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Poultry Science Nov 1980This study showed that ultrastructure of the vitelline membrane degenerated with degree of yolk mottling. The more severe the mottling the greater the damage to the...
This study showed that ultrastructure of the vitelline membrane degenerated with degree of yolk mottling. The more severe the mottling the greater the damage to the membrane. The vitelline membrane appears to be composed of three separate structures. The primary matrix (probably collagen) retains its composition until mottling is most severe; then this structure starts to come apart and lose its integrity. The secondary matrix (probably mucin) aids in holding the primary structure in a fixed position. When this structure is removed there is movement in the primary matrix causing large holes to appear. The tertiary matrix (also mucin) is the quickest to disintegrate. The tertiary matrix covers the other structures much like the cuticle around the egg shell. Once it is removed, the remaining structures are open to stress and damage as mottling increases.
Topics: Animals; Chickens; Egg Yolk; Female; Vitelline Membrane
PubMed: 7193324
DOI: 10.3382/ps.0592449 -
Journal of Agricultural and Food... Feb 2010The histological structures of the vitelline membranes (VM) of hen and duck eggs were observed by cryo-scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM), and the chemical... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The histological structures of the vitelline membranes (VM) of hen and duck eggs were observed by cryo-scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM), and the chemical characteristics were also compared. The outer layer surface (OLS) of duck egg VM showed networks constructed by fibrils and sheets (0.1-5.2 microm in width), and that of hen egg presented networks formed only by sheets (2-6 microm in width). Thicker fibrils (0.5-1.5 microm in width) with different arrangement were observed on the inner layer surface (ILS) of duck egg VM as compared to those (0.3-0.7 microm in width) of hen egg VM. Upon separation, the outer surface of the outer layer (OSOL) and the inner surface of the inner layer (ISIL) of hen and duck egg VMs were quite similar to fresh VM except that the OSOL of duck egg VM showed networks constructed only by sheets. Thin fibrils interlaced above a bumpy or flat structure were observed at the exposed surface of the outer layer (ESOL) of hen and duck egg VMs. The exposed surfaces of inner layers (ESIL) of hen and duck egg VMs showed similar structures of fibrils, which joined, branched, and ran in straight lines for long distances up to 30 microm; however, the widths of the fibrils shown in ESOL and ESIL of duck egg VM were 0.1 and 0.7-1.4 microm, respectively, and were greater than those (<0.1 and 0.5-0.8 microm) of hen egg VM. The continuous membranes of both hen and duck egg VMs were still attached to the outer layers when separated. The content of protein, the major component of VM, was higher in duck egg VM (88.6%) than in hen egg VM (81.6%). Four and six major SDS-soluble protein patterns with distinct localization were observed in hen and duck egg VMs, respectively. Overall, the different histological structures of hen and duck egg VMs were suggested to be majorly attributable to the diverse protein components.
Topics: Animals; Chickens; Cryoelectron Microscopy; Ducks; Vitelline Membrane
PubMed: 20055415
DOI: 10.1021/jf903924g -
The Biological Bulletin Oct 1948
Topics: Animals; Cell Membrane; Polychaeta; Vitelline Membrane
PubMed: 18933446
DOI: No ID Found -
Developmental Biology Aug 2010The Drosophila eggshell is a specialised extracellular matrix (ECM) that surrounds and protects the oocyte and the embryo until its eclosion. In addition, the vitelline...
The Drosophila eggshell is a specialised extracellular matrix (ECM) that surrounds and protects the oocyte and the embryo until its eclosion. In addition, the vitelline membrane, the innermost layer of the eggshell, holds the local determinant required to activate the Torso RTK pathway, which establishes the embryonic terminal regions. Here we report the identification and characterisation of closca, a gene encoding a new member of a group of proteins that act non-redundantly in vitelline membrane biogenesis and in Torso signalling. We also show that the Nasrat protein, another member of this group, is incorporated into the vitelline membrane, thereby indicating that the eggshell is a shared ECM that receives contributions from both follicle cells and the germline. This observation also provides a new scenario that accounts for the long known contribution of germline products to vitelline membrane biogenesis and to the follicle cell-dependent activation of the Torso receptor.
Topics: Alleles; Animals; Drosophila Proteins; Drosophila melanogaster; Extracellular Matrix; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Germ Cells; Membrane Proteins; Models, Biological; Mutation; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Vitelline Membrane
PubMed: 20457146
DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.05.002 -
Trends in Genetics : TIG Nov 1996
Topics: Animals; DNA-Binding Proteins; Early Growth Response Protein 2; Embryo, Nonmammalian; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; In Situ Hybridization; Transcription Factors; Vitelline Membrane; Xenopus
PubMed: 8973154
DOI: 10.1016/0168-9525(96)99990-4 -
Comparative Biochemistry and... 19831. In the fertile chicken egg the albumen had higher carbohydrate concentration than the yolk with the highest concentration in the vicinity of the vitelline and shell...
1. In the fertile chicken egg the albumen had higher carbohydrate concentration than the yolk with the highest concentration in the vicinity of the vitelline and shell membranes. 2. The mean half-life of glucose in the albumen was 18 hr during the first day of incubation. 3. Vitelline membrane was found to be freely permeable to glucose both from albumen to yolk and from yolk to albumen. 4. The amount of carbohydrate strongly linked to protein (glycoprotein) is similar in yolk and albumen. 5. There is an in vivo as well as in vitro fixation of free glucose by the albumen proteins. 6. Most carbohydrate of the fertile chicken egg was found to be loosely-linked to protein.
Topics: Animals; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Chick Embryo; Egg Proteins; Egg Yolk; Female; Glucose; Half-Life; Ovalbumin; Permeability; Vitelline Membrane
PubMed: 6682745
DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(83)90051-2 -
Science (New York, N.Y.) Aug 1950
Topics: Animals; Ascariasis; Ascaris; Ascaris lumbricoides; Vitelline Membrane
PubMed: 15442285
DOI: 10.1126/science.112.2902.167 -
Advances in Anatomy, Embryology, and... 1977
Comparative Study Review
Topics: Animals; Arteries; Capillaries; Female; Guinea Pigs; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Morphogenesis; Placenta; Pregnancy; Regional Blood Flow; Time Factors; Veins; Vitelline Membrane
PubMed: 331890
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-66618-6 -
Current Biology : CB Jul 2003Recent data indicate that Torsolike, a spatial cue for patterning terminal structures of a Drosophila embryo, is stably anchored in the fruitfly eggshell; an as yet... (Review)
Review
Recent data indicate that Torsolike, a spatial cue for patterning terminal structures of a Drosophila embryo, is stably anchored in the fruitfly eggshell; an as yet unidentified factor is required for the high activity of Torsolike at the embryo termini.
Topics: Animals; Drosophila; Drosophila Proteins; Embryo, Nonmammalian; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Membrane Proteins; Models, Molecular; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf; Signal Transduction; Vitelline Membrane
PubMed: 12842025
DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9822(03)00441-x -
Medical Journal of Osaka University Mar 1962
Topics: Animals; Annelida; Eggs; Ovum; Polychaeta; Vitelline Membrane
PubMed: 13919156
DOI: No ID Found