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Microbiology Spectrum Mar 2023spp. are obligate, anaerobic, Gram-negative bacteria found in the human oral cavity and gut. Recent studies have indicated that gut promote human homeostasis by...
spp. are obligate, anaerobic, Gram-negative bacteria found in the human oral cavity and gut. Recent studies have indicated that gut promote human homeostasis by producing beneficial metabolites, specifically short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), by lactate fermentation. The gut lumen is a dynamic environment with fluctuating nutrient levels, so the microbes present shifting growth rates and significant variations of gene expression. The current knowledge of lactate metabolism by has focused on log phase growth. However, the gut microbes are mainly in the stationary phase. In this study, we investigated the transcriptomes and major metabolites of Veillonella dispar ATCC 17748 during growth from log to stationary phases with lactate as the main carbon source. Our results revealed that reprogrammed its lactate metabolism during the stationary phase. Lactate catabolic activity and propionate production were significantly decreased during the early stationary phase but were partially restored during the stationary phase. The propionate/acetate production ratio was lowered from 1.5 during the log phase to 0.9 during the stationary phase. Pyruvate secretion was also greatly decreased during the stationary phase. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that the gene expression of is reprogrammed during growth, as evidenced by the distinct transcriptomes present during the log, early stationary, and stationary phases. In particular, propionate metabolism (the propanediol pathway) was downregulated during the early stationary phase, which explains the decrease in propionate production during the stationary phase. The fluctuations in lactate fermentation during the stationary phase and the associated gene regulation expand our understanding of the metabolism of commensal anaerobes in changing environments. Short-chain fatty acids produced by gut commensal bacteria play an important role in human physiology. Gut and the metabolites acetate and propionate, produced by lactate fermentation, are associated with human health. Most gut bacteria in humans are in the stationary phase. Lactate metabolism by spp. during the stationary phase is poorly understood and was therefore the focus of the study. To this end, we used a commensal anaerobic bacterium and explored its short-chain fatty acid production and gene regulation in order to provide a better understanding of lactate metabolism dynamics during nutrient limitation.
PubMed: 36975840
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03558-22 -
Anaerobe Dec 2020Veillonella dispar is a Gram-negative anaerobic coccus involved in only a few human diseases. We report the second case of bacteremia due to this microorganism in an...
Veillonella dispar is a Gram-negative anaerobic coccus involved in only a few human diseases. We report the second case of bacteremia due to this microorganism in an elderly patient. A 72-year-old man with a history of bladder cancer presented with diarrhea, vomiting, and fever for 48 hours. After the diagnosis of septic shock, four sets of blood cultures were taken, and three of them yielded V. dispar. Resistance to metronidazole, penicillin, and piperacillin-tazobactam was documented. Treatment with clindamycin was started, and the patient was discharged after improvement in his general condition.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Comorbidity; DNA, Bacterial; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Veillonella
PubMed: 33075505
DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2020.102285 -
Oral Microbiology and Immunology Dec 1997Veillonella atypica, Veillonella dispar and Veillonella parvula cannot be reliably distinguished by conventional phenotypic tests, including the API ZYM test. In this...
Differentiation of Veillonella atypica, Veillonella dispar and Veillonella parvula using restricted fragment-length polymorphism analysis of 16S rDNA amplified by polymerase chain reaction.
Veillonella atypica, Veillonella dispar and Veillonella parvula cannot be reliably distinguished by conventional phenotypic tests, including the API ZYM test. In this study, restricted fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of 16S rDNA amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to generate restriction profiles of the type strains of V. atypica, V. dispar and V. parvula and 20 Veillonella strains isolated from oral sites. 16S rRNA gene sequences from isolated genomic DNA samples were amplified by PCR. PCR products were purified and characterized by single digestion with 13 restriction endonucleases. Among them, Mn/I was found to discriminate the respective reference strains, and the clinical isolates were assigned to one of the three species on the basis of their restriction profiles by digestion with Mn/I. Thus, RFLP analysis of PCR-amplified 16S rDNA, using Mn/I, is a rapid and reliable method for the differentiation of V. atypica, V. dispar and V. parvula.
Topics: Base Sequence; Culture Media; DNA Primers; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Mouth; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Veillonella
PubMed: 9573809
DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-302x.1997.tb00737.x -
Infection and Immunity Oct 2022Root caries in geriatric patients is a growing problem as more people are maintaining their natural teeth into advanced age. We determined the levels of various...
