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Drugs 1978Tinidazole has been reported to be highly effective against trichomoniasis, giardiasis and amoebiasis. In vitro, tinidazole is more active against trichomonads than... (Review)
Review
Tinidazole has been reported to be highly effective against trichomoniasis, giardiasis and amoebiasis. In vitro, tinidazole is more active against trichomonads than metronidazole and possesses antiprotozoal activity at least comparable to metronidazole against Entamoeba histolytica, Tinidazole gives higher serum levels in animals following oral administration than metronidazole and is well distributed in organs and tissues. When tinidazole or metronidazole is given to healthy volunteers at a dose of 2g orally, the serum level of tinidazole at 48h is considerably higher than that of metronidazole. At 72h tinidazole is still present but metronidazole is not. These pharmacokinetic differences result from the longer half-life of tinidazole. These findings suggest that tinidazole might prove to be more useful than metronidazole in the treatment of protozoal infections when given in once daily oral doses of 2g.
Topics: Animals; Antiprotozoal Agents; Humans; Kinetics; Nitroimidazoles; Rats; Tinidazole
PubMed: 350561
DOI: 10.2165/00003495-197800151-00002 -
The Journal of Antimicrobial... Aug 1982
Review
Topics: Administration, Oral; Anaerobiosis; Bacterial Infections; Female; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Male; Nitroimidazoles; Premedication; Tinidazole
PubMed: 6749795
DOI: 10.1093/jac/10.suppl_a.65 -
Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin Nov 1983
Topics: Bacteria, Anaerobic; Bacterial Infections; Humans; Metronidazole; Nitroimidazoles; Protozoan Infections; Tinidazole
PubMed: 6641520
DOI: No ID Found -
Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England... Feb 2023This paper describes the recognition process of tetrahedral [Cu(tnz)X] (X = Cl, Br) complexes by a DNA chain, analyzing the specific interaction between the DNA bases...
This paper describes the recognition process of tetrahedral [Cu(tnz)X] (X = Cl, Br) complexes by a DNA chain, analyzing the specific interaction between the DNA bases and backbone with the metal and the tinidazole (tnz) ligand. We identified the coordination of the copper metal center with one or two phosphates as the first recognition site for the tinidazole copper(II) complexes, while the ligands present partial intercalation into the minor groove. Also, we discuss a novel trigonal copper(I) tnz bromide complex, obtained by reducing the previously reported [Cu(tnz)Br]. This complex sheds light on the mechanism of action of tnz metal complexes as one of the most stable DNA-complex adducts depicts a trigonal geometry around the copper ion.
Topics: Copper; Tinidazole; Metals; Coordination Complexes; DNA; Ligands; Crystallography, X-Ray
PubMed: 36692493
DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02854a -
Revista Espanola de Quimioterapia :... Sep 2008Tinidazole is a 5-nitroimidazole initially introduced into clinical medicine in 1969 for the treatment of unicellular parasites. Tinidazole offers selective bactericidal... (Review)
Review
Tinidazole is a 5-nitroimidazole initially introduced into clinical medicine in 1969 for the treatment of unicellular parasites. Tinidazole offers selective bactericidal activity, not influenced by the inoculum size, against anaerobic bacteria, that make it of theoretical interest against periodontopathogen infections. This article reviews the required characteristics of an antibiotic directed to odontogenic anaerobic infections, as well as the pharmacodynamic pitfalls of common antibiotic treatments. In addition the in vitro, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of tinidazole are reviewed, assessing the degree of its adhesion to the required characteristics, as well as identifying the gaps to be fulfilled prior to its use in this medical field. Tinidazole offers interesting characteristics making worthy investigations as a candidate for the treatment of anaerobic odontogenic infections. \
