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BJOG : An International Journal of... Jan 2003
Topics: Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Angiography; Ultrasonography, Doppler; Vulva
PubMed: 12504961
DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-0528.2003.01039.x -
Aesthetic Surgery Journal May 2015Many studies of techniques to reduce the labia minora have been published in recent decades, including case reports and retrospective case series. However, to date,... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Many studies of techniques to reduce the labia minora have been published in recent decades, including case reports and retrospective case series. However, to date, there has been no study of the overall complications or satisfaction rates associated with the broad spectrum of techniques.
OBJECTIVES
The authors performed a comprehensive literature review to determine outcomes and complications of labiaplasty techniques, including patient satisfaction.
METHODS
A search on PubMed/Medline was performed with the keywords labiaplasty, labioplasty, labial hypertrophy, and techniques plus labia minora reduction. The inclusion criterion was clinical studies in which techniques of labia minora reduction were described. Excluded from the study were publications not dealing with surgical procedures and review articles.
RESULTS
Thirty-eight studies, published from 1971 through 2014, were included; this represented 1981 treated patients. Eight labiaplasty techniques were identified from these studies: edge resection, wedge resection, deepithelialization, W-plasty, laser labiaplasty, custom flask, fenestration, and composite reduction. Satisfactory results, judged from clinical examination, were observed with all 8 techniques. Few postoperative complications occurred. In a small number of cases, complications required surgical revision or secondary resection.
CONCLUSIONS
All 8 labiaplasty techniques resulted in good outcomes, including high patient satisfaction and low morbidity.
Topics: Female; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures; Humans; Patient Satisfaction; Postoperative Complications; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Vulva
PubMed: 25908699
DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjv023 -
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of... Aug 2017The female perineum has a complex anatomy and can be involved by a wide range of pathologies. In this article, we specifically focus on the clitoris, labia, and... (Review)
Review
The female perineum has a complex anatomy and can be involved by a wide range of pathologies. In this article, we specifically focus on the clitoris, labia, and introitus. We discuss the normal anatomy of these structures, the MR imaging techniques to optimize their evaluation, and several common and uncommon entities that may affect them, including benign and malignant tumors, as well as infectious and inflammatory, vascular, iatrogenic, and developmental entities.
Topics: Clitoris; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Perineum; Vulva
PubMed: 28668154
DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2017.03.011 -
BioEssays : News and Reviews in... Jul 2018
Topics: Animals; Evolution, Molecular; Female; Nematoda; Vulva; Wnt Signaling Pathway
PubMed: 29876947
DOI: 10.1002/bies.201820275 -
European Journal of Obstetrics,... Sep 2001Paravaginal delivery is extremely rare. Perineal delivery was reported in just fewer than 100 cases, most of which occurred in the 19th and early 20th century. To our...
Paravaginal delivery is extremely rare. Perineal delivery was reported in just fewer than 100 cases, most of which occurred in the 19th and early 20th century. To our knowledge this is the first case of labial delivery to be reported. The baby delivered through a lateral vaginal tear and through the labia majora with little trauma to the underlying tissues. Explanations of how this could have happened and how to prevent it are discussed.
Topics: Adult; Delivery, Obstetric; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Male; Pregnancy; Suture Techniques; Vagina; Vulva
PubMed: 11516813
DOI: 10.1016/s0301-2115(00)00566-2 -
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Sep 1984Labia minora that protrude past the labia majora are aesthetically and functionally unsatisfactory to some women. Historically, female circumcision has been practiced in...
Labia minora that protrude past the labia majora are aesthetically and functionally unsatisfactory to some women. Historically, female circumcision has been practiced in Islamic/Arabic countries for many centuries and is still commonly practiced in these countries. Three case reports present middle-aged women who were dissatisfied with the size and protuberance of the labia minora, and an aesthetic labioplasty was performed in these three women. The technical aspects of this procedure are outlined, and a representative case with 3-month follow-up is presented pictorially.
Topics: Adult; Clitoris; Esthetics; Female; Humans; Hypertrophy; Surgery, Plastic; Vulva
PubMed: 6473559
DOI: 10.1097/00006534-198409000-00015 -
Michigan Medicine Jan 1967
Topics: Child; Child Care; Female; Health Education; Humans; Tissue Adhesions; Vulva
PubMed: 6037134
DOI: No ID Found -
Clinical Anatomy (New York, N.Y.) Mar 2024An understanding of ranges in clitoral anatomy is important for clinicians caring for patients including those who have had female genital mutilation, women seeking... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
An understanding of ranges in clitoral anatomy is important for clinicians caring for patients including those who have had female genital mutilation, women seeking genital cosmetic surgery, or trans women seeking reconstructive surgery. The aim of this meta-analysis is to investigate the ranges in clitoral measurements within the literature. A meta-analysis was performed on Ovid Medline and Embase databases following the PRISMA protocol. Measurements of clitoral structures from magnetic imaging resonance, ultrasound, cadaveric, and living women were extracted and analyzed. Twenty-one studies met the inclusion criteria. The range in addition to the average length and width of the glans (6.40 mm; 5.14 mm), body (25.46 mm; 9.00 mm), crura (52.41 mm; 8.71 mm), bulb (52.00 mm; 10.33 mm), and prepuce (23.19 mm) was calculated. Furthermore, the range and average distance from the clitoris to the external urethral meatus (22.27 mm), vagina (43.14 mm), and anus (76.30 mm) was documented. All erectile and non-erectile structures of the clitoris present with substantial range. It is imperative to expand the literature on clitoral measurements and disseminate the new results to healthcare professionals and the public to reduce the sense of inadequacy and the chances of iatrogenic damage during surgery.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Clitoris; Vulva; Vagina; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
PubMed: 37775965
DOI: 10.1002/ca.24113 -
Seminars in Dermatology Mar 1989
Review
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Female; Forearm; Humans; Middle Aged; Skin; Skin Physiological Phenomena; Vulva; Water Loss, Insensible
PubMed: 2701705
DOI: No ID Found -
Annals of Allergy 1951
Topics: Female; Humans; Pruritus; Pruritus Vulvae; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Vulva
PubMed: 14800204
DOI: No ID Found