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Lancet (London, England) Jun 2018
Topics: Animals; Helminthiasis; Soil; Strongyloides stercoralis
PubMed: 29900870
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30858-4 -
Annals of Hematology Apr 2021
Topics: Abdomen; Aged; Animals; Antiparasitic Agents; Blood Cell Count; Bronchoscopy; Daptomycin; Enterococcus faecium; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunotherapy; Ivermectin; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell; Male; Stem Cell Transplantation; Strongyloides stercoralis; Strongyloidiasis; Thiabendazole; Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 32372147
DOI: 10.1007/s00277-020-04049-8 -
International Journal of Molecular... Feb 2021Strongyloidiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by the intestinal nematode and characterized by gastrointestinal and pulmonary involvement. We report a...
Strongyloidiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by the intestinal nematode and characterized by gastrointestinal and pulmonary involvement. We report a pediatric case of strongyloidiasis to underline the response of the host microbiota to the perturbation induced by the nematode. We performed a 16S rRNA-metagenomic analysis of the gut microbiota of a 7-year-old female during and after infection, investigating three time-point of stool samples' ecology: T- during parasite infection, T- a month after parasite infection, and T- two months after parasite infection. Targeted-metagenomics were used to investigate ecology and to predict the functional pathways of the gut microbiota. an increase in the alpha-diversity indices in T-T samples was observed compared to T and healthy controls (CTRLs). Beta-diversity analysis showed a shift in the relative abundance of specific gut bacterial species from T to T samples. Moreover, the functional prediction of the targeted-metagenomics profiles suggested an enrichment of microbial glycan and carbohydrate metabolisms in the T sample compared with CTRLs. The herein report reinforces the literature suggestion of a putative direct or immune-mediated ability of to promote the increase in bacterial diversity.
Topics: Animals; Biodiversity; Child; Cluster Analysis; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Phylogeny; Principal Component Analysis; Strongyloides stercoralis; Strongyloidiasis
PubMed: 33669932
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042131 -
Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) 2022The association between diabetes and Strongyloides infection remains controversial. This study aimed to detect Strongyloides stercoralis DNA in the feces of patients...
OBJECTIVE
The association between diabetes and Strongyloides infection remains controversial. This study aimed to detect Strongyloides stercoralis DNA in the feces of patients with Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (DM2).
METHODS
Fecal samples were analyzed via the Lutz, Rugai, and agar plate culture methods. PCR amplification was performed using two targets (PCR-genus and PCR-species) located on the S. stercoralis 18S ribosomal.
RESULTS
The positivity for S. stercoralis using parasitological methods was 1.1%. PCR-genus (14.13%) demonstrated a higher positivity than PCR-species (9.78%).
CONCLUSION
The results confirm the greater positivity of the molecular diagnosis in relation to parasitological methods, reinforcing its use as an additional tool for the diagnosis of S. stercoralis infection in patients with DM2 living in endemic areas for this helminthiasis.
Topics: Animals; DNA; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Feces; Humans; Strongyloides stercoralis; Strongyloidiasis
PubMed: 35834919
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2022.100060 -
Parasitology International Jun 2014Little is known about the genetic variability of the soil-transmitted nematode, Strongyloides stercoralis, in humans. We sequenced portions of the small subunit rDNA...
Little is known about the genetic variability of the soil-transmitted nematode, Strongyloides stercoralis, in humans. We sequenced portions of the small subunit rDNA (SSU), including the hyper variable regions (HVR) I and IV from S. stercoralis larvae derived from individuals living in a rural setting in Cambodia. We identified three polymorphic positions, including a previously reported one within the HVR I. HVR IV was invariable. Six different SSU alleles existed in our sample. Although different genotypes of S. stercoralis were found in the same individuals, no heterozygous larvae were found. This indicates that there is no or very little interbreeding between the different genotypes. Further studies are needed to examine if this is because sexual reproduction, which is facultative, is rare in our study area's S. stercoralis population or because what is considered to be S. stercoralis today is actually a complex of closely related species or subspecies.
Topics: Animals; Base Sequence; Cambodia; DNA, Helminth; Female; Genotype; Humans; Larva; Molecular Sequence Data; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S; Strongyloides stercoralis; Strongyloidiasis
PubMed: 24530857
DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2014.01.010 -
Transplant Infectious Disease : An... Aug 2018Strongyloidiasis can occur without any symptoms or as a potentially fatal hyperinfection or disseminated infection, principally in immunosuppressed patients. Our study...