Topics: Humans; Periodontal Diseases; Tinidazole
PubMed: 18791873
DOI: No ID Found -
Acta Tropica Jan 2016Metronidazole is frequently used against Giardia infection; however, it has been associated with significant failure rates in clearing parasites from the gut;... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Meta-Analysis Review
Metronidazole is frequently used against Giardia infection; however, it has been associated with significant failure rates in clearing parasites from the gut; additionally, as it should be taken for 5 to 10 days, it is associated with poor compliance, probably due to side effects. Other drugs, including tinidazole (TNZ) and albendazole (ABZ) have been included in the antigiardial armamentarium. Our aim was to assess the efficacy of ABZ compared with TNZ in Giardia infections in children. A systematic review and a meta-analysis were carried out. PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and LILACS were searched electronically until February 2015. Also relevant journals and references of studies included therein were hand-searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs). The meta-analysis was limited to RCTs evaluating the use of ABZ compared with TNZ in children with Giardia infection. The assessed outcome was parasitological efficacy. Prediction intervals (PI) were computed to better express uncertainties in the effect estimates. Five RCTs including 403 children were included. Overall, TNZ significantly outperformed ABZ without differences between subgroups defined by ABZ dosages [relative risk, (RR) 1.61 (95% CI): (1.40-1.85); P<0.0001]. The 95% prediction interval range is 1.28-2.02. There was no significant heterogeneity (I(2)=0%; Q-test of heterogeneity P=0.4507. The number-needed-to-treat, the average number of patients who need to be treated with TNZ to gain one additional good outcome as compared with ABZ was 4, 95% CI: 3-5. Our results show that TNZ outperforms ABZ in the treatment of Giardia infections in children from developing countries.
Topics: Adolescent; Albendazole; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Giardia; Giardiasis; Humans; Male; Tinidazole
PubMed: 26476393
DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.09.023 -
Clinical Pharmacokinetics 1984The single-dose pharmacokinetics of intravenously and orally administered tinidazole were studied in normal subjects and patients with severe chronic renal failure. The...
The single-dose pharmacokinetics of intravenously and orally administered tinidazole were studied in normal subjects and patients with severe chronic renal failure. The clearance of tinidazole was also measured in patients on regular haemodialysis. After intravenous administration the mean elimination half-life of tinidazole was 17.1 +/- 2.3 (SD) hours in the normal subjects and 16.9 +/- 4.9 hours in patients with renal failure; the mean apparent volumes of distribution were 0.80 +/- 0.09 L/kg and 0.69 +/- 0.09 L/kg, respectively. Following oral administration the mean elimination half-life was 15.6 +/- 1.6 hours in the normal subjects and 18.4 +/- 3.5 hours in patients with renal failure; there were no statistically significant differences in these pharmacokinetic parameters. There was no accumulation of the major metabolite (hydroxymethyl tinidazole) in normal subjects or in patients with renal failure. Tinidazole clearance during haemodialysis was 71 +/- 7.7 ml/min. In the presence of renal failure no modification of tinidazole dosage would appear to be necessary. Tinidazole should be administered in full dosage following haemodialysis.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kinetics; Male; Middle Aged; Nitroimidazoles; Tinidazole
PubMed: 6692632
DOI: 10.2165/00003088-198409010-00005 -
Drugs 1976Tinidazole, a synthetic imidazole derivative, has been used in the oral treatment of several protozoal infections - trichomoniasis, giardiasis and amoebiasis. Among the...
