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FEMS Microbiology Reviews Mar 2011Photobacterium comprises several species in Vibrionaceae, a large family of Gram-negative, facultatively aerobic, bacteria that commonly associate with marine animals.... (Review)
Review
Photobacterium comprises several species in Vibrionaceae, a large family of Gram-negative, facultatively aerobic, bacteria that commonly associate with marine animals. Members of the genus are widely distributed in the marine environment and occur in seawater, surfaces, and intestines of marine animals, marine sediments and saline lake water, and light organs of fish. Seven Photobacterium species are luminous via the activity of the lux genes, luxCDABEG. Much recent progress has been made on the phylogeny, genomics, and symbiosis of Photobacterium. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrates a robust separation between Photobacterium and its close relatives, Aliivibrio and Vibrio, and reveals the presence of two well-supported clades. Clade 1 contains luminous and symbiotic species and one species with no luminous members, and Clade 2 contains mostly nonluminous species. The genomes of Photobacterium are similar in size, structure, and organization to other members of Vibrionaceae, with two chromosomes of unequal size and multiple rrn operons. Many species of marine fish form bioluminescent symbioses with three Photobacterium species: Photobacterium kishitanii, Photobacterium leiognathi, and Photobacterium mandapamensis. These associations are highly, but not strictly species specific, and they do not exhibit symbiont-host codivergence. Environmental congruence instead of host selection might explain the patterns of symbiont-host affiliation observed from nature.
Topics: Animals; Fishes; Genomics; Molecular Sequence Data; Photobacterium; Phylogeny; Symbiosis; Water Microbiology
PubMed: 20883503
DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2010.00250.x -
Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry Feb 1993
Review
Topics: Aldehydes; Base Sequence; Cloning, Molecular; Enterobacteriaceae; Genes, Bacterial; Genetic Vectors; Luciferases; Luminescent Measurements; Molecular Sequence Data; Operon; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Vibrionaceae
PubMed: 8439401
DOI: No ID Found -
Marine Drugs Dec 2010On a global research expedition, over 500 bacterial strains inhibitory towards pathogenic bacteria were isolated. Three hundred of the antibacterial strains were...
On a global research expedition, over 500 bacterial strains inhibitory towards pathogenic bacteria were isolated. Three hundred of the antibacterial strains were assigned to the Vibrionaceae family. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the phylogeny and bioactivity of five Vibrionaceae strains with pronounced antibacterial activity. These were identified as Vibrio coralliilyticus (two strains), V. neptunius (two strains), and Photobacterium halotolerans (one strain) on the basis of housekeeping gene sequences. The two related V. coralliilyticus and V. neptunius strains were isolated from distant oceanic regions. Chemotyping by LC-UV/MS underlined genetic relationships by showing highly similar metabolite profiles for each of the two V. coralliilyticus and V. neptunius strains, respectively, but a unique profile for P. halotolerans. Bioassay-guided fractionation identified two known antibiotics as being responsible for the antibacterial activity; andrimid (from V. coralliilyticus) and holomycin (from P. halotolerans). Despite the isolation of already known antibiotics, our findings show that marine Vibrionaceae are a resource of antibacterial compounds and may have potential for future natural product discovery.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiosis; Drug Discovery; Lactams; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Structure; Oceans and Seas; Photobacterium; Phylogeny; Polyenes; Pyrroles; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Seawater; Staphylococcus aureus; Vibrio; Vibrionaceae
PubMed: 21339958
DOI: 10.3390/md8122946 -
Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious... Jan 1988Studies were done to assess the role of oysters from the Pacific Northwest as a potential source of Vibrionaceae. Oysters collected from natural and cultivated...
