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Dental Research Journal 2024This review aims to perform a complete evaluation of the impact of photobiomodulation (PMB) on postoperative endodontic pain. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
This review aims to perform a complete evaluation of the impact of photobiomodulation (PMB) on postoperative endodontic pain.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The PRISMA checklist was used to perform this systematic review. The electronic databases were searched, including Google Scholar, PubMed, and Embase. Sixty-three papers were obtained through a main electronic search and a hand search. Nine trials met the criteria after screening the titles, abstracts, and/or full texts.
RESULTS
Seven out of nine studies showed that PMB has a significant impact on relieving postoperative endodontic pain, with no statistically significant difference in the severity of pain between the laser and control groups in the two remaining studies. In addition, eight studies showed no adverse effects, indicating that we can remove the adverse effects of drugs such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. However, one study showed evidence of the consequences of PMB application on teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Therefore, it can be concluded that PMB should not be used in teeth with pain because of irreversible pulpitis.
CONCLUSION
Although there is some understanding from a cellular viewpoint of the effects of PMB, there is still some uncertainty about whether these cell-level modifications impact reducing the postendodontic pain.
PubMed: 38425318
DOI: No ID Found -
Dentistry Journal Jan 2024Oral cancer is one of the major public health issues in Pakistan and is the second most common malignancy in the country. This is mainly attributed to the widespread use... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Oral cancer is one of the major public health issues in Pakistan and is the second most common malignancy in the country. This is mainly attributed to the widespread use of smokeless tobacco products, cigarettes, and paan without tobacco. This review aims to go beyond commonly discussed factors and, consequently, to provide a comprehensive picture of all the multi-faceted contributors to the high prevalence of the carcinoma of the oral cavity, including the role of human papillomavirus and genetic predisposition. The aim is to synthesise all available evidence on the predisposing factors of oral carcinoma in Pakistan.
METHODS
This is a comprehensive systematic review of all observational studies investigating the contributing factors of malignancy of the oral cavity in Pakistan, and it strictly follows the PRISMA guidelines. Multiple databases, such as PubMed, EBSCO CINAHL Plus, SCOPUS, and Ovid Medline, were used to find studies, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was searched for existing/ongoing reviews carried out on the same topic. A meta-synthesis of selected studies was carried out to create robust and statistically valid conclusions.
RESULTS
ST and cigarette smoking were found to be the major contributors to the burden of carcinoma of the lip and oral cavity. The included studies indicated that genetic predisposition and human papillomavirus could be major risk factors for the disease in the Pakistani population, but not enough research has been carried out to find their true impact.
CONCLUSIONS
Smokeless tobacco, cigarette smoking, genetic predisposition, and human papillomavirus can be considered significant risk factors for oral cancer in Pakistan.
PubMed: 38392229
DOI: 10.3390/dj12020025 -
Evidence-based Dentistry Jun 2024This systematic review investigates the association between peri-implantitis, an infectious/inflammatory disease sharing clinical and radiographic characteristics with...
BACKGROUND
This systematic review investigates the association between peri-implantitis, an infectious/inflammatory disease sharing clinical and radiographic characteristics with periodontitis, and systemic inflammation.
DATA SOURCES
This study, adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, systematically reviewed available evidence up to February 9, 2023. Searches were carried out across eight electronic databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source, Scopus, LILACS, and China Online), ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), and gray literature.
STUDY SELECTION
The review encompasses human studies, including randomised controlled trials, non-randomised intervention studies, cohort studies, case-control, and cross-sectional studies, yielded 27 full-text articles, with 11 clinical studies meeting inclusion criteria, and 9 articles included in the meta-analysis.
DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS
Two independent reviewers carried out data extraction using the PECOS /PICOS tool (Patients, Exposure, Comparison, Outcomes, Study designs). The evaluation of the quality and risk of bias in observational studies, randomised controlled trials, and non-randomised studies of interventions was conducted utilising the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), the revised Cochrane tool (RoB 2), and the ROBINS-I tool, respectively. Qualitative and quantitative analyses, including weighted mean differences (WMDs) and standard mean differences (SMD), were conducted using Stata/MP 17.0. Heterogeneity was assessed with the Q-statistic method. Pooled estimates, addressing potential inter-study heterogeneity, were calculated with random effects models. Significance criteria were set at p < 0.05. Publication bias was examined via funnel plot and Egger's test. Sensitivity analyses were predefined. Meta-analyses adhered to GRADE approach for inflammatory biomarkers/outcomes evaluation.
RESULTS
Patients with peri-implantitis exhibited elevated levels of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) (standard mean difference (SMD): 4.68, 98.7% CI: 2.12 to 7.25), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (weighted mean difference (WMD): 6.27 pg/mL, 0% CI: 5.01 to 7.54), and white blood cell counts (WMD: 1.16 * 103/mL, 0% CI: 0.61 to 1.70) compared to those without peri-implantitis.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings underscore a significant link between peri-implantitis and heightened systemic inflammation, emphasising the need for further research to elucidate the precise nature of this association.