Tinidazole, a synthetic imidazole derivative, has been used in the oral treatment of several protozoal infections - trichomoniasis, giardiasis and amoebiasis. Among the protozoal organisms inhibited by tinidazole are Trichomonas vaginalis, Trichomonas foetus, and Entamoeba histolytica. In vitro, tinidazole has been shown to possess antiprotozoal activity at least comparable to, and in some cases greater than, metronidazole. Tinidazole also has activity against some Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli, including Bacteroides spp. Following oral administration of a 2g dose, like metronidazole serum levels peak in about 2 hours but persist for longer. Any clinical significance of the longer plasma half-life (tinidazole 12.5h; metronidazole 7.3h) has yet to be demonstrated. Tinidazole is approximately 20% bound to plasma proteins. Only unchanged drug has been found in the plasma and urine of tinidazole-treated subjects, although metabolites have been detected in animal studies. A single 2g dose of tinidazole has been shown to be effective therapy in vaginal trichomoniasis and in urogenital trichomoniasis in males. Single-dose therapy in general offers advantages in regard to convenience, and in the treatment of a sexually transmissible disease such as trichomoniasis, single-dose therapy facilitates compliance of patient and sexual partner. In comparative studies, tinidazole, in both single-dose and traditional multiple-dose regimens, has been shown to be equivalent and often superior to other antitrichomonal agents, including metronidazole. In intestinal amoebiasis, tinidazole has been evaluated after both once-a-day and multiple daily dose regimens, with the former giving slightly better results. When both metronidazole and tinidazole were administered in multiple daily dose regimens, the two agents yielded similar cure rates; in one study fewer tinidazole-treated patients required a second course. Tinidazole has also been successful in some cases of amoebic liver abscess, but an advantage over metronidazole has not been demonstrated. Results in the treatment of giardiasis, especially with the single-dose regimen, are promising, and in one study, tinidazole proved effective in infections resistant to metronidazole. Even in large doses, tinidazole has been well tolerated, although rarely vomiting may occur and the patient may need to be re-treated with a multiple dose regimen.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Amebiasis; Animals; Eukaryota; Giardiasis; Gonorrhea; Humans; Kinetics; Metronidazole; Nitroimidazoles; Protozoan Infections; Tinidazole; Trichomonas Infections
PubMed: 954609
DOI: 10.2165/00003495-197611060-00003 -
International Journal of Gynaecology... Aug 1993To determine whether a single dose (2 g) of tinidazole before abdominal hysterectomy could reduce the incidence of postoperative infection. (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether a single dose (2 g) of tinidazole before abdominal hysterectomy could reduce the incidence of postoperative infection.
METHOD
A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study was undertaken with a single oral dose (2 g) of tinidazole, 12 h before surgery, in 100 patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy for various benign diseases. Other antibiotic use was withheld until there was no postoperative infection.
RESULT
A significant reduction (P < 0.05) of infectious morbidity (28% vs. 8%) as well as a decrease in additional antibiotic use (P < 0.01) and duration of hospital stay (P < 0.001) was observed. Febrile morbidity was also reduced from 36% to 14% (P < 0.05). Tinidazole was tolerated well by all the patients.
CONCLUSION
Tinidazole prophylaxis (2 g oral dose) is considered to be a simple, safe and effective way to reduce postoperative infection in abdominal hysterectomy.
Topics: Adult; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hysterectomy; Incidence; Middle Aged; Morbidity; Premedication; Prospective Studies; Surgical Wound Infection; Tinidazole
PubMed: 7901059
DOI: 10.1016/0020-7292(93)90624-6 -
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology Nov 1984Bowel wall concentrations of tinidazole in two patient groups undergoing elective colorectal surgery were determined 8 h (22 patients) and 12 h (26 patients) after a... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled Trial
Bowel wall concentrations of tinidazole in two patient groups undergoing elective colorectal surgery were determined 8 h (22 patients) and 12 h (26 patients) after a single 500-mg intravenous infusion. In addition, the efficacy of 1-day tinidazole prophylaxis with 8- and 12-h dosage intervals in the prevention of postoperative infection complications was evaluated. The mean bowel wall tinidazole concentrations 8 and 12 h after infusion were 5.1 +/- 2.5 micrograms/g and 4.3 +/- 1.8 micrograms/g, respectively, which are considerably higher than the minimal inhibitory concentration for Bacteroides fragilis strains. Three patients out of 48 (6.3%) developed a wound infection: 1 from the 8-h dosage interval group (4.5%) and 2 from the 12-h interval group (7.7%). Wound cultures revealed only aerobic growth. The results confirm that an adequate bowel wall concentration remains for more than 12 h after a single 500-mg intravenous infusion of tinidazole. One-day tinidazole prophylaxis is an effective means of preventing postoperative infections after colorectal surgery.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Colonic Diseases; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Female; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Middle Aged; Nitroimidazoles; Premedication; Rectal Diseases; Surgical Wound Infection; Tinidazole
PubMed: 6533776
DOI: No ID Found