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Scientific Reports Jul 2016Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli, such as Sphingomonas paucimobilis (S.paucimobilis), are among the most widespread causes of nosocomial infections. Up to now, no...
Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli, such as Sphingomonas paucimobilis (S.paucimobilis), are among the most widespread causes of nosocomial infections. Up to now, no definitive guidelines exist for antimicrobial therapy for S. paucimobilis infections. As we have shown that some dietary fibers exhibit pronounced immune-regulatory properties, we hypothesized that specific immune active dietary fibers might modulate the responses against S. paucimobilis. We studied the immunomodulatory effects of dietary fibers against S. paucimobilis on cytokine release and maturation of human dendritic cells (DCs) in co-cultures of DCs and intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). S. paucimobilis infection resulted in increased release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by DCs/IECs; these effects were strongly attenuated by specific dietary fibers. Chicory inulin, sugar beet pectin, and both starches had the strongest regulatory effects. IL-12 and TNF-α were drastically diminished upon exposure to chicory inulin and sugar beet pectin, or both starches. High-maize 260, was more effective in the reduction of chemokine release than the others fibers tested. In summary, chicory inulin, sugar beet pectin, High-maize 260, and Novelose 330 attenuate S. paucimobilis-induced cytokines. These results demonstrate that dietary fibers with a specific chemical composition can be used to manage immune responses against pathogens such as S. paucimobilis.
Topics: Coculture Techniques; Cross Infection; Dendritic Cells; Dietary Fiber; Epithelial Cells; Humans; Immunomodulation; Interleukin-12; Inulin; Pectins; Sphingomonas; Starch; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 27452116
DOI: 10.1038/srep30277 -
Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology 2014Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) carditis is treated with steroids, which can cause changes in the cellular immune response, especially decreased CD3 (+) T cells. Nosocomial...
Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) carditis is treated with steroids, which can cause changes in the cellular immune response, especially decreased CD3 (+) T cells. Nosocomial infections due to steroid use for treatment of ARF carditis or secondary to the changes in the cellular immune response have not been reported in the literature. Sphingomonas paucimobilis is a Gram-negative bacillus causing community- and hospital-acquired infections. It has been reported as causing bacteraemia/sepsis, pneumonia or peritonitis in patients with malignancies, immunosuppression or diabetes. We present a case with S. paucimobilis bacteraemia/sepsis and shock after administration of steroids for treatment of ARF carditis. We suggest early identification of the causative agent and appropriate adjustments of the treatment plan to avoid shock and possible mortality. This is the first reported case of S. paucimobilis bacteraemia/sepsis in the setting of steroid use for ARF carditis.
Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antigens, CD; Echocardiography; Female; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Lymphocyte Subsets; Radiography, Thoracic; Rheumatic Heart Disease; Shock, Septic; Sphingomonas; Steroids
PubMed: 25297038
DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.142253 -
Journal of Drug Targeting Sep 2018Natural Killer T (NKT) cells play an important role in host's anti-tumour immune response. Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) isolated from Sphingomonas paucimobilis have the...
Natural Killer T (NKT) cells play an important role in host's anti-tumour immune response. Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) isolated from Sphingomonas paucimobilis have the ability to stimulate NKT cells. In this study, the activity of free GSLs or GSLs-incorporated liposomes (glycosphingosomes) was investigated against dimethyl-α-benzanthracene (DMBA)-induced tumours in mice. The anti-tumour immunity of GSLs- or glycosphingosomes-loaded bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) was investigated in tumour-bearing mice. The Immunotherapeutic potential of co-administration of liposomal doxorubicin (Lip-Dox) and GSLs or glycosphingosomes was assessed by measuring cytokine levels and VEGF in the tumour tissues. Pretreatment with glycosphingosomes significantly delayed the frequency of tumour formation. Immunotherapy with glycosphingosomes-loaded BMDCs increased serum IFN-γ level and survival rate in mice. The effect of immunotherapy was dependent on effector functions of NK cells because the depletion of NK cells abolished the effects of immunotherapy. There was reduced tumour growth with low expression of VEGF in the group of mice treated with glycosphingosomes and Lip-Dox combination. Moreover, the splenocytes secreted higher levels of IFN-γ, IL-12 and lower TGF-β level. The results of this study indicate that glycosphingosomes can induce better antitumour immunity and may be considered a novel formulation in antitumour therapy.
