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Indian Journal of Gastroenterology :... Oct 2021The aim of this study was to find out the clinical spectrum of acute viral hepatitis A (AVH-A) infection in children, the relationship between atypical manifestations...
BACKGROUND/AIM
The aim of this study was to find out the clinical spectrum of acute viral hepatitis A (AVH-A) infection in children, the relationship between atypical manifestations and laboratory findings and the outcome of patients with typical and atypical hepatitis A virus (HAV) manifestations.
METHODS
From January 2018 to September 2019, consecutive children (<18 years of age) with features suggestive of AVH with positive IgM anti-HAV both from inpatient and outpatient services were included in this study. Detailed history, physical findings, and investigations were recorded in the study questionnaire. Patients were followed up weekly until complete recovery. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 was used for statistical analysis.
RESULT
The mean age of 200 children who were finally included in the study was 8.3±3.5 years with male to female ratio of 134:66. Atypical features were present in 30 (15%) children; prolonged cholestasis (17, 8.5%), ascites (12, 6%), pleural effusion (4, 2%), thrombocytopenia (2, 1%), and hemolysis (1, 0.5%) were observed. Pruritus (p=0.005), higher serum total and direct bilirubin (p=0.00 and 0.001 respectively), and lower serum albumin (p=0.01) levels were statistically significant in children with atypical manifestations. Moreover, this group had prolonged mean duration of jaundice and hospital course (p=0.00 and 0.083 respectively).
CONCLUSION
Atypical manifestations such as prolonged cholestasis and ascites are not uncommon in children with AVH-A in developing countries and seen in almost one-sixth of patients.
Topics: Ascites; Bangladesh; Child; Cholestasis; Female; Hepatitis A; Hepatitis A virus; Hepatitis, Viral, Human; Humans; Male
PubMed: 34783989
DOI: 10.1007/s12664-021-01200-9 -
American Journal of Preventive Medicine 1994
Comparative Study Review
Topics: Acute Disease; Hepatitis A; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis D; Hepatitis, Viral, Human; Humans
PubMed: 7841006
DOI: No ID Found -
Urologic Nursing Feb 2004
Review
Topics: Hepatitis A; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C; Humans; Viral Hepatitis Vaccines
PubMed: 15054914
DOI: No ID Found -
Viruses Jan 2023Viral hepatitis is an infection of human hepatocytes resulting in liver damage. Dual infection of two hepatotropic viruses affects disease outcomes. The hepatitis A... (Review)
Review
Viral hepatitis is an infection of human hepatocytes resulting in liver damage. Dual infection of two hepatotropic viruses affects disease outcomes. The hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) are two enterically transmitted viruses; they are single-stranded RNA viruses and have common modes of transmission. They are transmitted mainly by the fecal-oral route and ingestion of contaminated food, though the HAV has no animal reservoirs. The HAV and HEV cause acute self-limiting disease; however, the HEV, but not HAV, can progress to chronic and extrahepatic infections. The HAV/HEV dual infection was reported among acute hepatitis patients present in developing countries. The impact of the HAV/HEV on the prognosis for acute hepatitis is not completely understood. Studies showed that the HAV/HEV dual infection increased abnormalities in the liver leading to fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) with a higher mortality rate compared to infection with a single virus. On the other hand, other reports showed that the clinical symptoms of the HAV/HEV dual infection were comparable to symptoms associated with the HAV or HEV monoinfection. This review highlights the modes of transmission, the prevalence of the HAV/HEV dual infection in various countries and among several study subjects, the possible outcomes of this dual infection, potential model systems for studying this dual infection, and methods of prevention of this dual infection and its associated complications.
Topics: Humans; Hepatitis E virus; Hepatitis A virus; Hepatitis A; Hepatitis E
PubMed: 36851512
DOI: 10.3390/v15020298 -
Gastroenterologie Clinique Et Biologique 1992
Review
Topics: Adult; Hepatitis A; Humans; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Viral Hepatitis Vaccines
PubMed: 1426821
DOI: No ID Found -
Giornale Di Clinica Medica Dec 1988
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Hepatitis A; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C; Hepatitis D; Hepatitis, Viral, Human; Humans
PubMed: 3149597
DOI: No ID Found -
Australian Family Physician May 1978It is now possible to define two forms of acute viral hepatitis by means of specific serological tests and at least one other form by exclusion. These diseases are known...
It is now possible to define two forms of acute viral hepatitis by means of specific serological tests and at least one other form by exclusion. These diseases are known as hepatitis A, hepatitis B and non A non B hepatitis respectively. Major features of the virology, pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis, epidemiology, mode of spread and control of each disease are briefly reviewed.
Topics: Acute Disease; Antibodies, Viral; Australia; Hepatitis A; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B Antigens; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis, Viral, Human; Hepatovirus; Humans
PubMed: 208497
DOI: No ID Found -
Postgraduate Medicine Jan 1976Hepatitis A is most often transmitted by the fecal-oral route under conditions of crowding, poor hygiene, and prolonged exposure to infected persons. Direct spread of...
Hepatitis A is most often transmitted by the fecal-oral route under conditions of crowding, poor hygiene, and prolonged exposure to infected persons. Direct spread of hepatitis B via person-to person contact has only recently been proved. Hepatitis B is usually transmitted indirectly proved. Hepatitis B is usually transmitted indirectly by percutaneous routes, and the increase in drug abuse has brought about a change in its epidemiologic pattern.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Female; Hepatitis A; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatovirus; Humans; Male; Pregnancy; United States
PubMed: 174067
DOI: 10.1080/00325481.1976.11716523 -
Lancet (London, England) Jan 1966
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency; Greece; Hepatitis A; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Jaundice, Neonatal; Liver Function Tests
PubMed: 4159087
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(66)90098-5 -
The Journal of Infectious Diseases Sep 1969
Topics: Antigens; Hepatitis A; Hepatovirus; Humans
PubMed: 4309807
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/120.3.391