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Clinical Nutrition ESPEN Aug 2024Curcumin is a polyphenolic natural compound that has been used to treat various ailments such as symptoms of anxiety. However, the findings of studies regarding the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND AND AIM
Curcumin is a polyphenolic natural compound that has been used to treat various ailments such as symptoms of anxiety. However, the findings of studies regarding the anti-anxiety properties of curcumin are controversial. This review aims to evaluate if there are clinical benefits of curcumin in patients with symptoms of anxiety.
METHODS
PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were retrieved to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from the database inception to August 16, 2023. The random-effects model was used to estimate the standard mean difference (SMD).
RESULTS
A total of eight RCTs involving 567 participants were included in the analysis. A pooled analysis showed a significant effect of curcumin on anxiety symptoms (SMD: -1.56; 95% CI: -2.48, -0.64, p < 0.001; I = 95.6%, p-heterogeneity< 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Present meta-analysis demonstrated that curcumin intake might contribute to alleviation of anxiety disorder. Due to the limited number of studies included, it is necessary to conduct more high-quality studies to confirm the clinical efficacy of curcumin.
Topics: Curcumin; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Anxiety; Dietary Supplements; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders
PubMed: 38857152
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.05.017 -
The South African Journal of... 2023Female genital mutilation (FGM/C) defined as 'all procedures that involve partial or total removal of the external female genitalia, or other injury to the female... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Female genital mutilation (FGM/C) defined as 'all procedures that involve partial or total removal of the external female genitalia, or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons' is a cultural practice having several consequences on women's health. Medical and sexual consequences have been documented, but the link between FGM/C and the development of psychological symptoms is not clearly established. The influence of contextual factors is poorly understood.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the psychological impact of FGM/C and how victims experience it.
METHOD
A mixed method systematic review was conducted. The inclusion criteria were observational primary studies involving women who had undergone FGM/C and had experienced psychological symptoms. Publication bias was assessed by using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. A configurative strategy that involved a comparison of quantitative and qualitative data was used, followed by an analysis of causal link between FGM/C and induced psychological disorders.
RESULTS
Fourteen studies were included. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety and somatisation showed a significantly higher prevalence in women who have experienced FGM/C versus non-mutilated women. Female genital mutilation type II or III were identified as predictors of disorder severity. Qualitative studies showed a significant difference in the perception of FGM/C between immigrant and non-immigrant women, as well as the multidimensional nature of the factors influencing disorders' onsets.
CONCLUSION
Our study showed a high association of FGM/C (and its degree of severity) with psychological disorders such as PTSD, depression, anxiety and somatisation. It also illustrates contextual factors, including socio-cultural factors that may influence the intensity of these psychological disorders.
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
It is important for health professionals to be aware of the psychological consequences of FGM/C and the different factors influencing FGM/C perception. Indeed, a feeling of 'Being abnormal' can be awakened among patients because of health professionals' incorrect behaviours.
PubMed: 38855076
DOI: 10.4102/sajp.v79i1.1877 -
Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B Jun 2024The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the lives of people with epilepsy (PWE) in various ways. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess the mental health... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the lives of people with epilepsy (PWE) in various ways. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess the mental health status and prevalence of mental disorders including depression, anxiety, stress, and psychological distress among PWE. Furthermore, this study evaluates changes in sleep patterns and presence of sleep disturbances among them. The findings of this systematic review can help health organizations, policymakers, and health workers to better prepare and respond to future health crises for PWE and other chronic disease patients.
METHOD
This systematic review was prepared using PRISMA reporting guidelines. We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases for studies that reported data on mental health parameters including depression, anxiety, stress, psychological distress, quality of life, and sleep quality, during the pandemic until May 2023. The analytical procedures were executed through the utilization of Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software.
RESULTS
In our study, a total of 61 carefully selected studies were analyzed, yielding valuable insights into the prevalence and impact of various mental health indicators among PWE. The findings revealed that a significant proportion of PWE experienced distressing psychological symptoms, with depression being reported by 34% of participants. Additionally, anxiety was prevalent among 43% of individuals, while stress symptoms were reported by 49% of respondents. Moreover, a substantial portion of PWE, approximately 38%, reported experiencing poor sleep quality, further underscoring the multifaceted nature of the challenges faced by this population. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions and comprehensive support systems to address the mental health concerns and sleep disturbances faced by individuals living with epilepsy.
CONCLUSION
The findings revealed that a substantial number of PWE experience symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, and poor sleep quality. These results emphasize the importance of considering mental health and sleep assessments as integral components of care for individuals with epilepsy. The study underscores the need for further research and targeted interventions to address the mental health burden faced by this population. By prioritizing and addressing these challenges, healthcare providers can enhance the overall well-being and quality of life for individuals living with epilepsy.
PubMed: 38852496
DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109834 -
Journal of Prevention (2022) Jun 2024Social anxiety disorder is a prevalent mental health condition that significantly impairs social interactions, academic performance, and professional functioning in...
