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Foot and Ankle Clinics Dec 2021Congenital vertical talus represents a congenital structural foot deformity characterized by the classical rocker bottom deformity. The main feature is dislocation of... (Review)
Review
Congenital vertical talus represents a congenital structural foot deformity characterized by the classical rocker bottom deformity. The main feature is dislocation of the talonavicular joint along with contractures of the dorsolateral tendons of the foot and tendo Achilles. In the past treatment consisted of 2- or single-stage more or less extensive soft tissue releases including reduction of the talonavicular joint following casting in the first phase. Nowadays all feet are treated by serial casting, closed or miniopen talonavicular joint reduction, and percutaneous achillotenotomy. Functional results of the miniinvasive method are superior to those of the former more extensive surgical releases.
Topics: Achilles Tendon; Casts, Surgical; Flatfoot; Foot Deformities, Congenital; Humans; Talus; Tenotomy
PubMed: 34752243
DOI: 10.1016/j.fcl.2021.08.002 -
The Journal of the American Academy of... Oct 2015Congenital vertical talus is a rare foot deformity. If left untreated, it causes significant disability, including pain and functional limitations. Although the etiology... (Review)
Review
Congenital vertical talus is a rare foot deformity. If left untreated, it causes significant disability, including pain and functional limitations. Although the etiology of vertical talus is likely heterogeneous, recent evidence strongly supports a genetic cause linking it to genes expressed during early limb development. Traditional management for vertical talus involves extensive surgeries that are associated with significant short- and long-term complications. A minimally invasive approach that relies on serial manipulation and casting to achieve most of the correction has been shown to produce excellent short-term results with regard to clinical and radiographic correction in both isolated and nonisolated cases of vertical talus. Although long-term studies are needed, achieving correction without extensive surgery may lead to more flexible and functional feet, much as Ponseti method has done for clubfeet.
Topics: Casts, Surgical; Flatfoot; Foot Deformities, Congenital; Humans; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Orthopedic Procedures; Range of Motion, Articular
PubMed: 26337950
DOI: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-14-00034 -
Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and... Jan 2010Congenital vertical talus, also known as congenital convex pes valgus, is an uncommon disorder of the foot, manifested as a rigid rocker-bottom flatfoot.... (Review)
Review
Congenital vertical talus, also known as congenital convex pes valgus, is an uncommon disorder of the foot, manifested as a rigid rocker-bottom flatfoot. Radiographically, it is defined by dorsal dislocation of the navicular on the talus. This condition requires surgical correction. If left untreated, this foot deformity results in a painful and rigid flatfoot with weak push-off power. This article provides an overview of this rare foot deformity, outlines appropriate workup of the disorder, and details current treatment options, with emphasis on the evolution of treatment of congenital vertical talus.
Topics: Child; Flatfoot; Foot Deformities, Congenital; Humans; Talus
PubMed: 19963176
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpm.2009.08.008 -
Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and... Jul 2000The author provides a description of the deformity congenital vertical talus, including characteristics and contributing factors. Also outlined are the incidence, cause,... (Review)
Review
The author provides a description of the deformity congenital vertical talus, including characteristics and contributing factors. Also outlined are the incidence, cause, and pathogenesis; radiographic features; anatomy; and treatment of the condition. The author includes results and discussion of surgical treatment.
Topics: Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Flatfoot; Foot; Foot Deformities, Congenital; Humans; Talus
PubMed: 10943500
DOI: No ID Found -
La Pediatria Medica E Chirurgica :... Oct 2022Congenital vertical talus foot is a complex deformity, characterized by a dislocation of the talus-calcanear navicular joint. It is a rare form of congenital flat foot,...
