opportunistic pathogen and is rarely reported in clinical settings. Here in, is the first case report of Acute Sphingomonas phlebitis secondary to intravenous (IV) drug use. We present the case of a 39-year-old male who initially presented with pain in his right upper extremity, fevers and chills of three week duration. He admitted to regularly injecting heroin in his distal right upper extremity with visible erythema, tenderness and streaking along the path of vein along the injection site. Radiographic studies including X-ray of the right arm, ultrasound and a subsequent MRI of the right arm were not significant for any osteomyelitis, deep venous thrombus, abscess, cellulitis, osteomyelitis, or pyomyositis. Blood culture grew Sphingomonas paucimobilis. Patient was initially started on vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam and subsequently switched to levofloxacin to complete a 14 day course. Patient admitted to using toilet water to mix his heroin which we suspect may have been the source of his bacteremia. Since it was first reported in 1979, a wide variety of community-acquired and hospital-acquired infections have been attributed to this Sphingomonas. It is ubiquitous to natural environment. We believe that due to its widespread habitat and ability to survive in stress conditions it could be a potential future threat in the era of increasing antimicrobial resistance globally. More research needs to be done on early identification, pathogenesis, treatment and eradication of the organism.
PubMed: 29204353
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2017.11.006 -
Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science Jan 2022This report describes a case of coinfection of Sphingomonas paucimobilis meningitis and Listeria monocytogenes bacteremia in a 66-year-old immunocompetent female...
This report describes a case of coinfection of Sphingomonas paucimobilis meningitis and Listeria monocytogenes bacteremia in a 66-year-old immunocompetent female patient. The patient had undergone traditional procedures, including acupuncture, which possibly caused the coinfection. During treatment with susceptible antibiotics for bacterial meningitis, she developed hydrocephalus on the third day. Consequently, the patient recovered with a mild neurological deficit of grade 4 motor assessment in both upper and lower extremities at discharge. S. paucimobilis and L. monocytogenes are rare pathogens in developed countries, occurring only during environmental outbreaks. S. paucimobilis meningitis is rarely reported. Hence, the various presentations of S. paucimobilis meningitis and the antibiotic regimen for its treatment are hereby reported, in addition to a review of other similar reported cases. This case is a possible traditional procedure-related infection. Appropriate oversight and training should be emphasized regarding preventive measures of this kind of infection. A team approach with neurologists and neurosurgeons is imperative in treating patients with hydrocephalus-complicated meningitis.
PubMed: 34092053
DOI: 10.12701/yujm.2021.01074 -
Neurologia Medico-chirurgica 2014Sphingomonas paucimobilis is an aerobic gram-negative bacillus. The bacteria can cause infections, which can be devastating and, therefore, the patients need adequate...
Sphingomonas paucimobilis is an aerobic gram-negative bacillus. The bacteria can cause infections, which can be devastating and, therefore, the patients need adequate and early antibiotic cover. We are presenting an interesting case of meningitis secondary to an unusual S. paucimobilis infection. This is the second case to our knowledge in the literature on meningitis due to S. paucimobilis. The 31-year-old previously healthy man presented with 2 months' history of weight loss and loss of appetite. He had fever and headache for 3 weeks. He was also speaking irrelevantly for 3 weeks. He had change of behaviour for 1 day. The patient was a farmer and worked in the soil. On examination, he was not responding to questions and was not obeying commands. Computed tomography (CT) brain with contrast revealed meningeal enhancement and cerebral oedema. Lumbar puncture was performed. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) opening pressure was more than 50 cm H2O. CSF analysis showed meningitis picture with raised white cell count of 210/μL (predominantly neutrophils), glucose 3.1 mmol/L, and raised protein 2.47 g/L. He was given intravenous ceftriaxone. The following day, his condition deteriorated. CSF culture grew S. paucimobilis sensitive to ceftriaxone. S. paucimobilis causes severe meningitis. This can lead to hydrocephalus, which results in a need for extraventricular drainage. A good occupational history is important with regard to finding the aetiology of serious meningitis (including rare bacteria) even before the culture result is known. Appropriate treatment can be given early and adequately to prevent mortality.
Topics: Adult; Agricultural Workers' Diseases; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Brain Edema; Ceftriaxone; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Emergencies; Fatal Outcome; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Male; Meningitis, Bacterial; Sphingomonas; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 24201101
DOI: 10.2176/nmc.cr2012-0429 -
Autopsy & Case Reports 2014is an aerobic Gram-negative bacillus that, although rare in humans, most commonly infects immunocompromised and hospitalized patients. Among the 59 pediatric cases of...
is an aerobic Gram-negative bacillus that, although rare in humans, most commonly infects immunocompromised and hospitalized patients. Among the 59 pediatric cases of infection reported in the literature, the most common diagnosis involves isolated bacteremia. These cases are related to sporadic or epidemic infections. Death related to this infection occurred in only one case. The authors report a case of an 11-year-old boy with the diagnosis of Sphingomonas paucimobilis otomastoiditis and a thorough review of the literature on this infection in pediatrics. The patient presented a 20-day history of fever, otalgia, otorrhea, and progressive retroauricular swelling with protrusion of the left ear; despite 15 days of amoxicillin regimen. His past medical history included chronic bilateral otitis media, but no cause of immunosuppression was found. A brain computed tomography scan showed left otomastoiditis associated with a large circumscribed fluid collection with deep involvement of the soft tissues of the temporal region, including the subperiosteal space. Blood tests showed neutrophilia and elevated C-reactive protein. Surgical manipulation of the cited collection drained a large amount of a fetid purulent secretion. Ceftazidime and clindamycin were empirically initiated. The outcome was favorable, with fever defervescence and resolution of the scalp deformation. Culture of the drained secretion was positive for . Ciprofloxacin was scheduled for a further 10 days after discharge. The follow-up showed complete recovery. As far as we know, this is the first case of otomastoiditis, complicated with subperiosteal abscess in an immunocompetent child. The authors call attention to the increasing number of reports on infection over the years, and therefore to the importance of this pathogen, which was previously underestimated.