Social anxiety disorder is a prevalent mental health condition that significantly impairs social interactions, academic performance, and professional functioning in children, adolescents, and youth. This study aimed to investigate the global prevalence of social anxiety disorder across these developmental stages. Six electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar) were systematically searched for studies related to the prevalence of social anxiety disorder in children, adolescents and youth. Random-effects models were employed for data analysis and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Version 2.0. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I index. A total of 38 studies were included in the final analysis. The global prevalence of social anxiety disorder was estimated to be 4.7% in children, 8.3% in adolescents, and 17% in youth. These findings suggest a progressive increase in the prevalence of SAD across these developmental stages. Considering the prevalence of social anxiety disorder in this study, policymakers can use the findings of this study to inform and develop effective prevention strategies for individuals and communities most susceptible to this disorder.
PubMed: 38852119
DOI: 10.1007/s10935-024-00789-9 -
Annals of Medicine and Surgery (2012) Jun 2024This systematic review aimed to investigate resilience and its related factors in caregivers of adult patients with cancer.
BACKGROUND
This systematic review aimed to investigate resilience and its related factors in caregivers of adult patients with cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic search of online electronic databases including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Iranmedex, and Scientific Information Database (SID) was performed using keywords extracted from Medical Subject Headings such as "Psychological Resilience", "Caregiver", and "Cancer" from the earliest to 6 June 2023. The quality of the studies included in this review was evaluated using the appraisal tool for cross-sectional studies (AXIS tool).
RESULTS
A total of 2735 caregivers of cancer patients participated in 15 studies. The majority of the studies found that caregivers of cancer patients had high levels of resilience. Factors related to the resilience of cancer patients' caregivers included caregivers' social support, caregivers' quality of life, patients' resilience, caregivers' family function, patients' performance, caregivers' age, caregivers' health status, caregivers' self-esteem, caregivers post-traumatic growth, caregivers religious, caregivers hope, caregivers positive affect, patients age, patients social support, patients resilience support, patients quality of life, caregivers' anxiety, caregivers' depression, caregivers' burden, caregivers level of education, caregivers financial problem, caregivers memory, caregivers negative affect, caregivers post-traumatic stress disorder, maternal distress, and patients post-traumatic stress disorder.
CONCLUSION
Therefore, healthcare administrators and policymakers can enhance the resilience of caregivers and the quality of care they provide by instituting ongoing training initiatives focused on evaluating mental well-being and implementing coping strategies for managing stress and depression.
PubMed: 38846864
DOI: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000001469 -
Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain... Jun 2024Dental injections are routinely performed and can result in pain and anxiety in patients. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of photobiomodulation... (Review)
Review
Dental injections are routinely performed and can result in pain and anxiety in patients. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in dental injections for pain management in patients undergoing dental treatment. Indexed databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Cochrane Library, were electronically searched without a time limit up to February 2024. A risk of bias evaluation was performed using the Cochrane tool. A preliminary investigation using electronic and manual methods yielded 4,920,881 manuscripts. Based on the eligibility requirements, 13 randomized control trials (RCTs) were included. Self-assessed pain was determined using the visual analog scale, Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Controllability scale, or Wong-Baker face pain scale. Eight RCTs demonstrated a notable decrease in needle pain in patients undergoing dental needle injections using PBMT. Based on current evidence, PBMT may help reduce needle pain related to dental anesthesia. Further standardized studies are needed to assess the significance of PBMT for postoperative pain in patients undergoing dental injections.
PubMed: 38840646
DOI: 10.17245/jdapm.2024.24.3.145 -
Clinical Rehabilitation Jun 2024To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture therapy for neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease.
OBJECTIVE
To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture therapy for neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease.
METHODS
We searched eight databases from their inception until 14 April 2024, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, SinoMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Periodical Database, and Wanfang Database. The search aimed to find randomized controlled trials assessing the effectiveness of acupuncture for neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease. Literature screening and data extraction were performed independently by the authors. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan V.5.3 software, and Stata 17.0 software was used for detecting publication bias and performing sensitivity analysis.
RESULTS
Twenty-eight studies, involving 2148 participants, met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis revealed that acupuncture therapy improved depression-related scale scores (standardized mean difference (SMD) = -0.70, 95%CI [-0.98, -0.42], < 0.00001), anxiety-related scale scores (SMD = -0.78, 95% CI [-1.43, -0.14], = 0.02), Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores (weighted mean difference (WMD) = 2.74, 95% CI [2.43, 3.05], < 0.00001), Mini Mental State Examination scores (WMD = 2.36, 95% CI [0.78, 3.94], = 0.003), Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale scores, and Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-39 scores (WMD = -2.66, 95% CI [-4.83, -0.49], = 0.02) compared to controls.
