Did you mean: sulfoglycosphingolipids
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The Journals of Gerontology. Series A,... Sep 2022
Topics: Longevity; Sulfoglycosphingolipids
PubMed: 35666628
DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac126 -
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta Aug 2006Emerging information on sphingolipid metabolism and signaling is leading to a better understanding of cellular processes such as apoptosis, cancer, cell survival and... (Review)
Review
Emerging information on sphingolipid metabolism and signaling is leading to a better understanding of cellular processes such as apoptosis, cancer, cell survival and aging. In this review, we discuss the involvement of sphingolipids in these processes and focus on underlying mechanisms based on sphingolipid:protein interactions. Due to the inherent difficulty of studying lipids, we discuss techniques that are useful in the elucidation of these interactions. We classify sphingolipid-binding proteins into four main classes: receptor, effector, enzyme, and transporter. Known structures of sphingolipid-binding proteins are surveyed, and sphingolipid-binding characteristics are described, acknowledging the limitations that there are presently insufficient protein:sphingolipid complexes for more definitive conclusions on this topic. Finally we summarize relevant literature to better inform the reader about sphingolipid:protein interactions.
Topics: Animals; Carrier Proteins; Ceramides; Humans; Lipid Metabolism; Models, Biological; Models, Molecular; Molecular Structure; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Signal Transduction; Sphingolipids; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase; Sulfoglycosphingolipids
PubMed: 16901751
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2006.06.004 -
Talanta Jan 2024Aging and neurodegenerative disease are accompanied by lipid perturbations in the brain. Understanding the changes in the contents and functional activity of lipids...
MALDI mass spectrometry imaging discloses the decline of sulfoglycosphingolipid and glycerophosphoinositol species in the brain regions related to cognition in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Aging and neurodegenerative disease are accompanied by lipid perturbations in the brain. Understanding the changes in the contents and functional activity of lipids remains a challenge not only because of the many areas in which lipids perform bioactivities but also because of the technical limitations in identifying lipids and their metabolites. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate how brain lipids are altered in Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like pathology by using mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). The spatial distributions and relative abundances of lipids in the brains were compared between APP/PS1 mice and their age-matched wild-type (WT) mice by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) MSI assays. The comparisons were correlated with the analysis using a spectrophotometric method to determine the relative contents of sulfatides in different brain regions. Significant changes of brain lipids between APP/PS1 and WT mice were identified: eight sulfoglycosphingolipid species, namely, sulfatides/sulfated hexosyl ceramides (ShexCer) and two glycerophosphoinositol (GroPIn) species, PI 36:4 and PI 38:4. The declines in the spatial distributions of these ShexCer and GroPIn species in the APP/PS1 mice brains were associated with learning- and memory-related brain regions. Compared with young WT mice, aged WT mice showed significant decreases in the levels of these ShexCer and GroPIn species. Our results provide technical clues for assessing the impact of brain lipid metabolism on the senescent and neurodegenerative brain. The decline in sulfatides and GroPIns may be crucial markers during brain senescence and AD pathology. Appropriate lipid complementation might be important potentials as a therapeutic strategy for AD.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Sulfoglycosphingolipids; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Alzheimer Disease; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Brain; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Ceramides; Sulfates
PubMed: 37619472
DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125022 -
Advances in Experimental Medicine and... 2019Myelin is heavily enriched in lipids (comprising approximately 70% of its dry weight), and the amount of cholesterol and glycolipids is higher than in any other cell... (Review)
Review
Myelin is heavily enriched in lipids (comprising approximately 70% of its dry weight), and the amount of cholesterol and glycolipids is higher than in any other cell membrane. Galactocerebroside (GalC) and its sulfated form, sulfatide, comprise the major glycolipid components of myelin. Their functional significance has been extensively studied using membrane models, cell culture, and in vivo experiments in which either GalC/sulfatide or sulfatide is deficient. From these studies, GalC and sulfatide have been distinctly localized within oligodendrocytes and their specific function in myelin has been elucidated. Here, the function of sulfatide in axo-glial interactions in myelin-forming cells as well as within myelin and its potential mechanisms of action are discussed.
Topics: Axons; Humans; Myelin Sheath; Neuroglia; Oligodendroglia; Sulfoglycosphingolipids
PubMed: 31760644
DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9636-7_11 -
Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark... Dec 2022Particular molecules play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases. We suggest that the C24:0 sulfatide isoform may influence the development of... (Review)
Review
Particular molecules play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases. We suggest that the C24:0 sulfatide isoform may influence the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). C24:0 sulfatide is a sphingolipid with a long carbon-atom chain. A C16:0 sulfatide isoform is also present in the insulin-producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. The C16:0 isoform exhibits chaperone activity and plays an important role in insulin production. In contrast, the C24:0 isoform may suppress the autoimmune attacks on beta cells that lead to T1D. Sphingolipid levels are reduced in individuals who later develop T1D but could be increased via dietary supplements or medication.
