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Journal of the Chinese Medical... Feb 2018Wound healing is an important physiological process to maintain the integrity of skin after trauma, either by accident or by intent procedure. The normal wound healing... (Review)
Review
Wound healing is an important physiological process to maintain the integrity of skin after trauma, either by accident or by intent procedure. The normal wound healing involves three successive but overlapping phases, including hemostasis/inflammatory phase, proliferative phase, and remodeling phase. Aberration of wound healing, such as excessive wound healing (hypertrophic scar and keloid) or chronic wound (ulcer) impairs the normal physical function. A large number of sophisticated experimental studies have provided insights into wound healing. This article highlights the information after 2010, and the main text includes (i) wound healing; (ii) wound healing in fetus and adult; (iii) prostaglandins and wound healing; (iv) the pathogenesis of excessive wound healing; (v) the epidemiology of excessive wound healing; (vi) in vitro and in vivo studies for excessive wound healing; (vii) stem cell therapy for excessive wound healing; and (viii) the prevention strategy for excessive wound healing.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Humans; MicroRNAs; Prostaglandin Antagonists; Prostaglandins; Stem Cell Transplantation; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Wound Healing
PubMed: 29169897
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcma.2017.11.002 -
The Journal of International Medical... 2009Wound healing remains a challenging clinical problem and correct, efficient wound management is essential. Much effort has been focused on wound care with an emphasis on... (Review)
Review
Wound healing remains a challenging clinical problem and correct, efficient wound management is essential. Much effort has been focused on wound care with an emphasis on new therapeutic approaches and the development of technologies for acute and chronic wound management. Wound healing involves multiple cell populations, the extracellular matrix and the action of soluble mediators such as growth factors and cytokines. Although the process of healing is continuous, it may be arbitrarily divided into four phases: (i) coagulation and haemostasis; (ii) inflammation; (iii) proliferation; and (iv) wound remodelling with scar tissue formation. The correct approach to wound management may effectively influence the clinical outcome. This review discusses wound classification, the physiology of the wound healing process and the methods used in wound management.
Topics: Humans; Wound Healing; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 19930861
DOI: 10.1177/147323000903700531 -
Science Advances May 2023Skin injuries across the body continue to disrupt everyday life for millions of patients and result in prolonged hospital stays, infection, and death. Advances in wound... (Review)
Review
Skin injuries across the body continue to disrupt everyday life for millions of patients and result in prolonged hospital stays, infection, and death. Advances in wound healing devices have improved clinical practice but have mainly focused on treating macroscale healing versus underlying microscale pathophysiology. Consensus is lacking on optimal treatment strategies using a spectrum of wound healing products, which has motivated the design of new therapies. We summarize advances in the development of novel drug, biologic products, and biomaterial therapies for wound healing for marketed therapies and those in clinical trials. We also share perspectives for successful and accelerated translation of novel integrated therapies for wound healing.
Topics: Humans; Wound Healing; Biocompatible Materials
PubMed: 37196080
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade7007 -
Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North... Aug 2011It is important to understand the histology and physiology of skin for the prediction and optimization of wound healing. Optimal postoperative wound healing to minimize... (Review)
Review
It is important to understand the histology and physiology of skin for the prediction and optimization of wound healing. Optimal postoperative wound healing to minimize scarring entails minimizing local, systemic, and environmental factors that lead to poor wound healing. Keeping the wound clean and moist, minimizing trauma, and infection are the local wound tenets. Systemic tenets include minimizing medications that inhibit processes of wound healing, maintaining adequate nutrition, pain palliation, UV protection, and smoking cessation. This article presents the dynamic process of wound healing and the basic tenets to minimize scarring.
Topics: Age Factors; Cicatrix; Diabetes Mellitus; Humans; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Skin; Skin Physiological Phenomena; Smoking; Wound Healing
PubMed: 21856533
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsc.2011.06.009 -
European Surgical Research. Europaische... 2017The integrity of healthy skin plays a crucial role in maintaining physiological homeostasis of the human body. The skin is the largest organ system of the body. As such,... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The integrity of healthy skin plays a crucial role in maintaining physiological homeostasis of the human body. The skin is the largest organ system of the body. As such, it plays pivotal roles in the protection against mechanical forces and infections, fluid imbalance, and thermal dysregulation. At the same time, it allows for flexibility to enable joint function in some areas of the body and more rigid fixation to hinder shifting of the palm or foot sole. Many instances lead to inadequate wound healing which necessitates medical intervention. Chronic conditions such as diabetes mellitus or peripheral vascular disease can lead to impaired wound healing. Acute trauma such as degloving or large-scale thermal injuries are followed by a loss of skin organ function rendering the organism vulnerable to infections, thermal dysregulation, and fluid loss.
METHODS
For this update article, we have reviewed the actual literature on skin wound healing purposes focusing on the main phases of wound healing, i.e., inflammation, proliferation, epithelialization, angiogenesis, remodeling, and scarring.
RESULTS
The reader will get briefed on new insights and up-to-date concepts in skin wound healing. The macrophage as a key player in the inflammatory phase will be highlighted. During the epithelialization process, we will present the different concepts of how the wound will get closed, e.g., leapfrogging, lamellipodial crawling, shuffling, and the stem cell niche. The neovascularization represents an essential component in wound healing due to its fundamental impact from the very beginning after skin injury until the end of the wound remodeling. Here, the distinct pattern of the neovascularization process and the special new functions of the pericyte will be underscored. At the end, this update will present 3 topics of high interest in skin wound healing issues, dealing with scarring, tissue engineering, and plasma application.