Studies were done to assess the role of oysters from the Pacific Northwest as a potential source of Vibrionaceae. Oysters collected from natural and cultivated populations on the British Columbia Coast were opened using sterile instruments. The gills and oyster meat were each removed, and the meat was cut in half. The gills and the cut surface of the oyster meat were each cultured by inoculating them directly to the surface of agar plating media for the isolation of Vibrionaceae. Overall, 120 oysters were cultured, and 60 yielded Vibrionaceae. Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio fluvialis, and Vibrio vulnificus were the most commonly isolated organisms. Vibrionaceae were most often recovered from oysters collected under warm-water conditions from natural stocks (83% positive), followed by oysters from the same sites collected under cold-water conditions (35% positive). Only 29% of oysters collected from cultivated commercial stocks under warm water conditions yielded Vibrionaceae, and no Vibrionaceae were isolated from oysters collected from these sites during periods when water temperatures were low. The results suggest that oysters are a significant source of potentially pathogenic Vibrionaceae in the Pacific Northwest. However, the risk of exposure to these bacteria can be reduced by consumption of cultivated oysters harvested under cold-water conditions.
Topics: Animals; British Columbia; Fisheries; Ostreidae; Pacific Ocean; Risk Factors; Shellfish Poisoning; Temperature; Vibrionaceae
PubMed: 3370928
DOI: 10.1016/0732-8893(88)90054-5 -
International Microbiology : the... Mar 2017The genus Photobacterium, one of the eight genera included in the family Vibrionaceae, contains 27 species with valid names and it has received attention because of the... (Review)
Review
The genus Photobacterium, one of the eight genera included in the family Vibrionaceae, contains 27 species with valid names and it has received attention because of the bioluminescence and pathogenesis mechanisms that some of its species exhibit. However, the taxonomy and phylogeny of this genus are not completely elucidated; for example, P. logei and P. fischeri are now considered members of the genus Aliivibrio, and previously were included in the genus Vibrio. In addition, P. damselae subsp. piscicida was formed as a new combination for former Vibrio damsela and Pasteurella piscicida. Moreover, P. damselae subsp. damselae is an earlier heterotypic synonym of P. histaminum. To avoid these incovenences draft and complete genomic sequences of members of Photobacterium are increasingly becoming available and their use is now routine for many research laboratories to address diverse goals: species delineation with overall genomic indexes, phylogenetic analyses, comparative genomics, and phenotypic inference. The habitats and isolation source of the Photobacterium species include seawater, sea sediments, saline lake waters, and a variety of marine organisms with which the photobacteria establish different relationships, from symbiosis to pathogenic interactions. Several species of this genus contain bioluminescent strains in symbiosis with marine fish and cephalopods; in addition, other species enhance its growth at pressures above 1 atmosphere, by means of several high-pressure adaptation mechanisms and for this, they may be considered as piezophilic (former barophilic) bacteria. Until now, only P. jeanii, P. rosenbergii, P. sanctipauli, and the two subspecies of P. damselae have been reported as responsible agents of several pathologies on animal hosts, such as corals, sponges, fish and homeothermic animals. In this review we have revised and updated the taxonomy, ecology and pathogenicity of several members of this genus. [Int Microbiol 20(1): 1-10 (2017)].
Topics: Animals; Fish Diseases; Fishes; Photobacterium; Phylogeny; Symbiosis
PubMed: 28581017
DOI: 10.2436/20.1501.01.280 -
BMC Research Notes Feb 2018The eps locus in Vibrio diabolicus is involved in the production of the biotechnologically valuable HE800 EPS. In this study, the distribution and diversity of similar... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
OBJECTIVES
The eps locus in Vibrio diabolicus is involved in the production of the biotechnologically valuable HE800 EPS. In this study, the distribution and diversity of similar eps gene clusters across Vibrionaceae and its variability in relation to phylogenetic relationship were investigated. The aim was to provide a better knowledge of the eps gene cluster importance and to facilitate discovery of new EPS with potent interesting bioactivities.
RESULTS
Seventy percent of the 103 genome sequences examined display such an eps locus with a high level of synteny. However, genetic divergence was found inside some monophyletic clades or even between some strains of the same species. It includes gene insertions, truncations, and deletions. Comparative analysis also reveals some variations in glycosyltransferase and export systems genes. Phylogenetic analysis of the Vibrionaceae eps gene clusters within Vibrionaceae suggests a vertical transfer by speciation but also pinpoints rearrangement events independent of the speciation.
