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Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and... Jul 2023Subtalar arthroscopy is being more commonly utilized by surgeons who perform foot and ankle arthroscopy. The joint can be entered from an anterior lateral or posterior... (Review)
Review
Subtalar arthroscopy is being more commonly utilized by surgeons who perform foot and ankle arthroscopy. The joint can be entered from an anterior lateral or posterior approach. There is unique pathology in the joint that can be repaired through an arthroscopic approach.
Topics: Humans; Arthroscopy; Subtalar Joint; Lower Extremity; Ankle Joint
PubMed: 37236681
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpm.2023.03.001 -
Foot and Ankle Clinics Sep 2018
Topics: Arthrodesis; Arthroscopy; Biomechanical Phenomena; Fractures, Bone; Humans; Joint Instability; Subtalar Joint; Talus
PubMed: 30097088
DOI: 10.1016/j.fcl.2018.05.001 -
Foot and Ankle Clinics Sep 2018Subtalar joint biomechanics are primarily driven by the shape of the articulations with contributions from the surrounding soft tissues. The joint motion occurs about a... (Review)
Review
Subtalar joint biomechanics are primarily driven by the shape of the articulations with contributions from the surrounding soft tissues. The joint motion occurs about a single axis oriented medially and superiorly. Joint contact forces change during different stages of gait and are affected by hindfoot alignment and traumatic alterations to their normal anatomy. A valgus subtalar joint axis is likely a contributing, and perhaps primary, risk factor for progression to adult acquired flat foot. The subtalar joint axis also contributes to the clinical picture of a cavus foot and a special subset of patients with dynamic varus.
Topics: Biomechanical Phenomena; Gait; Humans; Subtalar Joint; Weight-Bearing
PubMed: 30097078
DOI: 10.1016/j.fcl.2018.04.002 -
Foot & Ankle International Dec 1995Dislocations of the subtalar joint are rare injuries. The anatomy, pathophysiology, treatment, and prognosis of subtalar joint dislocations have been well described in... (Review)
Review
Dislocations of the subtalar joint are rare injuries. The anatomy, pathophysiology, treatment, and prognosis of subtalar joint dislocations have been well described in the literature. The purpose of this paper is to review the current literature on subtalar joint dislocations, as well as outline those aspects of the anatomy, pathomechanics, and treatment pertinent to care of the patient with subtalar joint dislocation. In addition, complications and obstacles to reduction are described. Subtalar joint dislocations, although not common, have increased in frequency over the last decade. Generally, they can be treated successfully with closed reduction and a short period of cast immobilization. The majority of patients will suffer some disability with subtalar joint stiffness the primary complaint. Associated intra-articular fractures increase the risk of posttraumatic arthrosis.
Topics: Biomechanical Phenomena; Follow-Up Studies; Foot Injuries; Humans; Joint Dislocations; Manipulation, Orthopedic; Subtalar Joint; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 8749354
DOI: 10.1177/107110079501601212 -
Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and... Jul 2023The arthroscopic approach provides a manageable postoperative course in terms of wound healing, pain control, and bone healing when compared with an open procedure. In... (Review)
Review
The arthroscopic approach provides a manageable postoperative course in terms of wound healing, pain control, and bone healing when compared with an open procedure. In particular, posterior arthroscopic subtalar joint arthrodesis (PASTA) allows a reproducible and viable alternative to standard lateral-portal subtalar joint (STJ) arthrodesis without violating sinus or canalis tarsi neurovascular structures. Additionally, those patients who have undergone previous total ankle arthroplasty, arthrodesis, or talonavicular joint arthrodesis may be better served with PASTA over open arthrodesis if STJ fusion becomes necessary. This article describes the unique PASTA surgical procedure and its helpful tips and pearls.
Topics: Humans; Subtalar Joint; Arthroscopy; Arthrodesis; Ankle; Ankle Joint
PubMed: 37236684
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpm.2023.02.002 -
Foot and Ankle Clinics Sep 2018The subtalar joint is divided into the talocalcaneonavicular and the talocalcaneal joint, separated by a conical interosseous tunnel (canalis and sinus tarsi). The... (Review)
Review
The subtalar joint is divided into the talocalcaneonavicular and the talocalcaneal joint, separated by a conical interosseous tunnel (canalis and sinus tarsi). The talocalcaneonavicular joint is a ball-and-socket articulation (coxa pedis). An important part of the coxa pedis is the spring ligament. The canalis and sinus tarsi are occupied by the roots of the inferior extensor retinaculum, cervical ligament, interosseous talocalcaneal ligament, and anterior talocalcaneal ligament. Three-dimensional motion in the subtalar joint complex (eversion/inversion) is guided by the axial alignment of the talus, calcaneus, and navicular; the ligaments; and the shape of the articular surfaces.