Congenital vertical talus foot is a complex deformity, characterized by a dislocation of the talus-calcanear navicular joint. It is a rare form of congenital flat foot, where the hindfoot is valgus and equine, the midfoot dorsiflexed and the forefoot abducted. Regardless of the type of classification, the therapeutic approach and prognosis must take into account the functionality and motility of the foot. Initial treatment is manipulative. After 3 months of age, it is possible to think about soft tissue surgery. In this study, we present congenital vertical talus feet treated at the Pediatric Orthopedics Department of SS. Antonio Biagio and Cesare Arrigo Children's Hospital of Alessandria from 1995 to 2022. All 8 patients (12 feet) underwent through the surgical operation technique of open reduction described by Tachdjian and further reviewed and subjected to the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot Score. The mean follow up is 13 years. Global functional result was good and surgery allowed the growth of the foot, which would otherwise be blocked by an ax that is the vertical talus. Questioned remotely, all patients perform sporting activities and wear normal footwear.
Topics: Animals; Horses; Flatfoot; Follow-Up Studies; Treatment Outcome; Retrospective Studies; Talus
PubMed: 37184318
DOI: 10.4081/pmc.2022.292 -
Texas State Journal of Medicine Sep 1963
Topics: Ankle; Congenital Abnormalities; Diagnosis, Differential; Flatfoot; Foot Deformities, Congenital; Foot Diseases; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Radiography; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Talus
PubMed: 14050486
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Maternal-fetal &... Dec 2023This study aimed to analyze the ultrasound characteristics of fetal congenital vertical talus (CVT) to provide a detailed basis for the prenatal diagnosis of CVT.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to analyze the ultrasound characteristics of fetal congenital vertical talus (CVT) to provide a detailed basis for the prenatal diagnosis of CVT.
METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed the ultrasonographic findings of fetuses with CVT confirmed by X-ray, surgery, or autopsy from 2010 to 2020. Clinical characteristics and ultrasonographic findings of CVT, including foot morphology, ossification center of the calcaneus and talus, associated deformities, and chromosomal test results, were recorded.
RESULTS
Thirteen patients diagnosed with CVT by prenatal ultrasound were confirmed postpartum. Nine cases were bilateral, and four were unilateral. Under two-dimensional ultrasound, 13/13 cases had abnormal foot morphology, and 10 of 13 cases (76.9%) showed that the ossification center of the talus moved downward, and the calcaneus moved laterally. Under three-dimensional ultrasound, 11 cases (84.6%) presented a "rocking chair" appearance, and two cases did not obtain satisfactory three-dimensional image due to oligohydramnios and fetal position. In this group of cases, two cases (15.4%) were isolated CVT, and the other 11 cases (84.6%) were complicated with other abnormalities. Eleven cases of non-isolated CVT and 1 case of isolated CVT were induced, and another patient with isolated CVT had undergone postnatal surgery, which had been followed up for 8 years and recovered well.
CONCLUSIONS
The combination of fetal foot morphology, ossification center position of the calcaneus and talus, and three-dimensional ultrasound can provide a reliable diagnosis of CVT. Furthermore, we should pay more attention to the evaluation of other systemic and chromosomal abnormalities in CVT cases.
Topics: Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Flatfoot; Retrospective Studies; Prenatal Diagnosis; Talus; Ultrasonography, Prenatal
PubMed: 36948222
DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2023.2192323 -
Foot (Edinburgh, Scotland) Mar 2019Several complications due to flatfeet have been reported in previous literature such as poor postural stability, injuries, pathologies, and discomfort. Early detection... (Review)
Review
Several complications due to flatfeet have been reported in previous literature such as poor postural stability, injuries, pathologies, and discomfort. Early detection and appropriate management are mandatory to minimize these effects. There are different feet assessments established in the field with distinct advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, selection of management methods from various options should be done vigilantly as the application differs according to the individual. Therefore, the objective of this article is to review previous literature on structural anatomy, pathomechanics, assessment, and proper management of flatfeet to provide a condensed summary for healthcare professionals, occupational therapists, kinesiologists, biomechanists, coaches, and ergonomists.
