-
Journal of Bacteriology Mar 2000In the arginine biosynthetic pathway of the vast majority of prokaryotes, the formation of ornithine is catalyzed by an enzyme transferring the acetyl group of...
Evolution of arginine biosynthesis in the bacterial domain: novel gene-enzyme relationships from psychrophilic Moritella strains (Vibrionaceae) and evolutionary significance of N-alpha-acetyl ornithinase.
In the arginine biosynthetic pathway of the vast majority of prokaryotes, the formation of ornithine is catalyzed by an enzyme transferring the acetyl group of N-alpha-acetylornithine to glutamate (ornithine acetyltransferase [OATase]) (argJ encoded). Only two exceptions had been reported-the Enterobacteriaceae and Myxococcus xanthus (members of the gamma and delta groups of the class Proteobacteria, respectively)-in which ornithine is produced from N-alpha-acetylornithine by a deacylase, acetylornithinase (AOase) (argE encoded). We have investigated the gene-enzyme relationship in the arginine regulons of two psychrophilic Moritella strains belonging to the Vibrionaceae, a family phylogenetically related to the Enterobacteriaceae. Most of the arg genes were found to be clustered in one continuous sequence divergently transcribed in two wings, argE and argCBFGH(A) ["H(A)" indicates that the argininosuccinase gene consists of a part homologous to known argH sequences and of a 3' extension able to complement an Escherichia coli mutant deficient in the argA gene, encoding N-alpha-acetylglutamate synthetase, the first enzyme committed to the pathway]. Phylogenetic evidence suggests that this new clustering pattern arose in an ancestor common to Vibrionaceae and Enterobacteriaceae, where OATase was lost and replaced by a deacylase. The AOase and ornithine carbamoyltransferase of these psychrophilic strains both display distinctly cold-adapted activity profiles, providing the first cold-active examples of such enzymes.
Topics: Acetyltransferases; Amidohydrolases; Arginine; Base Sequence; Cloning, Molecular; Culture Media; Enzyme Repression; Evolution, Molecular; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Genes, Bacterial; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Recombinant Proteins; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Temperature; Transcription, Genetic; Vibrionaceae; Water Microbiology
PubMed: 10692366
DOI: 10.1128/JB.182.6.1609-1615.2000 -
European Journal of Biochemistry Feb 1989Conjugation of simple ketoses (such as 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid and N-acetylneuraminic acid) and of various O-specific polysaccharides (from Aeromonas...
Conjugation of simple ketoses (such as 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid and N-acetylneuraminic acid) and of various O-specific polysaccharides (from Aeromonas hydrophila and Aeromonas salmonicida) to the bifunctional spacer 1,6-hexanediamine, was achieved by reductive amination. The saccharide--1-(6-amino)-hexane alkyamines obtained were converted into the corresponding isothiocyanate derivatives and coupled to the free epsilon-amino group of lysine residues of the protein carrier bovine serum albumin. In similar manner, the aldehyde group introduced by selective periodate oxidation into the partially O-deacylated lipopolysaccharide of Vibrio anguillarum was conjugated to 1,6-hexanediamine, converted into the corresponding isothiocyanate and covalently attached to bovine serum albumin.
Topics: Glycoconjugates; Hemagglutination Tests; Hydrolysis; Lipopolysaccharides; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Vibrio; Vibrionaceae
PubMed: 2920731
DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1989.tb14597.x -
JAMA Jun 1985Plesiomonas shigelloides was thought to be the cause of diarrhea in six patients seen in Los Angeles. Although this organism is considered to be a cause of diarrhea in...
Plesiomonas shigelloides was thought to be the cause of diarrhea in six patients seen in Los Angeles. Although this organism is considered to be a cause of diarrhea in the Orient, it has infrequently been noted to be associated with diarrhea in North America.
Topics: Adult; Bacterial Infections; California; Clostridium Infections; Diarrhea; Feces; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Seasons; Vibrionaceae
PubMed: 3999315
DOI: 10.1001/jama.253.22.3294 -
Reviews of Infectious Diseases 1988Plesiomonas shigelloides is a gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic rod whose appropriate taxonomic position is presently under investigation. The isolation and... (Review)
Review
Plesiomonas shigelloides is a gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic rod whose appropriate taxonomic position is presently under investigation. The isolation and identification of this microorganism in contaminated specimens (e.g., feces) by a clinical laboratory depend on the screening of gram-negative colonies for oxidase and indole positivity and the appropriate use of selective and differential agars. Plesiomonads have been associated with extraintestinal diseases (bacteremia, meningitis) on rare occasions; they have been recovered sporadically from patients presenting with acute gastroenteritis. Although case reports and epidemiologic data support a role for P. shigelloides in diarrheal disease, laboratory investigations have failed to identify an enteropathogenic mechanism in these bacteria consistently or to reveal an animal model that faithfully reproduces the disease. Moreover, studies with volunteers have failed to establish an etiologic relation between Plesiomonas and bacterial gastroenteritis. An accurate picture of the role of this bacterium in human disease must await future studies.
