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The Alkaloids. Chemistry and Biology 2015This survey on steroidal alkaloids of the Veratrum and Solanum family isolated between 1974 and 2014 includes 187 compounds and 197 references. New developments in the... (Review)
Review
This survey on steroidal alkaloids of the Veratrum and Solanum family isolated between 1974 and 2014 includes 187 compounds and 197 references. New developments in the chemistry and biology of this family of natural products with a special focus on the medicinal relevance of the jervanine alkaloid cyclopamine are discussed.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Diosgenin; Humans; Molecular Structure; Solanaceous Alkaloids; Veratrum Alkaloids
PubMed: 25845062
DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2014.11.002 -
Current Protein & Peptide Science 2018Isosteroidal alkaloids are a category of promising bioactive compounds which mostly exist in plants of genus Veratrum and Fritillaria. The pharmacological activities of... (Review)
Review
Isosteroidal alkaloids are a category of promising bioactive compounds which mostly exist in plants of genus Veratrum and Fritillaria. The pharmacological activities of isosteroidal alkaloids include antihypertensive, antitussive, anti-inflammatory, antithrombosis, among others. Recently, some studies show that this kind of alkaloids exhibited significant antitumor activity. To the best of our knowledge, there is no review focusing on their antitumor activity and mechanism of their antitumor activity. To fill the gap, in this review, we summarized antitumor effects of the isosteroidal alkaloids from genus Veratrum and Fritillaria on different tumors and the mechanisms of their antitumor activity. In conclusion, this kind of alkaloids has extensive antitumor activity, and there are several main mechanisms of their antitumor activity, including the Hedgehog signaling pathway, caspase-3 dependent apoptosis, cell cycle, and autophagy.
Topics: Alkaloids; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Apoptosis; Autophagy; Cell Cycle; Fritillaria; Hedgehog Proteins; Humans; Neoplasms; Signal Transduction; Veratrum; Veratrum Alkaloids
PubMed: 28059041
DOI: 10.2174/1389203718666170106103747 -
Fitoterapia Apr 2023Three new steroidal alkaloids, veratrasines A - C (1-3), along with ten known analogues (4-13) were isolated from the roots of Veratrum stenophyllum. Their structures...
Three new steroidal alkaloids, veratrasines A - C (1-3), along with ten known analogues (4-13) were isolated from the roots of Veratrum stenophyllum. Their structures were elucidated by NMR and HRESIMS data and comparison with the reported data in the literatures. A plausible biosynthetic pathway for 1 and 2 were proposed. Compounds 1, 3, and 8 showed moderate cytotoxic activity against MHCC97H and H1299 cell lines.
Topics: Veratrum; Molecular Structure; Alkaloids; Plant Roots; Steroids; Veratrum Alkaloids
PubMed: 36848963
DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105464 -
Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie : Casopis... Jul 1994Alkaloids represent an important group of therapeutically significant secondary metabolites. The plants of the genus Veratrum contain alkaloids with an antihypertensive... (Review)
Review
Alkaloids represent an important group of therapeutically significant secondary metabolites. The plants of the genus Veratrum contain alkaloids with an antihypertensive effect. Also the genera Schoenocaulon and Zygadenus are sources of veratrum alkaloids. The present paper presents a survey of isolated alkaloids from the underground and aerial parts of 17 species of the genus Veratrum. The alkaloids occur as glycosides, aglycones or in the form of esters with various acids. In conformity with the IUPAC regulations for the nomenclature of steroids, Veratrum alkaloids were divided into 7 groups. The present paper lists the compounds of the first two groups, i.e. (1) alkaloids of the jervanine and veratranine types (I-XXIII), and (2) alkaloids with the cevanine skeleton (XXIV-XXXV). The individual compounds are characterized by their physico-chemical constants (melting point, optical rotation).
Topics: Veratrum Alkaloids
PubMed: 8069520
DOI: No ID Found -
Chemistry & Biodiversity Feb 2020Veratrum plant contains a family of compounds called steroidal alkaloids which have been previously reported to cause DNA damage and blood pressure decrease in vivo....
Veratrum plant contains a family of compounds called steroidal alkaloids which have been previously reported to cause DNA damage and blood pressure decrease in vivo. In this study, the antihypertensive effects and DNA damage in brain cells of 12 steroidal alkaloids separated from Veratrum plant were all evaluated to develop a relationship among chemical structure, antihypertensive activity and neurotoxicity by utilization of chemical principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). Twelve steroidal alkaloids markedly reduced high blood pressure of hypertensive mice and also similarly induced varying degrees of DNA single-strand breaks in mouse cerebellum and cerebral cortex after oral administration. On the basis of the PCA and HCA results, it was suggested that the 3-carboxylic esters and benzene group play a core role in the DNA damage of brain cells, while more hydroxy groups in the A-ring and B-ring structure of jervine-type alkaloid led to stronger antihypertensive activity. The primary structure, activity and neurotoxicity relationship were discussed briefly.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Cerebral Cortex; Cluster Analysis; DNA Damage; Mice; Plant Extracts; Principal Component Analysis; Structure-Activity Relationship; Veratrum; Veratrum Alkaloids
PubMed: 31961474
DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900473 -
The Journal of Pharmacology and... Oct 1951
Topics: Veratrum Alkaloids
PubMed: 14881079
DOI: No ID Found -
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters Oct 2016Three new steroidal alkaloids 1-3, together with four known compounds 4-7, were isolated from the ethanol extract of Veratrum grandiflorum Loes. Their structures were...
Three new steroidal alkaloids 1-3, together with four known compounds 4-7, were isolated from the ethanol extract of Veratrum grandiflorum Loes. Their structures were elucidated by NMR (1D and 2D NMR) and MS spectroscopic data. The inhibition activities on Hedgehog (Hh) pathway were evaluated using a cell-based bioassay system (Shh-LIGHT 2 cells). The results showed that compounds 1-3 and 5 displayed inhibitory activities obviously with the IC50 values of 0.63-3.11μM. Among them, compound 5 showed the most prominent inhibition activity (IC50=0.63±0.02μM). Thus, these active alkaloids may be potent natural compounds as Hh pathway inhibitors for the treatment of various cancers.
Topics: Cell Line; Hedgehog Proteins; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Veratrum; Veratrum Alkaloids
PubMed: 27567371
DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.08.040 -
Nordisk Medicin Nov 1954
Topics: Veratrum Alkaloids
PubMed: 13236084
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Biological Chemistry 1945
Topics: Alkaloids; Veratrine; Veratrum; Veratrum Alkaloids
PubMed: 21004565
DOI: No ID Found -
Treatment Services Bulletin. Canada.... Oct 1952
Topics: Hypertension; Veratrum; Veratrum Alkaloids
PubMed: 13015668
DOI: No ID Found