Topics: Biosynthetic Pathways; Genome, Bacterial; Genomics; Multigene Family; Polysaccharides, Bacterial; Vibrionaceae
PubMed: 29409541
DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3214-z -
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Jul 1979An accurate plate diffusion bioassay for chloramphenicol is described, in which the fast-replicating Beneckea natriegens and 1.5% salt agar are used. Zones of inhibition...
An accurate plate diffusion bioassay for chloramphenicol is described, in which the fast-replicating Beneckea natriegens and 1.5% salt agar are used. Zones of inhibition were well defined after 3 h, and the limit of sensitivity of the method was around 2 mug/ml. The concurrent presence of gentamicin did not influence the assay. The assay is simple to carry out and duplicate assays can be performed with as little as 100 mug of capillary blood.
Topics: Biological Assay; Chloramphenicol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Vibrio; Vibrionaceae
PubMed: 314271
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.16.1.43 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology Jun 2011The aim of this study was to detect the production of three kinds of quorum sensing (QS) signal molecules, i.e. the N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL), the autoinducer-2...
AIMS
The aim of this study was to detect the production of three kinds of quorum sensing (QS) signal molecules, i.e. the N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL), the autoinducer-2 (AI-2) and the cholerae autoinducer-1-like (CAI-1-like) molecules in 25 Vibrionaceae strains.
METHODS AND RESULTS
The QS signal molecules in 25 Vibrionaceae strains were detected with different biosensors. Except Salinivibrio costicola VIB288 and Vibrio natriegens VIB299, all the other 23 Vibrionaceae strains could produce one or more kinds of detectable QS signal molecules. Twenty-one of the 25 strains were found to produce AHL signal molecules by using Vibrio harveyi JMH612 and Agrobacterium tumefaciens KYC55 (pJZ372; pJZ384; pJZ410) as biosensors. The AHL fingerprints of eight strains were detected by thin-layer chromatography with Ag. tumefaciens KYC55, and two of them, i.e. V. mediterranei VIB296 and Aliivibrio logei VIB414 had a high diversity of AHLs. Twenty of the 25 strains were found to have the AI-2 activity, and the luxS gene sequences in 18 strains were proved to be conserved by PCR amplification and sequencing. Only six (five Vibrio strains and A. logei VIB414) of the 25 strains possessed the CAI-1-like activity. A. logei VIB414, V. campbellii VIB285, V. furnissii VIB293, V. pomeroyi LMG20537 and two V. harveyi strains VIB571 and VIB645 were found to produce all the three kinds of QS signal molecules.
CONCLUSIONS
The results indicated that the QS signal molecules, especially AHL and AI-2 molecules, were widespread in the family Vibrionaceae.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
In response to a variety of environmental conditions and selection forces, the family Vibrionaceae produced QS signal molecules with great diversity and complexity. The knowledge we obtained from this study will be useful for further research on the roles of different QS signal molecules in this family.
Topics: Acyl-Butyrolactones; Amino Acid Sequence; Bacterial Proteins; Biosensing Techniques; Carbon-Sulfur Lyases; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Homoserine; Ketones; Lactones; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Quorum Sensing; Signal Transduction; Vibrionaceae
PubMed: 21395950
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.04998.x -
Methods in Enzymology 2002
Comparative Study
Topics: Cloning, Molecular; Conjugation, Genetic; Escherichia coli; Genes, Bacterial; Genetic Techniques; Mutagenesis, Insertional; Plasmids; Replication Origin; Restriction Mapping; Vibrionaceae
PubMed: 12474404
DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(02)58106-4 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger May 1995
Topics: Hot Temperature; Humans; Vibrio Infections; Vibrionaceae; Water Microbiology
PubMed: 7770978
DOI: No ID Found