Strongyloidiasis can occur without any symptoms or as a potentially fatal hyperinfection or disseminated infection, principally in immunosuppressed patients. Our study aimed to evaluate the application of conventional polymerase chain reaction (cPCR) and real-time PCR (qPCR). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR (qPCR) targeting the 18S rRNA gene for detection of Strongyloides stercoralis infection among transplant candidates were applied in stool samples obtained from 150 transplant candidates, preliminarily analyzed by parasitological methods. S. stercoralis larvae were visualized in 15/150 (10.0%) transplant candidates by parasitological methods. DNA from S. stercoralis was amplified in 26/150 (17.3%) and 49/150 (32.7%) stool samples of transplant candidates, using cPCR and qPCR, respectively. The results suggest that molecular methods, especially qPCR, should be used as an additional tool for diagnostic of S. stercoralis infection among transplant candidates.
Topics: Animals; Brazil; DNA, Helminth; Feces; Genes, rRNA; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Larva; Prevalence; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Strongyloides stercoralis; Strongyloidiasis; Transplantation
PubMed: 29679429
DOI: 10.1111/tid.12909 -
Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Aug 2012This review discusses the latest approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with strongyloidiasis, with an emphasis on infection in the immunocompromised host... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
This review discusses the latest approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with strongyloidiasis, with an emphasis on infection in the immunocompromised host and the risk for disseminated strongyloidiasis.
RECENT FINDINGS
The differences in acute, chronic, accelerated autoinfection, and disseminated disease in Strongyloides stercoralis infection are explored with particular emphasis on early diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. The goals of treatment are investigated for the different infection states. Predisposing risks for dissemination are delineated, and the roles played for newer diagnostics in the identification of at-risk individuals are detailed.
SUMMARY
The use of newer diagnostic tests and broader screening of immunocompromised patients from Strongyloides-endemic areas is of paramount importance, particularly if prevention of life-threatening dissemination is the goal.
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Antinematodal Agents; Chronic Disease; Early Diagnosis; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunosuppressive Agents; Risk Factors; Strongyloides stercoralis; Strongyloidiasis
PubMed: 22691685
DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0b013e3283551dbd -
Diagnostic Cytopathology Sep 2015Strongyloidiasis is associated with Strongyloides stercoralis, an intestinal nematode with greater prevalence in tropical and subtropical regions. Hyperinfection...
Strongyloidiasis is associated with Strongyloides stercoralis, an intestinal nematode with greater prevalence in tropical and subtropical regions. Hyperinfection syndrome with dissemination may occur in immunosuppressed individuals. However, invasion of peritoneal cavity with peritoneal effusion is rarely reported in the literature. We report a case of S. stercoralis hyperinfection in a young alcoholic patient with Diabetes mellitus, liver disease and ascites. Diagnostic paracentesis showed numerous filariform larvae of S. stercoralis against a background of eosinophils.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Animals; Anthelmintics; Ascites; Ascitic Fluid; Eosinophilia; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Male; Peritoneal Cavity; Strongyloides stercoralis; Strongyloidiasis; Young Adult
PubMed: 26097138
DOI: 10.1002/dc.23281 -
Pathology Feb 2022
Comparative Study
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Helminth; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Immunoglobulin G; Laboratories; Retrospective Studies; Strongyloides stercoralis; Strongyloidiasis
PubMed: 34049713
DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2021.03.002 -
Scientific Reports Apr 2021The human and canine parasitic nematode Strongyloides stercoralis utilizes an XX/XO sex determination system, with parasitic females reproducing by mitotic...
The human and canine parasitic nematode Strongyloides stercoralis utilizes an XX/XO sex determination system, with parasitic females reproducing by mitotic parthenogenesis and free-living males and females reproducing sexually. However, the genes controlling S. stercoralis sex determination and male development are unknown. We observed precocious development of rhabditiform males in permissive hosts treated with corticosteroids, suggesting that steroid hormones can regulate male development. To examine differences in transcript abundance between free-living adult males and other developmental stages, we utilized RNA-Seq. We found two clusters of S. stercoralis-specific genes encoding predicted transmembrane proteins that are only expressed in free-living males. We additionally identified homologs of several genes important for sex determination in Caenorhabditis species, including mab-3, tra-1, fem-2, and sex-1, which may have similar functions. However, we identified three paralogs of gld-1; Ss-qki-1 transcripts were highly abundant in adult males, while Ss-qki-2 and Ss-qki-3 transcripts were highly abundant in adult females. We also identified paralogs of pumilio domain-containing proteins with sex-specific transcripts. Intriguingly, her-1 appears to have been lost in several parasite lineages, and we were unable to identify homologs of tra-2 outside of Caenorhabditis species. Together, our data suggest that different mechanisms control male development in S. stercoralis and Caenorhabditis species.
Topics: Animals; Caenorhabditis; Female; Genes, Helminth; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Helminth Proteins; Male; Models, Genetic; Sex Determination Processes; Strongyloides stercoralis; Transcription, Genetic
PubMed: 33859232
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87478-3