Root caries in geriatric patients is a growing problem as more people are maintaining their natural teeth into advanced age. We determined the levels of various bacterial species previously implicated in root caries disease or health using quantitative real-time PCR in a pilot study of 7 patients with 1 to 4 root caries lesions per person. Levels of 12 different species on diseased roots compared to healthy (contralateral control) roots were measured. Four species were found at significantly higher levels on diseased roots (Streptococcus mutans, Veillonella parvula/dispar, Actinomyces naeslundii/viscosus, and Capnocytophaga granulosa) compared across all plaque samples. The level of colonization by these species varied dramatically (up to 1,000-fold) between patients, indicating different patients have different bacteria contributing to root caries disease. Neither of the two species previously reported to correlate with healthy roots (C. granulosa and Delftia acidovorans) showed statistically significant protective roles in our population, although D. acidovorans showed a trend toward higher levels on healthy teeth (0.08). There was a significant positive correlation between higher levels of S. mutans and V. parvula/dispar on the same diseased teeth. mixed biofilm studies demonstrated that co-culturing S. mutans and V. parvula leads to a 50 to 150% increase in sucrose-dependent biofilm mass compared to S. mutans alone, depending on the growth conditions, while V. parvula alone did not form biofilms. The presence of V. parvula also decreased the acidification of S. mutans biofilms when grown in artificial saliva and enhanced the health of mixed biofilms.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Streptococcus mutans; Root Caries; Saliva, Artificial; Pilot Projects; Veillonella; Biofilms; Sucrose; Dental Caries
PubMed: 36129298
DOI: 10.1128/iai.00355-22 -
Gut Mar 2020The significance of the liver-microbiome axis has been increasingly recognised as a major modulator of autoimmunity. The aim of this study was to take advantage of a...
OBJECTIVE
The significance of the liver-microbiome axis has been increasingly recognised as a major modulator of autoimmunity. The aim of this study was to take advantage of a large well-defined corticosteroids treatment-naïve group of patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) to rigorously characterise gut dysbiosis compared with healthy controls.
DESIGN
We performed a cross-sectional study of individuals with AIH (n=91) and matched healthy controls (n=98) by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. An independent cohort of 28 patients and 34 controls was analysed to validate the results. All the patients were collected before corticosteroids therapy.
RESULTS
The gut microbiome of steroid treatment-naïve AIH was characterised with lower alpha-diversity (Shannon and observed operational taxonomic units, both p<0.01) and distinct overall microbial composition compared with healthy controls (p=0.002). Depletion of obligate anaerobes and expansion of potential pathobionts including were associated with disease status. Of note, , the most strongly disease-associated taxa (p=8.85E-8), positively correlated with serum level of aspartate aminotransferase and liver inflammation. Furthermore, the combination of four patients with AIH-associated genera distinguished AIH from controls with an area under curves of approximately 0.8 in both exploration and validation cohorts. In addition, multiple predicted functional modules were altered in the AIH gut microbiome, including lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis as well as metabolism of amino acids that can be processed by bacteria to produce immunomodulatory metabolites.
CONCLUSION
Our study establishes compositional and functional alterations of gut microbiome in AIH and suggests the potential for using gut microbiota as non-invasive biomarkers to assess disease activity.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Case-Control Studies; Clostridiales; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dysbiosis; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Hepatitis, Autoimmune; Humans; Lactobacillus; Male; Middle Aged; Severity of Illness Index; Veillonella; Young Adult
PubMed: 31201284
DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-317836 -
Archives of Oral Biology Sep 2021This study aimed to investigate that these bacteria counts in the oral cavity were modulated by the recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) status according to age and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Quantitative changes of Veillonella, Streptococcus, and Neisseria in the oral cavity of patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to investigate that these bacteria counts in the oral cavity were modulated by the recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) status according to age and ethnicity with a systematic review and meta-analysis.
DESIGN
The relevant case-control studies were searched in the literature database in English, Korean, and Chinese until June 2020 using keywords, and the literature was screened and collated for Review Manager analysis. Sensitivity analysis and quality check of the included literature were conducted.
RESULTS
From the selection process, oral bacteria counts were measured by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 8 studies and next-generation sequencing in 4 studies. Healthy control, ulcerative phases of RAS (UC-RAS), non-ulcerative phases of RAS (Non-UC-RAS) groups included 442, 473, and 386 participants in a total of 12 studies. For PCR detection, mean differences (95 % confidence intervals) of Veillonella and Streptococcus counts between the healthy-control and RAS groups were -1.91 (-2.41 ∼ -1.41) and -1.34 (-1.85 ∼ -0.83)(P < 0.0001). The bacteria count results by "Next-generation" sequencing (NGS) and PCR methods were similar. Significantly lower Veillonella and Streptococcus counts were observed in the UC-RAS group than in the non-UC-RAS group (P < 0.0001). Veillonella and Streptococcus count differences between RAS and controls aged ≥30 years were greater than those aged <30 years. At the species level, the prevalence of RAS had a negative relation with Veillonella dispar count.
CONCLUSIONS
Counts of Veillonella and Streptococcus are strongly correlated with the recovery and progression of RAS, especially in middle-aged patients. Adjustment of oral microbiota should be considered in the treatment of RAS.
