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Research in Veterinary Science Jul 2022Listeria monocytogenes, a foodborne pathogen that causes human listeriosis, is commonly found in meat products. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of L.... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Listeria monocytogenes, a foodborne pathogen that causes human listeriosis, is commonly found in meat products. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of L. monocytogenes in a variety of Brazilian meat products, using a meta-analysis of data from the literature. A total of 29 publications from five databases, published between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2019, were included in the study. Estimated by the random-effects model, the combined prevalence of L. monocytogenes was 13%, ranging from 0 to 59%. The combined prevalence of L. monocytogenes was 14% and 11% for raw meat and ready-to-eat (RTE) meat, respectively. The prevalence of L. monocytogenes was higher in the swine species' meat products and the Southeast region of Brazil. Regarding the type of establishment, it was the retail market that presented the highest combined prevalence rate (19%). The most prevalent serotypes of L. monocytogenes were 4b, 1/2a, 1/2b, and 1/2c. The knowledge of differences in the prevalence levels of L. monocytogenes in different meat products can guide in its efficient control by the competent authorities and by industry.
Topics: Animals; Brazil; Food Contamination; Food Microbiology; Listeria monocytogenes; Meat; Meat Products; Prevalence; Swine
PubMed: 35217271
DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.02.015 -
Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious... Apr 2022Listeria monocytogenes causes listeriosis with a high mortality rate. This study systematically reviewed the antibiotic susceptibility of L. monocytogenes in the world.... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Listeria monocytogenes causes listeriosis with a high mortality rate. This study systematically reviewed the antibiotic susceptibility of L. monocytogenes in the world. A literature search was done and the data of 33 studies that matched with the inclusion criteria, were used for meta-analysis. The random-effect model meta-analysis was applied to determine the frequency of overall L. monocytogenes and its antibiotic non-sensitive isolates. The frequency of L. monocytogenes contamination in non-human sources was 10.3%. The most frequent serotypes were 4b and 4ab in human and non-human isolates, respectively. The resistance of L. monocytogenes isolates to the first-line antibiotics namely penicillin, ampicillin/amoxicillin, gentamicin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole has been increased in recent years. Altogether, the results indicated a concern for the antibiotic resistance in L. monocytogenes isolates over time. The implement of the registry and surveillance systems is required to improve the insight of L. monocytogenes antibiotic susceptibility and its treatment choices.
Topics: Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Food Microbiology; Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
PubMed: 35158292
DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2022.115634 -
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease Feb 2022Listeriosis is a rare bacterial infection associated with foodborne illness that can result in septicemia, a serious acute outcome. Sepsis is responsible for one in... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Listeriosis is a rare bacterial infection associated with foodborne illness that can result in septicemia, a serious acute outcome. Sepsis is responsible for one in three deaths during hospitalization. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the proportion of infections resulting in septicemia. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched from January 1, 2000, to April 1, 2018, for epidemiological studies that assessed studies focusing on infections with the outcome of septicemia. Articles in English, Spanish, and Portuguese using case-control, cohort, or outbreak studies reporting measures of association between and septicemia were included. Bias and heterogeneity were assessed using univariate meta-regression for region, sample size, study design, and report method. Nineteen articles were eligible for inclusion post-screening, the majority of which were conducted in Europe ( = 15); utilized a retrospective cohort design ( = 16); and collected data via routine or laboratory surveillance methods ( = 10). Prevalence of sepsis ranged from 4.2% to 100% among study populations of 6 to 1374 individuals. Overall, the proportion of listeriosis cases that developed sepsis was 46% (95% confidence interval [CI] 31.0-61.0%); for neonatal cases, 21.3% (95% CI 11.0-31.6%); and for maternal and neonatal cases, 18.8% (95% CI 10.7-26.8%). The heterogeneity was high for overall and group meta-analyses, but it could not be explained by the subanalyses for the overall proportion, whereas for neonatal, and neonatal and maternal cases combined, China had a significantly lower proportion than Europe and the United States. Septicemia following infection is a severe acute complication with 31-61% rate found overall; however, greater delineation of demographic data is needed to determine important risk factors. Future research should aim to address the gaps in knowledge in the long-term outcomes of sepsis from infection, and whether these outcomes differ from those due to other infections.
Topics: Foodborne Diseases; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Retrospective Studies; Sepsis
PubMed: 34883025
DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2021.0046 -
Veterinary World Aug 2021in ready-to-eat (RTE) foods remains consistently under-reported globally. Nevertheless, several independent studies conducted to investigate have elucidated the...