Topics: Bacterial Infections; Gastroenteritis; Humans; Vibrionaceae
PubMed: 3287561
DOI: 10.1093/clinids/10.2.303 -
BMC Genomics Feb 2007Gamma-proteobacteria, such as Escherichia coli, can use a variety of respiratory substrates employing numerous aerobic and anaerobic respiratory systems controlled by... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Comparative genomic analysis of regulation of anaerobic respiration in ten genomes from three families of gamma-proteobacteria (Enterobacteriaceae, Pasteurellaceae, Vibrionaceae).
BACKGROUND
Gamma-proteobacteria, such as Escherichia coli, can use a variety of respiratory substrates employing numerous aerobic and anaerobic respiratory systems controlled by multiple transcription regulators. Thus, in E. coli, global control of respiration is mediated by four transcription factors, Fnr, ArcA, NarL and NarP. However, in other Gamma-proteobacteria the composition of global respiration regulators may be different.
RESULTS
In this study we applied a comparative genomic approach to the analysis of three global regulatory systems, Fnr, ArcA and NarP. These systems were studied in available genomes containing these three regulators, but lacking NarL. So, we considered several representatives of Pasteurellaceae, Vibrionaceae and Yersinia spp. As a result, we identified new regulon members, functioning in respiration, central metabolism (glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, citrate cicle, metabolism of pyruvate and lactate), metabolism of carbohydrates and fatty acids, transcriptional regulation and transport, in particular: the ATP synthase operon atpIBEFHAGCD, Na+-exporting NADH dehydrogenase operon nqrABCDEF, the D-amino acids dehydrogenase operon dadAX. Using an extension of the comparative technique, we demonstrated taxon-specific changes in regulatory interactions and predicted taxon-specific regulatory cascades.
CONCLUSION
A comparative genomic technique was applied to the analysis of global regulation of respiration in ten gamma-proteobacterial genomes. Three structurally different but functionally related regulatory systems were described. A correlation between the regulon size and the position of a transcription factor in regulatory cascades was observed: regulators with larger regulons tend to occupy top positions in the cascades. On the other hand, there is no obvious link to differences in the species' lifestyles and metabolic capabilities.
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Bacterial Proteins; Enterobacteriaceae; Gammaproteobacteria; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Genome, Bacterial; Genomics; Models, Biological; Pasteurellaceae; Vibrionaceae
PubMed: 17313674
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-8-54 -
Zentralblatt Fur Bakteriologie,... Dec 1984The assimilation techniques described for taxonomic study are unsuitable for routine diagnosis because of the need for purification and standardization of substrates,...
The assimilation techniques described for taxonomic study are unsuitable for routine diagnosis because of the need for purification and standardization of substrates, the great quantity of medium consumed and difficulties in interpreting the results. A standardized micromethod (API strip) for the study of carbon substrate assimilation by bacteria has recently been described (Zbl. Bakt. Hyg., I. Abt. Orig. A 255 (1983) 479-488). The prototype gallery used consisted of two strips of 32 microtubes each containing dehydrated carbon substrate. Each strip contained 30 tests plus positive and negative controls. The suspension medium was a synthetic semi-gel. A total of 914 strains of Gram negative rods representing 44 species of Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae were tested (Table 1). Automatic reading was performed after incubation at 32 degrees C for one day, or two days for slow growing bacteria using an ATB - 1500 reader (API System) linked to a HP 85 microcomputer (Hewlett-Packard). Most species showed typical carbon substrate assimilation patterns allowing their differentiation from other species within each genus (Table 2). The results obtained with the micromethod agreed in large measure with the nutritional patterns reported by other workers. It should be possible to use these results to construct a coherent framework of tests suitable for identifying species of Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae of clinical significance.
Topics: Bacteriological Techniques; Carbon; Enterobacteriaceae; Vibrionaceae
PubMed: 6397943
DOI: 10.1016/s0176-6724(84)80037-1 -
Journal of Microbiology and... Aug 2010Plasmids play important roles in horizontal gene transfer among Vibrionaceae, but surprisingly little is known about their replication and incompatibility systems. In... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Plasmids play important roles in horizontal gene transfer among Vibrionaceae, but surprisingly little is known about their replication and incompatibility systems. In this study, we successfully developed a bioinformatics-assisted strategy of experimental identification of 7 Vibrio plasmid replicons. Comparative sequences analysis of the 7 Vibrio plasmid replicons obtained in this study together with 8 published Vibrionaceae plasmid sequences revealed replication participating elements involved in the ColE1-mode of replication initiation and regulation. Like plasmid ColE1, these Vibrionaceae plasmids encode two RNA species (the primer RNA and the antisense RNA) for replication initiation and regulation and, as a result the 15 Vibrionaceae plasmids were designated as ColE1-like Vibrionaceae (CLV) plasmids. Two subgroups were obtained for the 15 CLV plasmids based on comparison of replicon organization and phylogenetic analysis of replication regions. Coexistence of CLV plasmids has been demonstrated by direct sequencing analysis and southern hybridization, strongly suggesting that the incompatibility of CLV plasmids is determined mainly by the RNAI species like the ColE1-like plasmids. Sequences resembling the conserved Xer recombination sites were also identified on the CLV plasmids, indicating that the CLV plasmids probably use the host site-specific recombination system for multimer resolution like that used by ColE1-like plasmids. All the results indicated that the 15 plasmids form a new ColE1-like group, providing basis for rapid characterization and classification of Vibrionaceae plasmids.