Topics: Humans; Middle Aged; Neisseria; Stomatitis, Aphthous; Streptococcus; Veillonella
PubMed: 34167010
DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105198 -
The Journal of Infection Nov 1990
Topics: Ampicillin; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Female; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Middle Aged; Rheumatic Heart Disease; Veillonella
PubMed: 2273279
DOI: 10.1016/0163-4453(90)94197-8 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2022Dental caries remains the most common chronic disease in children, and the respective etiology is not fully understood. Though is an important factor in the initiation...
Dental caries remains the most common chronic disease in children, and the respective etiology is not fully understood. Though is an important factor in the initiation and progression of caries, its presence is not always associated with the disease. The existence of caries discordant populations, in which counts do not correlate with caries experience, poses a challenging problem. This study explored the possible correlation of S. and other microorganism levels on caries-associated ecology of caries-concordant and discordant populations. A total of forty-seven children were analyzed in this study and stratified into four clinical groups based on their levels in saliva (HS/LS: High/low ) and caries experience. levels were determined by culture-based selective plating. The salivary microbiome of caries concordant and discordant populations was investigated by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and downstream bioinformatics analysis. The salivary microbial communities significantly clustered based on levels and independent of their caries experience. In addition to levels, significant differences in the abundance of other species were observed between HS and LS groups. Interestingly, disease-associated species such as spp., and spp. were significantly increased in HS groups and may contribute, in combination with , to the caries progression. Furthermore, health-associated species exhibited higher abundance in the LS groups, such as sp., and spp. but their possible contribution to the caries process remains to be elucidated. This study provides evidence that may play a role in shaping the salivary microbial community. Our results highlight that future caries research should consider additional species as health/disease microbial markers in conjunction with to improve diagnosis and caries management of the caries-discordant population.
PubMed: 35250921
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.782825 -
Journal of Medical Microbiology Jun 2023Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumours in the world. Due to the characteristics of low early diagnosis rate, high malignancy and...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumours in the world. Due to the characteristics of low early diagnosis rate, high malignancy and rapid progression, the majority of diagnosed patients are in the middle or late stage. Accumulating evidence reveals that intestinal flora imbalance will aggravate HCC by disturbing immune regulation, especially interleukin expression. Therefore, intestinal flora-based methods have the potential to be new diagnostic or therapeutic methods for HCC. Compositions of intestinal florae were different between HCC patients and healthy people. Further, intestinal florae may alleviate or aggravate HCCs. To determine which intestinal florae and interleukin aggravate HCCs, we studied the differences in intestinal florae composition and interleukin (IL) indices between HCC patients and healthy people. A total of 64 HCC patients and 24 healthy people were recruited, and their fresh stool samples and serum samples were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolite index measurement. Data showed that 484 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and 476 OTUs were detected in the HCC and control groups, respectively. From the phylum level to the species level, 5, 6, 10, 15, 23 and 19 colonies showed differential abundance between the HCC group and healthy people. Moreover, interleukin-6 expression and interleukin-10 expression were significantly different between two groups. Of note, differences of , and at genus level and at species level in two groups were significantly related to IL-6 and IL-10. The abundance of intestinal florae in the HCC group was different from the control group. Additionally, combinatorial detection of , and at genus level and at species level may be a new method for HCC diagnosis.
Topics: Humans; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Liver Neoplasms; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Interleukin-6; Gram-Positive Cocci
PubMed: 37338093
DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001713 -
Anaerobe Aug 2014Oral Veillonella, Veillonella atypica, Veillonella denticariosi, Veillonella dispar, Veillonella parvula, Veillonella rogosae, and Veillonella tobetsuensis are known as...
Oral Veillonella, Veillonella atypica, Veillonella denticariosi, Veillonella dispar, Veillonella parvula, Veillonella rogosae, and Veillonella tobetsuensis are known as early colonizers in oral biofilm formation. To investigate the role of oral Veillonella, biofilms formed by the co-culture of Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus salivarius, or Streptococcus sanguinis, with oral Veillonella were examined at the species level. The amount of biofilm formed by S. mutans, S. gordonii, and S. salivarius in the presence of the six Veillonella species was greater than that formed in the control experiments, with the exception of S. mutans with V. dispar. In contrast, in the case of biofilm formation by S. sanguinis, the presence of Veillonella species reduced the amount of the biofilm, with the exception of V. parvula and V. dispar. The time-dependent changes in the amount of biofilm and the number of planktonic cells were grouped into four patterns over the 24 combinations. Only that of S. gordonii with V. tobetsuensis showed a unique pattern. These results indicate that the mode of action of this combination differed from that of the other combinations with respect to biofilm formation. It is possible that there may be several factors involved in the interaction between Streptococcus and Veillonella species.
Topics: Antibiosis; Biofilms; Environmental Microbiology; Humans; Mouth Mucosa; Streptococcus; Veillonella
PubMed: 24862495
DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2014.05.003