Topics: Biomechanical Phenomena; Flatfoot; Foot; Humans; Orthopedic Procedures; Orthotic Devices; Physical Therapy Modalities; Shoes
PubMed: 30844660
DOI: 10.1016/j.foot.2019.02.004 -
Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Surgery &... Feb 2015Adult flatfoot is defined as a flattening of the medial arch of the foot in weight-bearing and lack of a propulsive gait. The 3 lesion levels are the talonavicular,... (Review)
Review
Adult flatfoot is defined as a flattening of the medial arch of the foot in weight-bearing and lack of a propulsive gait. The 3 lesion levels are the talonavicular, tibiotarsal and midfoot joints. The subtalar joint is damaged by the consequent rotational defects. Clinical examination determines deformity and reducibility, and assesses any posterior tibialis muscle deficit, the posterior tibialis tendon and spring ligament being frequently subject to degenerative lesions. Radiographic examination in 3 incidences in weight-bearing is essential, to determine the principal level of deformity. Tendon (posterior tibialis tendon) and ligamentous lesions (spring ligament and interosseous ligament) are analyzed on MRI or ultrasound. In fixed deformities, CT explores for arthritic evolution or specific etiologies. 3D CT reconstruction can analyze bone and joint morphology and contribute to the planning of any osteotomy. Medical management associates insoles and physiotherapy. Acute painful flatfoot requires strict cast immobilization. Surgical treatment associates numerous combinations of procedures, currently under assessment for supple flatfoot: for the hindfoot: medial slide calcaneal osteotomy, calcaneal lengthening osteotomy, or arthroereisis; for the midfoot: arthrodesis on one or several rays, or first cuneiform or first metatarsal osteotomy; for the ankle: medial collateral ligament repair with tendon transfer. Fixed deformities require arthrodesis of one or several joint-lines in the hindfoot; for the ankle, total replacement after realignment of the foot, or tibiotalocalcaneal fusion or ankle and hindfoot fusion; and, for the midfoot, cuneonavicular or cuneometatarsal fusion. Tendinous procedures are often associated. Specific etiologies may need individualized procedures. In conclusion, adult flatfoot tends to be diagnosed and managed too late, with consequent impact on the ankle, the management of which is complex and poorly codified.
Topics: Adult; Diagnostic Imaging; Flatfoot; Foot Joints; Humans; Orthopedic Procedures; Orthotic Devices; Osteoarthritis; Physical Examination; Shoes
PubMed: 25595429
DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2014.07.030 -
Australian Journal of General Practice May 2020Flat foot (pes planus) describes a reduction or absence of the medial longitudinal arch (MLA) of the foot, with or without additional deformities of the foot and ankle....
BACKGROUND
Flat foot (pes planus) describes a reduction or absence of the medial longitudinal arch (MLA) of the foot, with or without additional deformities of the foot and ankle. Flat feet are relatively common in childhood, affecting up to 14% of children. Flexible flat feet can be part of a normal developmental profile, and foot arches usually develop with age, although there is a wide range of normal variation. Up to 25% of the total population has a deficient MLA in at least one foot; therefore, it is likely a general practitioner (GP) will encounter this issue relatively frequently in their practice.
OBJECTIVE
This article outlines a method for paediatric pes planus assessment and management. A multidisciplinary approach involving GPs, rehabilitation physicians, orthopaedic surgeons, physiotherapists, orthotists and podiatrists is discussed.
DISCUSSION
Paediatric pes planus treatment has long been a contentious topic, with a lack of clarity in the literature regarding which children require treatment and the efficacy of intervention. However, there is increasing evidence that non-surgical interventions, such as orthoses and physiotherapy, may be beneficial for certain groups of children.
Topics: Disease Management; Flatfoot; Foot Orthoses; Humans; Pediatrics; Physical Therapy Modalities
PubMed: 32416653
DOI: 10.31128/AJGP-09-19-5089