PubMed: 28573114
DOI: 10.4322/acr.2014.024 -
Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering May 20192-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) is a non-metabolizable glucose analogue and competitive inhibitor of glycolysis. Effect of 2-DG on gellan gum biosynthesis by Sphingomonas...
2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) is a non-metabolizable glucose analogue and competitive inhibitor of glycolysis. Effect of 2-DG on gellan gum biosynthesis by Sphingomonas paucimobilis ATCC31461 were studied in this research. The concentration and the addition time of 2-DG significantly affected the biomass and gellan gum accumulation. The maximum gellan gum yield of 20.78 g/L was obtained with the addition of 50 µg/L of 2-DG at 24 h. The mechanism of 2-DG addition favoring to gellan production was revealed by determining the activities of key enzymes. Results indicated that 2-DG addition increased the activities of glucosyltransferase and inhibited UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity. The result indicated that 2-DG inhibited glycolysis and changed metabolic driving force to activate gellan gum biosynthesis metabolism pathways.
Topics: Deoxyglucose; Glycolysis; Polysaccharides, Bacterial; Sphingomonas
PubMed: 30671627
DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02078-w -
BMJ Case Reports Apr 2018Empyema secondary to foreign body aspiration is rare in adults. We present a case of empyema in a 77-year-old male patient related to a remote aspiration event during a...
Empyema secondary to foreign body aspiration is rare in adults. We present a case of empyema in a 77-year-old male patient related to a remote aspiration event during a dental procedure. A CT of the chest and bronchoscopy confirmed that a metallic foreign body was located within the right lower lobe bronchus. His pleural fluid culture revealed which is a low-virulent opportunistic gram-negative bacilli and rarely causes infection. The patient received meropenem followed by levofloxacin and recovered uneventfully. The attempt of foreign body removal was failed due to chronic inflammation, and the patient refused further surgical management.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchoscopy; Empyema, Pleural; Foreign Bodies; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Levofloxacin; Lung; Male; Meropenem; Respiratory Aspiration; Sphingomonas; Thienamycins; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 29643137
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-223591 -
Brazilian Journal of Microbiology :... Sep 2023Silver (Ag) is currently obtained from primary and secondary sources through hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical processes. However, these processes consume high...
Silver (Ag) is currently obtained from primary and secondary sources through hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical processes. However, these processes consume high amounts of energy and are environmentally unfriendly. The search for bacteria tolerant with a high leaching capacity for to Ag is therefore a necessary requirement as part of the development of bioleaching technologies with reduced impact on the environment and lower energy expenditure. In this sense, the objective of this research was to evaluate the tolerance of Sphingomonas paucimobilis MX8 to Ag added to nutrient agar, and to determine whether this tolerance could favor the bioleaching of Ag present on the printed circuit boards (PCBs) of computer keyboards. The bacteria Sphingomonas paucimobilis MX8 was cultured in Petri dishes with nutrient agar and four different concentrations of AgNO (200, 400, 600, and 800 mg L) at 28 °C for 10 days. For the bioleaching experiment, the bacteria were grown in a mineral medium with computer keyboard PCBs for 30 days at room temperature (17 to 22 °C) and centrifugation at 150 rpm. The results indicate that Sphingomonas paucimobilis MX8 is tolerant to Ag and forms a silvery halo around its growth in the presence of this metal. Furthermore, Sphingomonas paucimobilis MX8 was able to bioleach 12% of the Ag found in computer keyboard PCBs. The results obtained could help generate more environmentally friendly silver bioleaching processes in which the silver bioleaching capacity of this bacterium is increased.
Topics: Silver; Agar; Recycling; Electronic Waste; Culture Media; Bacteria; Computers
PubMed: 37171535
DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-00994-4 -
Clinical Case Reports Jul 2023can cause infection in healthy people. As this bacterium is slow-growing, special attention should be paid to the timely diagnosis and control of its antibiotic...
KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE
can cause infection in healthy people. As this bacterium is slow-growing, special attention should be paid to the timely diagnosis and control of its antibiotic resistance to prevent the spread of resistant strains.
ABSTRACT
This study reports a case of ocular infection caused by and its treatment with various antibiotics. A middle-aged woman with prolonged purulent eye discharge was admitted to an ophthalmology clinic in Qazvin, Iran. A strain of was isolated from the patient. The sample was identified by Sanger sequencing of the 16s rRNA gene, and an antibiogram test was performed to determine its resistance profile. The patient was treated with ceftazidime and levofloxacin eye drops. The bacterial culture was negative 18 days after starting ceftazidime and levofloxacin treatment. The antibiogram results showed that the isolated bacterium was resistant to aminoglycosides and colistin. This study highlights that can cause disease even in immunocompetent individuals. Due to the different resistance profiles of this bacterium, treatment should be based on antibiogram results.
PubMed: 37476596
DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7715