CONCLUSION
Although wound healing mechanisms and specific cell functions in wound repair have been delineated in part, many underlying pathophysiological processes are still unknown. The purpose of the following update on skin wound healing is to focus on the different phases and to brief the reader on the current knowledge and new insights. Skin wound healing is a complex process, which is dependent on many cell types and mediators interacting in a highly sophisticated temporal sequence. Although some interactions during the healing process are crucial, redundancy is high and other cells or mediators can adopt functions or signaling without major complications.
Topics: Animals; Argon Plasma Coagulation; Cell Proliferation; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; Cicatrix; Humans; Inflammation; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Re-Epithelialization; Tissue Engineering; Wound Healing
PubMed: 27974711
DOI: 10.1159/000454919 -
The Surgical Clinics of North America Aug 2020
Topics: Health Care Costs; Humans; Wound Closure Techniques; Wound Healing
PubMed: 32681879
DOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2020.05.012 -
Regenerative Medicine Jan 2016Despite diverse methods being applied to induce wound healing, many wounds remain recalcitrant to all treatments. Photobiomodulation involves inducing wound healing by... (Review)
Review
Despite diverse methods being applied to induce wound healing, many wounds remain recalcitrant to all treatments. Photobiomodulation involves inducing wound healing by illuminating wounds with light emitting diodes or lasers. While used on different animal models, in vitro, and clinically, wound healing is induced by many different wavelengths and powers with no optimal set of parameters yet being identified. While data suggest that simultaneous multiple wavelength illumination is more efficacious than single wavelengths, the optimal single and multiple wavelengths must be better defined to induce more reliable and extensive healing of different wound types. This review focuses on studies in which specific wavelengths induce wound healing and on their mechanisms of action.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Light; Low-Level Light Therapy; Neuroprotection; Wound Healing
PubMed: 26681143
DOI: 10.2217/rme.15.82 -
The British Journal of Dermatology Aug 2015A considerable understanding of the fundamental cellular and molecular mechanisms underpinning healthy acute wound healing has been gleaned from studying various animal... (Review)
Review
A considerable understanding of the fundamental cellular and molecular mechanisms underpinning healthy acute wound healing has been gleaned from studying various animal models, and we are now unravelling the mechanisms that lead to chronic wounds and pathological healing including fibrosis. A small cut will normally heal in days through tight orchestration of cell migration and appropriate levels of inflammation, innervation and angiogenesis. Major surgeries may take several weeks to heal and leave behind a noticeable scar. At the extreme end, chronic wounds - defined as a barrier defect that has not healed in 3 months - have become a major therapeutic challenge throughout the Western world and will only increase as our populations advance in age, and with the increasing incidence of diabetes, obesity and vascular disorders. Here we describe the clinical problems and how, through better dialogue between basic researchers and clinicians, we may extend our current knowledge to enable the development of novel potential therapeutic treatments.
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Chronic Disease; Cicatrix; Disease Models, Animal; Drosophila; Granulation Tissue; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Inflammation; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Nerve Regeneration; Re-Epithelialization; Wound Healing; Wound Infection; Zebrafish
PubMed: 26175283
DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13954 -
Journal of Cellular Physiology Jun 2019Wound healing is a complex but a fine-tuned biological process in which human skin has the ability to regenerate itself following damage. However, in particular... (Review)
Review
Wound healing is a complex but a fine-tuned biological process in which human skin has the ability to regenerate itself following damage. However, in particular conditions such as deep burn or diabetes the process of wound healing is compromised. Despite investigations on the potency of a wide variety of stem cells for wound healing, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) seem to possess the least limitations for clinical applications, and literature showed that ASCs can improve the process of wound healing very likely by promoting angiogenesis and/or vascularisation, modulating immune response, and inducing epithelialization in the wound. In the present review, advantages and disadvantages of various stem cells which can be used for promoting wound healing are discussed. In addition, potential mechanisms of action by which ASCs may accelerate wound healing are summarised. Finally, clinical studies applying ASCs for wound healing and the associated limitations are reviewed.
Topics: Adipocytes; Cell Differentiation; Humans; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Re-Epithelialization; Skin; Wound Healing
PubMed: 30515810
DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27922 -
Journal of Drugs in Dermatology : JDD Apr 2018Chronic wounds, such as pressure ulcers, diabetic foot ulcers, and venous leg ulcers, are associated with high costs, poor quality of life, and significant morbidity and... (Review)
Review
Chronic wounds, such as pressure ulcers, diabetic foot ulcers, and venous leg ulcers, are associated with high costs, poor quality of life, and significant morbidity and mortality. A chronic wound develops when progression through the normal phases of wound healing goes awry, creating a hostile environment with elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), destruction of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, and diminished activity of growth factors and other soluble mediators. The advent of advanced wound care therapies allows for a targeted approach to the treatment of nonhealing wounds by addressing specific molecular defects in healing. Collagen is an essential building block of the skin that when utilized as an adjunctive wound therapy stimulates and recruits immune cells and fibroblasts and martyrs itself for degradation by MMPs, thereby preserving native ECM structure and promoting healing. Particulate or powdered collagen is processed to minimize covalent cross-linking and is purported to exert its biologic activity immediately upon application. This article critically reviews the current evidence for collagen powder as an adjunctive therapy for chronic wounds and presents indications, limitations, and principles of use. In general, there is a need for high quality studies and randomized control trials to support its use in clinical practice.
J Drugs Dermatol. 2018;17(4):403-408.
.Topics: Animals; Bandages; Collagen; Humans; Matrix Metalloproteinases; Powders; Wound Healing
PubMed: 29601617
DOI: No ID Found