Topics: Humans; Peri-Implantitis; Inflammation; Periodontitis
PubMed: 38360889
DOI: 10.1038/s41432-024-00985-w -
The Journal of Contemporary Dental... Nov 2023This article aimed to review the association of oral microbiota with digestive cancer (DC).
AIM
This article aimed to review the association of oral microbiota with digestive cancer (DC).
BACKGROUND
Oral microbiota is one of the most complex ecosystems in our body. The mouth, from which the digestive system starts, may be a source of an abundant taxonomic group of microbiotas that travel to the digestive system followed by growth, reproduction, and settlement, forming a complex microecological environment causing systemic and gastrointestinal (GI) disease.
REVIEW RESULTS
A total of 14 articles were chosen for review. Most studies were case-control. Both positive and negative associations were seen between oral microbiome and DC.
CONCLUSION
Digestive cancer may be associated with distinctive oral microbial character.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The present systematic review enlightens the risk of digestive carcinoma with oral microbiota that may act as a biomarker for early diagnosis of DC in a more comfortable, acceptable, and noninvasive way. How to cite this article: Ikbal SKA, Yadav SK, Mehrotra R, . Oral Microbiota as a Diagnostic Biomarker of Digestive Cancer: A Systematic Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2023;24(11):902-911.
Topics: Humans; Biomarkers; Microbiota; Mouth; Neoplasms
PubMed: 38238280
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3598 -
Evidence-based Dentistry Jan 2024
Correction: Comparing clinical outcomes of immediate implant placement with early implant placement in healthy adult patients requiring single-tooth replacement in the aesthetic zone: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
PubMed: 38233542
DOI: 10.1038/s41432-024-00968-x -
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Dec 2023Patients with oro-antral communication, whether from trauma, disease, or congenital anomalies, have options for surgical reconstruction or prosthetic obturation, but... (Review)
Review
Comparative analysis of surgical and prosthetic rehabilitation in maxillectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis on quality-of-life scores and objective speech and masticatory measurements.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Patients with oro-antral communication, whether from trauma, disease, or congenital anomalies, have options for surgical reconstruction or prosthetic obturation, but guiding interdisciplinary protocols are lacking.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare surgical reconstruction and prosthetic obturation, identifying correlations with baseline characteristics to determine the most effective approach for specific patients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A systematic search was conducted in 4 databases. Searching, screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were performed by 2 reviewers. Eligible studies focused on patients with palatomaxillary defects from cancer-related maxilla surgeries. Traumatic or congenital defects were excluded. The study compared prosthetic restoration (either with surgical or definitive obturators) to surgical reconstruction using flaps or grafts. Patients with surgical restoration after tooth extraction were excluded. Both subjective and objective outcomes were used for comparison.
RESULTS
Thirteen articles were included in the qualitative synthesis and 9 in the meta-analysis. Patient scores on quality-of-life questionnaires, objective speech, and masticatory ability evaluations were compared. The number of patients who underwent surgical reconstruction was 206, whereas 260 patients received prosthetic obturators. Results showed no significant differences. In the "activity" domain of the University of Washington QoL questionnaire, however, the 1.92 (0.45, 3.40) score difference was not clinically relevant. However, the heterogeneity of trials, the transient nature of subjective evaluations, the low number of participants, and major confounding biases did not allow a solid conclusion to be drawn.
CONCLUSIONS
The growing number of maxillectomy patients demands firm evidence on which rehabilitation to choose and when it should be done. The result suggests that obturator devices and surgical reconstruction have similar effects on quality of life and health outcomes. A multicentric registry in which patient strata could be analyzed separately by age, adjuvant therapies, defect sizes, and remaining dentition is advocated.
PubMed: 38151428
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.11.023 -
Dentistry Journal Nov 2023This review discusses both preventive measures and clinically implemented therapy procedures that have been developed recently for the prevention and treatment of tooth... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
This review discusses both preventive measures and clinically implemented therapy procedures that have been developed recently for the prevention and treatment of tooth erosion.
METHODS
The databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were used for a thorough search. Studies on the prevention and treatment of dental erosion that were conducted in English and used in vitro were among the inclusion criteria.
RESULTS
The search turned up 391 papers in total, with 34 of those publications matching the requirements for inclusion. Varnishes, toothpastes, and solutions containing fluoride and other substances were used as preventive measures.
CONCLUSIONS
Dental erosion is a significant issue, and taking preventative steps is crucial to lessening the disease's spread and its effects. Interventions based on fluoride seem to be successful at halting erosion and encouraging remineralization. To effectively address severe tooth erosion, therapeutic methods, including composite restorations, prosthetic crowns, and veneers, are available. Dental erosion causes aesthetic and functional issues that are best addressed with less invasive treatments like direct composite restorations. To improve and broaden the range of available treatments for this common dental issue, additional research and development are required.