Topics: Base Sequence; DNA Replication; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Conformation; Plasmids; Replication Origin; Sequence Alignment; Vibrionaceae
PubMed: 20798577
DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1003.03007 -
Current Microbiology Mar 2003A numerical taxonomic study was performed on 148 isolates of Gram-negative, heterotrophic, facultative anaerobic bacteria isolated from amberjack (Seriola dumerili) and...
A numerical taxonomic study was performed on 148 isolates of Gram-negative, heterotrophic, facultative anaerobic bacteria isolated from amberjack (Seriola dumerili) and its surrounding culture water. The study included 30 type and reference strains belonging to genera Vibrio, Listonella, and Photobacterium. The strains were characterized by 109 morphological, biochemical, physiological, and nutritional tests. Cluster analysis of similarity matrices obtained with S(SM) and S(J) coefficients was carried out. UPGMA (unweighted pair group mathematical average) analysis defined 11 phena at S(SM) values > or = 86%. Nine phena were identified as Vibrio alginolyticus, V. fischeri, V. harveyi, V. carchariae, V. mediterranei, V. splendidus, V. furnissii, V. parahaemolyticus, and Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae. The two latter comprised strains isolated from diseased fish.
Topics: Animals; Fish Diseases; Kidney Diseases; Liver Diseases; Perciformes; Phenotype; Phylogeny; Seawater; Vibrionaceae
PubMed: 12567241
DOI: 10.1007/s00284-002-3826-2 -
FEMS Microbiology Letters Jul 1992A broad-host-range vibriophage KVP40 originally isolated on Vibrio parahaemolyticus 1010 was restricted and modified by strains of at least five Vibrio and one... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
A broad-host-range vibriophage KVP40 originally isolated on Vibrio parahaemolyticus 1010 was restricted and modified by strains of at least five Vibrio and one Photobacterium species. 1010 was a non-restricting host. An anti-restriction mutant KVP40 aar1 was isolated after propagating the phage on a restricting host, V. anguillarum VIB36. KVP40 aar1 grown on either 1010 or VIB36, as well as the parental phage grown on VIB36, showed much higher efficiencies of plating on all the restricting hosts as compared with the parental phage grown on 1010, indicating that these restricting hosts probably share a common restriction-modification system active in vivo on KVP40.
Topics: DNA Restriction-Modification Enzymes; Photobacterium; Vibrio cholerae; Vibrio parahaemolyticus; Vibrionaceae
PubMed: 1521769
DOI: 10.1016/0378-1097(92)90607-p -
International Journal of Systematic and... Sep 2016A novel Gram-stain-negative bacterium, named strain NSCS20N07DT, was isolated from surface seawater of the South China Sea. Cells of this strain contained...
A novel Gram-stain-negative bacterium, named strain NSCS20N07DT, was isolated from surface seawater of the South China Sea. Cells of this strain contained poly-β-hydroxybutyrate granules. Growth was observed at 15-35 °C with optimum of 30 °C, at a salinity range of 1-6 % (w/v) NaCl with optimum of 3 % and at pH 5-8 with optimum of pH 5. The full-length 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain NSCS20N07DT showed highest similarity to Photobacterium iliopiscarium ATCC 51760T of 96.0 %, followed by Photobacterium kishitanii pjapo.1.1T, Photobacterium phosphoreum ATCC 11040T and Photobacterium aquimaris LC2-065T of 96.0, 95.8 and 95.7 %, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain NSCS20N07DT formed a separate clade distinct from species of the genus Photobacterium and other genera within the family Vibrionaceae, indicating that strain NSCS20N07DT represented a novel genus affiliated with this family. The genome size of strain NSCS20N07DT was 2.5 Mb, which was much smaller than those of related species in the family Vibrionaceae. The predominant fatty acids were C16 : 0, C17 : 0 cyclo, C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c, C18 : 0 and summed feature 2 (C14 : 0 3-OH/iso-C16 : 1 I). The respiratory quinone was Q-8. The polar lipids were identified as phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and four unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content was 30.7 mol%. Combined, these results suggest that strain NSCS20N07DT represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Paraphotobacterium marinum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Paraphotobacterium marinum is NSCS20N07DT (=KCTC 52126T=MCCC 1A01886T=CIP 111031T).
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; China; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Hydroxybutyrates; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Polyesters; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Salinity; Seawater; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Ubiquinone; Vibrionaceae
PubMed: 27154455
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001142