Topics: Humans; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Sulfoglycosphingolipids; Insulin-Secreting Cells; Insulin; Protein Isoforms
PubMed: 36624946
DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2712331 -
Neurochemical Research Jul 2023Sulfatides are unique sphingolipids present in the serum and the plasma membrane. Sulfatides exert important functions in a number of systems in the human body,... (Review)
Review
Sulfatides are unique sphingolipids present in the serum and the plasma membrane. Sulfatides exert important functions in a number of systems in the human body, including the nervous, immune, cardiovascular, and coagulation systems.Furthermore, it is closely related to tumor occurrence, development, and metastasis. Peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor α (PPARα) is a class of the nuclear receptor superfamily of transcription factors, which is a potential regulator of sulfatides. This review not only summarizes the current knowledge on the physiological functions of sulfatides in various systems, but also discusses the possible PPARα regulatory mechanisms in sulfatide metabolism and functions. The results of the present analysis provide deep insights and further novel ideas for expanding the research on the physiological function and clinical application of sulfatides.
Topics: Humans; PPAR alpha; Sulfoglycosphingolipids; Liver; Transcription Factors; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear
PubMed: 36879104
DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03895-y -
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences :... Sep 2016In the central nervous system, oligodendrocytes synthesize a specialized membrane, the myelin membrane, which enwraps the axons in a multilamellar fashion to provide... (Review)
Review
In the central nervous system, oligodendrocytes synthesize a specialized membrane, the myelin membrane, which enwraps the axons in a multilamellar fashion to provide fast action potential conduction and to ensure axonal integrity. When compared to other membranes, the composition of myelin membranes is unique with its relatively high lipid to protein ratio. Their biogenesis is quite complex and requires a tight regulation of sequential events, which are deregulated in demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis. To devise strategies for remedying such defects, it is crucial to understand molecular mechanisms that underlie myelin assembly and dynamics, including the ability of specific lipids to organize proteins and/or mediate protein-protein interactions in healthy versus diseased myelin membranes. The tight regulation of myelin membrane formation has been widely investigated with classical biochemical and cell biological techniques, both in vitro and in vivo. However, our knowledge about myelin membrane dynamics, such as membrane fluidity in conjunction with the movement/diffusion of proteins and lipids in the membrane and the specificity and role of distinct lipid-protein and protein-protein interactions, is limited. Here, we provide an overview of recent findings about the myelin structure in terms of myelin lipids, proteins and membrane microdomains. To give insight into myelin membrane dynamics, we will particularly highlight the application of model membranes and advanced biophysical techniques, i.e., approaches which clearly provide an added value to insight obtained by classical biochemical techniques.
Topics: Animals; Cell Membrane; Galactosylceramides; Membrane Fluidity; Myelin Basic Protein; Oligodendroglia; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; Sulfoglycosphingolipids
PubMed: 27141942
DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2228-8 -
Annals of Neurology Jul 2003
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Apolipoproteins E; Biomarkers; Brain; Ceramides; Genotype; Humans; Phosphatidylinositols; Sensitivity and Specificity; Severity of Illness Index; Sulfoglycosphingolipids
PubMed: 12838515
DOI: 10.1002/ana.10642 -
Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu 1999
Review
Topics: Autoantibodies; Demyelinating Diseases; Diagnosis, Differential; Glycosphingolipids; Humans; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Prognosis; Sulfoglycosphingolipids
PubMed: 10434709
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of the American Society For... Aug 2017Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization coupled with Orbitrap mass spectrometry (MALDI-Orbitrap-MS) is used for the clinical study of patients with renal cell...
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization coupled with Orbitrap mass spectrometry (MALDI-Orbitrap-MS) is used for the clinical study of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), as the most common type of kidney cancer. Significant changes in sulfoglycosphingolipid abundances between tumor and autologous normal kidney tissues are observed. First, sulfoglycosphingolipid species in studied RCC samples are identified using high mass accuracy full scan and tandem mass spectra. Subsequently, optimization, method validation, and statistical evaluation of MALDI-MS data for 158 tissues of 80 patients are discussed. More than 120 sulfoglycosphingolipids containing one to five hexosyl units are identified in human RCC samples based on the systematic study of their fragmentation behavior. Many of them are recorded here for the first time. Multivariate data analysis (MDA) methods, i.e., unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) and supervised orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), are used for the visualization of differences between normal and tumor samples to reveal the most up- and downregulated lipids in tumor tissues. Obtained results are closely correlated with MALDI mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) and histologic staining. Important steps of the present MALDI-Orbitrap-MS approach are also discussed, such as the selection of best matrix, correct normalization, validation for semiquantitative study, and problems with possible isobaric interferences on closed masses in full scan mass spectra. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Neoplasms; Least-Squares Analysis; Multivariate Analysis; Principal Component Analysis; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Sulfoglycosphingolipids
PubMed: 28361385
DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1644-9