Topics: Humans; Ligaments, Articular; Subtalar Joint
PubMed: 30097077
DOI: 10.1016/j.fcl.2018.04.001 -
Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and... Jan 2012Isolated subtalar joint arthrodesis has gained popularity more recently. Research has shown that it preserves rearfoot motion, does not increase the risk of arthritis in... (Review)
Review
Isolated subtalar joint arthrodesis has gained popularity more recently. Research has shown that it preserves rearfoot motion, does not increase the risk of arthritis in adjacent joints, and is not an especially complex operative procedure. It decreases the chance of midtarsal joint nonunion and malunion postoperatively. This article takes an in-depth approach to isolated talocalcaneal fusions. Anatomy and biomechanics of the subtalar joint are reviewed. Clinical presentation and radiologic evaluation are discussed. Conservative treatment, operative technique, and postoperative management are included.
Topics: Arthrodesis; Biomechanical Phenomena; Humans; Radiography; Subtalar Joint
PubMed: 22243570
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpm.2011.09.003 -
Foot and Ankle Clinics Sep 2018Subtalar joint stability is ensured by the osseous geometry of the talocalcaneal joint and the complex array of the ligaments at the medial and lateral aspect of the... (Review)
Review
Subtalar joint stability is ensured by the osseous geometry of the talocalcaneal joint and the complex array of the ligaments at the medial and lateral aspect of the ankle joint, the sinus and canalis tarsi, and the talocalcaneonavicular joint, respectively. There is still a substantial lack of knowledge about the interaction of the ankle and subtalar joint complex. Subtalar joint instability appears to be more frequent than is generally assumed. The diagnosis of chronic subtalar joint instability makes the application of a comprehensive algorithm necessary. There is ongoing debate about the preferable techniques for restoration of subtalar joint stability.
Topics: Biomechanical Phenomena; Humans; Joint Instability; Ligaments, Articular; Subtalar Joint
PubMed: 30097081
DOI: 10.1016/j.fcl.2018.04.005 -
Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and... Jun 2011Subtalar joint arthroscopy can be performed on a wide array of pathology. The procedure has progressed from a diagnostic test to a reconstructive procedure. Although it... (Review)
Review
Subtalar joint arthroscopy can be performed on a wide array of pathology. The procedure has progressed from a diagnostic test to a reconstructive procedure. Although it is not as popular as ankle arthroscopy, it is becoming more commonly discussed in the literature and is part of many arthroscopy courses. Better education along with improved instrumentation will allow more foot and ankle surgeons to treat pathology of the subtalar joint with arthroscopic techniques. This will lead to improved outcomes and lower complication rates in treating that pathology.
Topics: Arthrodesis; Arthroscopes; Arthroscopy; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Joint Diseases; Male; Postoperative Complications; Radiography; Recovery of Function; Risk Assessment; Severity of Illness Index; Subtalar Joint; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 21777784
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpm.2011.05.005 -
Journal of the American Podiatric... Mar 2021A survey of pathology present in the subtalar joint by means of subtalar arthroscopy with anterolateral and middle portals has not been extensively explored in the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
A survey of pathology present in the subtalar joint by means of subtalar arthroscopy with anterolateral and middle portals has not been extensively explored in the literature. The focus of this study was to identify pathology in the subtalar joint with subtalar joint arthroscopy using this approach. We also compared these arthroscopic findings with those reported in the literature.
METHODS
We performed a retrospective review of 49 consecutive patients who had undergone 53 subtalar arthroscopic procedures. Data were obtained from intraoperative arthroscopic findings that were documented in the operative note or with arthroscopic photography. Additional procedures, including ankle arthroscopy, lateral ankle stabilization, and peroneal tendon repair, were recorded. Descriptive statistics were calculated and reported.
RESULTS
Subtalar arthroscopic examination revealed that all of the patients had intra-articular synovitis or adhesions present. Twenty-two procedures (42%) demonstrated subtalar joint instability, seven (13%) revealed chondromalacia, and one (2%) had an exostosis present. These observations are consistent with other reported findings in the literature.
CONCLUSIONS
This study found that the subtalar joint was most often affected by synovitis, adhesions, and instability in patients with symptomatic pathologies requiring subtalar arthroscopy. There was a relatively low incidence of chondromalacia or exostosis formation in the survey.
Topics: Ankle Joint; Arthroscopy; Bone Neoplasms; Humans; Retrospective Studies; Subtalar Joint
PubMed: 31549854
DOI: 10.7547/19-071