Topics: Animals; Female; Glycosphingolipids; Liposomes; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neoplasms, Experimental; Sphingomonas
PubMed: 29307241
DOI: 10.1080/1061186X.2018.1424857 -
Case Reports in Infectious Diseases 2020A 47-year-old male with no significant medical history was hospitalized for bacteremia and diagnosed with endocarditis. The organism isolated was a Gram-negative...
A 47-year-old male with no significant medical history was hospitalized for bacteremia and diagnosed with endocarditis. The organism isolated was a Gram-negative bacillus-. There are only a few reported cases of endocarditis caused by , and to our knowledge, this is the first in the United States.
PubMed: 33101743
DOI: 10.1155/2020/7185834 -
Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and... Mar 2023Over the past 20 years, scattered reports have emerged about a low virulence, gram negative bacillus, Sphingomonas paucimobilis, causing unpredictable clinical...
Over the past 20 years, scattered reports have emerged about a low virulence, gram negative bacillus, Sphingomonas paucimobilis, causing unpredictable clinical presentations of endophthalmitis. Previous reports have characterised the organism as being resistant to aggressive treatment and prone to recurrence up to several months later, with few warning signs of any residual infection. We report a case of a 75 year-old male who returned 10 days after a left eye cataract surgery with an atypical, indolent endophthalmitis. He was treated with broad-spectrum intravitreal antibiotics and vitrectomy, and despite initial improvement, the patient suffered a recurrence after 2 weeks, necessitating successive rounds of intravitreal antibiotics. While our patient was able to achieve an excellent final visual acuity of 6/9, there are several cases in the literature reporting similar cases with much worse visual outcomes. Further research is required to elucidate early warning signs that may indicate a recurrence of S. paucimobilis infection, and the underlying mechanism by which it is resistant to standard endophthalmitis therapy. Alongside this case, we review and summarise the literature on postoperative endophthalmitis involving this organism.
PubMed: 36872422
DOI: 10.1186/s12348-023-00325-6 -
The New England Journal of Medicine Aug 2019
Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Adult; Aged; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled; Bacteremia; Drug Contamination; Female; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Hydromorphone; Iatrogenic Disease; Male; Middle Aged; Prescription Drug Diversion; Sphingomonas; Water Microbiology; Water Supply
PubMed: 31390506
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMc1902973 -
American Journal of Infection Control May 2016
Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Child; Female; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Hemangioma; Humans; Pacemaker, Artificial; Prosthesis-Related Infections; Sphingomonas
PubMed: 26781221
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2015.11.023 -
Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and... May 2023
PubMed: 37126159
DOI: 10.1186/s12348-023-00346-1 -
Medecine Et Maladies Infectieuses Jan 2012
Topics: Agammaglobulinemia; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Catheter-Related Infections; Catheterization, Central Venous; Cross Infection; Drug Contamination; Equipment Contamination; Female; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Lymphoma, Follicular; Male; Middle Aged; Multiple Myeloma; Neutropenia; Postoperative Complications; Sphingomonas; Young Adult
PubMed: 22075255
DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2011.10.002 -
Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering Sep 2016A chemostat was operated to characterize degradation of bisphenol A by Sphingomonas paucimobilis FJ-4. The chemostat at 30°C was fed with a medium containing...
A chemostat was operated to characterize degradation of bisphenol A by Sphingomonas paucimobilis FJ-4. The chemostat at 30°C was fed with a medium containing 150 mg L(-1) of BPA as the sole carbon and energy source. At the short cell retention time of 8 h, the bacterial cells were washed out from the chemostat. At long cell retention times of 12, 16, 24, and 48 h, steady-states of the bacterial growth on BPA degradation were achieved after a lag time of 16-57 h. A mathematical model was applied to evaluate the BPA degradation ability of strain FJ-4. The maximum specific degradation rate, the half saturation constant, the cell yield, and the specific decay rate were estimated respectively as 0.46 mg-BPA (mg-VSS h)(-1), 13.1 mg L(-1), 0.39 mg-VSS mg-BPA(-1), and 0.0014 h(-1).
Topics: Benzhydryl Compounds; Biodegradation, Environmental; Bioreactors; Kinetics; Phenols; Sphingomonas; Time Factors
PubMed: 27038671
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2016.02.015