PubMed: 38132412
DOI: 10.3390/dj11120274 -
Minerva Dental and Oral Science Dec 2023Regenerative medicine emerged as a promising strategy for addressing bone defects, with several bone grafts currently being used, including autografts, allografts,...
INTRODUCTION
Regenerative medicine emerged as a promising strategy for addressing bone defects, with several bone grafts currently being used, including autografts, allografts, xenografts and alloplasts. Calcium-based biomaterials (CaXs), a well-known class of synthetic materials, have demonstrated good biological properties and are being investigated for their potential to facilitate bone regeneration. This systematic review evaluates the current clinical applications of CaXs in dentistry for bone regeneration.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
A comprehensive search was conducted to collect information about CaXs and their applications in the dental field over the last ten years. The search was limited to relevant articles published in peer-reviewed journals.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS
A total of 72 articles were included in this scoping review, with eight studies related to periodontology, 63 in implantology and three in maxillofacial surgery respectively. The findings suggest that CaXs hold promise as an alternative intervention for minor bone regeneration in dentistry.
CONCLUSIONS
Calcium-based biomaterials have shown potential as a viable option for bone regeneration in dentistry. Further research is warranted to fully understand their efficacy and safety in larger bone defects. CaXs represent an exciting avenue for researchers and clinicians to explore in their ongoing efforts to advance regenerative medicine.
PubMed: 38127421
DOI: 10.23736/S2724-6329.23.04859-3 -
Journal of Clinical and Experimental... Nov 2023The indicated treatment in cases of apical periodontitis (AP), a disease very prevalent in diabetic patients, is root canal treatment (RCT). This study aims to conduct a... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The indicated treatment in cases of apical periodontitis (AP), a disease very prevalent in diabetic patients, is root canal treatment (RCT). This study aims to conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis to answer the following PICO question: In adult patients, does the absence or presence of diabetes affect the prevalence of root filled teeth (RFT)"?
MATERIAL AND METHODS
PRISMA Guidelines have been followed to carry out this systematic review. A literature search was undertaken in PubMed-MEDLINE, Embase and Scielo. All studies reporting the prevalence of RFT in diabetic patients and control subjects using radiographic examination were included. Study characteristics and risk ratios with 95% CIs were extracted. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed.
RESULTS
Five studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Prevalence of RFT were estimated with 701 people and 15,882 teeth. Among diabetic patients, 6.1% of teeth had undergone RCT, while in controls this percentage was 3% (OR = 1.7; 95% CI = 1.0 - 2.9; p = 0.065). Among diabetic patients, 65% had at least one RFT, while in controls this percentage dropped to 55% (OR = 1.4; 95% CI = 0.5 - 3.7; > 0.05). The certainty of evidence was low.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of RFT in diabetic patients is almost double that in the control population, however this result is only marginally significant. Dentists must take into account the high prevalence of RFT in diabetic patients, investigating the presence of diabetes in those patients in whom a high frequency of RCT is observed. Diabetes, endodontics, epidemiology, root canal treatment, root filled teeth, prevalence, survey, population-based study.
PubMed: 38074167
DOI: 10.4317/jced.61011 -
The Journal of Evidence-based Dental... Dec 2023The present study aimed to systematically review the current randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with respect to computer-aided design/computer-aided manufactured... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
COMPARISONS BETWEEN DIGITAL-GUIDED AND NONDIGITAL PROTOCOL IN IMPLANT PLANNING, PLACEMENT, AND RESTORATIONS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS.
OBJECTIVES
The present study aimed to systematically review the current randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with respect to computer-aided design/computer-aided manufactured (CAD/CAM) techniques in the process of implant planning, placement, and rehabilitation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Four independent reviewers conducted an electronic and manual literature search using several databases, including the National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE-PubMed), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and EMBASE. Articles were included if they were RCTs involving the interventions regarding the computer-guided impression, placement, and manufacturing process. The outcomes of interest include clinical and patient-reported outcomes and time efficiency. A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the time efficiency, pain severity, accuracy of implant placement, and postsurgery marginal bone level.
RESULTS
A total of 39 and 25 articles were included in the qualitative and quantitative analysis, respectively. The results of the meta-analysis showed that significantly less time was spent performing the digital impression procedure than the conventional impression (P = .002). In addition, the average adjustment time of the final prosthesis was significantly less than the nondigital fabricated prosthesis (P = .0005). Computer-guided groups reported significantly lower painkiller consumption compared to control groups (P = .03).
CONCLUSIONS
Digital impressions and CAD/CAM procedures are time-saving and provide stable and predictable outcomes. Moreover, computer-guided surgery can effectuate an accurate implant placement and less postsurgery discomfort.
Topics: Humans; Dental Implants; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; United States
PubMed: 38035896
DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2023.101919