CONCLUSION
This review supports the application of acupuncture to reduce the severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms including depression, anxiety, and impulse control disorders, and to improve cognition and quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease. The adverse effects associated with acupuncture, either alone or as adjunctive therapy, were relatively minor.
PubMed: 38840478
DOI: 10.1177/02692155241258278 -
Child Psychiatry and Human Development Jun 2024The Youth Anxiety Measure for DSM-5 (YAM-5) is a self- and parent-report scale specifically developed to assess symptoms of major anxiety disorders (part 1 or YAM-5-I)... (Review)
Review
The Youth Anxiety Measure for DSM-5 (YAM-5) is a self- and parent-report scale specifically developed to assess symptoms of major anxiety disorders (part 1 or YAM-5-I) and specific phobias/agoraphobia (part 2 or YAM-5-II) in children and adolescents in terms of the contemporary psychiatric classification system. Since its introduction, the measure has been increasingly used in research, making it feasible to provide a summary of its psychometric properties. The present article presents a systematic review of 20 studies that employed the YAM-5, involving 5325 young participants. Overall, the results supported the hypothesized factor structure of both parts of the measure, although there were also some studies that could not fully replicate the original five-factor model of YAM-5-I. The internal consistency of the YAM-5 was generally high for the total scores of both parts, while reliability coefficients for the subscales were more variable across studies. Research also obtained evidence for other psychometric properties, such as test-retest reliability, parent-child agreement, convergent/divergent validity, and discriminant validity. Results further revealed that girls tend to show significantly higher anxiety levels on the YAM-5 than boys. Overall, these findings indicate that the YAM-5 is a promising tool for assessing symptoms of anxiety disorders including specific phobias in young people. Some directions for future research with the YAM-5 and recommendations regarding the use of the measure are given.
PubMed: 38839642
DOI: 10.1007/s10578-024-01712-3 -
Comprehensive Psychiatry Aug 2024Trichotillomania (TTM) and excoriation disorder (ED) are impairing obsessive-compulsive related disorders that are common in the general population and for which there...
BACKGROUND
Trichotillomania (TTM) and excoriation disorder (ED) are impairing obsessive-compulsive related disorders that are common in the general population and for which there are no clear first-line medications, highlighting the need to better understand the underlying biology of these disorders to inform treatments. Given the importance of genetics in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), evaluating genetic factors underlying TTM and ED may advance knowledge about the pathophysiology of these body-focused repetitive behaviors.
AIM
In this systematic review, we summarize the available evidence on the genetics of TTM and ED and highlight gaps in the field warranting further research.
METHOD
We systematically searched Embase, PsycInfo, PubMed, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science for original studies in genetic epidemiology (family or twin studies) and molecular genetics (candidate gene and genome-wide) published up to June 2023.
RESULTS
Of the 3536 records identified, 109 studies were included in this review. These studies indicated that genetic factors play an important role in the development of TTM and ED, some of which may be shared across the OCD spectrum, but there are no known high-confidence specific genetic risk factors for either TTM or ED.
CONCLUSIONS
Our review underscores the need for additional genome-wide research conducted on the genetics of TTM and ED, for instance, genome-wide association and whole-genome/whole-exome DNA sequencing studies. Recent advances in genomics have led to the discovery of risk genes in several psychiatric disorders, including related conditions such as OCD, but to date, TTM and ED have remained understudied.
Topics: Humans; Trichotillomania; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Genome-Wide Association Study; Excoriation Disorder
PubMed: 38833896
DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152506 -
Clinical Child and Family Psychology... Jun 2024Anxiety disorders are disorders involving cognition. Research on cognition in youth with anxiety can focus on cognitive content (e.g., self-talk) as well cognitive...
Anxiety disorders are disorders involving cognition. Research on cognition in youth with anxiety can focus on cognitive content (e.g., self-talk) as well cognitive functioning. The present review examines domains of cognitive functioning (i.e., episodic memory, language, attention, executive functioning, motor skills, and visual functioning) in youth diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. A database search of Embase, PsycINFO, and PubMed yielded 28 studies that met inclusion criteria of youth aged 17 years or younger, a sample diagnosed with a principal anxiety disorder and a comparison sample of controls, a comparison between those samples, and use of a behavioral measure of neuropsychological performance. Findings did not identify any cognitive functioning strengths for anxious youth. Deficits were found in two domains (i.e., receptive language and motor skills) whereas no deficits were found in attention, visuospatial skills and one domain of executive functioning (i.e., inhibition). Most domains had mixed findings. Additional analysis indicated that anxiety disorders in youth are not associated with diminished IQ. Directions for future research are identified including (a) the prioritization of studies with larger, representative samples (b) the role of cognitive functioning as a predictor of anxiety treatment outcome (c) the examination of the effect of treatment on cognitive performance, and (d) the course of anxiety and potential impairment in cognitive functioning.
PubMed: 38829508
DOI: 10.1007/s10567-024-00480-9