BACKGROUND AND AIM
in ready-to-eat (RTE) foods remains consistently under-reported globally. Nevertheless, several independent studies conducted to investigate have elucidated the prevalence and antibiotic resistance profiles of in RTE-associated foods and their antibiotic resistance profiles. Given the rapid increase in consumption of RTE foods of both animal and plant origin, it is imperative to know the prevalence deductive data focusing on how much of is present in RTE foods, which is critical for food safety managers and retailers to assess the possible risk posed to end-users. In addition, valuable insight and another angle to the depth of the problem, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize available data regarding the prevalence of in RTE foods and antibiotic resistance profiles.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We conducted a meta-analysis study of and antibiotic resistance to clinically relevant antibiotics to determine the extent of contamination in RTE foods and antibiotic resistance profiles. The primary search terms, also known as keywords used, were restricted to peer-reviewed and review articles, and databases, including Google Scholars, Science-Direct, and Scopus, were searched. The inclusion of articles meeting eligibility criteria published between 2010 and 2020 after title, abstract, and full article screening. Data analysis was performed at multiple stages using quantitative meta-analysis reviews.
RESULTS
pooled proportion/prevalence was highest in chicken products determined at (22%) followed by various but uncategorized RTE foods at 21%. Regarding antibiotic resistance, profiling's highest pooled prevalence resistance was observed in penicillin at 80% resistance, followed by cephalosporin at 47%.
CONCLUSION
Within its limitations, this study has attempted to provide insight into the pooled proportion/prevalence of in RTE foods and the antibiotic resistance profile at the global level. Determining the proportion/prevalence of in RTE foods across the globe and antibiotic resistance profile is essential for providing quality food and reducing public health problems due to unsuccessful treatment of foodborne illness. This study provides insight into the pooled prevalence of L. monocytogenes in RTE foods and the antibiotic resistance profile. The results of this study partly endeavored to help appropriate authorities strengthen their preventive measures on specific RTE foods that are most likely to be contaminated with and antibiotic resistance profiles.
PubMed: 34566342
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.2219-2229 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2021is an increasing food safety concern throughout the produce supply chain as it has been linked to produce associated outbreaks and recalls. To our knowledge, this is... (Review)
Review
is an increasing food safety concern throughout the produce supply chain as it has been linked to produce associated outbreaks and recalls. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic literature review to investigate species and prevalence, persistence, and diversity at each stage along the supply chain. This review identified 64 articles of 4863 candidate articles obtained from four Boolean search queries in six databases. Included studies examined naturally detected/isolated species and in fresh produce-related environments, and/or from past fresh produce associated outbreaks or from produce directly. species and were detected in each stage of the fresh produce supply chain. The greatest prevalence of species was observed in natural environments and outdoor production, with prevalence generally decreasing with each progression of the supply chain (e.g., packinghouse to distribution to retail). prevalence ranged from 61.1% to not detected (0.00%) across the entire supply chain for included studies. persistence and diversity were also investigated more in natural, production, and processing environments, compared to other supply chain environments (e.g., retail). Data gaps were identified for future produce safety research, for example, in the transportation and distribution center environment.
PubMed: 34202947
DOI: 10.3390/foods10061427 -
Critical Reviews in Food Science and... 2022Marinades are seasoned liquids used to improve tenderness, palatability, flavor, color and/or texture of different meats. In addition to contribute to the sensory...
Marinades are seasoned liquids used to improve tenderness, palatability, flavor, color and/or texture of different meats. In addition to contribute to the sensory characteristics, marinates can inactivate food microorganism as well. The purpose of this study was to assess the current state of knowledge regarding the effect of marinades on meats and important food pathogens. Using a systematic review of literature, different types of marinades were evaluated, identifying its ingredients, concentrations, temperature, marinating time and their effect on , , , and . Findings demonstrated that the use of marinades on meats not only prevents the growth of pathogens but also inactivates food pathogens. Most marinades were able to reduce < 3 log CFU/g of pathogens, and populations demonstrated the highest reductions (> 4 log CFU/g). The pH was the most pronounced parameter influencing the pathogens inactivation, however, ingredients and storage temperature also affected pathogen reduction in marinades.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Colony Count, Microbial; Food Microbiology; Listeria monocytogenes; Meat; Temperature
PubMed: 33905272
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1916734 -
Journal of Food Protection Apr 2021Listeria monocytogenes was associated with more than 60 produce recalls, including tomato, cherry, broccoli, lemon, and lime, between 2017 and 2020. This study describes...
ABSTRACT
Listeria monocytogenes was associated with more than 60 produce recalls, including tomato, cherry, broccoli, lemon, and lime, between 2017 and 2020. This study describes the effects of temperature, time, and food substrate as factors influencing L. monocytogenes behavior on whole intact raw fruits and vegetables. Ten intact whole fruit and vegetable commodities were chosen based on data gaps identified in a systematic literature review. Produce investigated belong to major commodity families: Ericaceae (blackberry, raspberry, and blueberry), Rutaceae (lemon and mandarin orange), Roseaceae (sweet cherry), Solanaceae (tomato), Brassaceae (cauliflower and broccoli), and Apiaceae (carrot). A cocktail of five L. monocytogenes strains that included clinical, food, or environmental isolates linked to foodborne outbreaks was used to inoculate intact whole fruits and vegetables. Samples were incubated at 2, 12, 22, 30, and 35°C with relative humidities matched to typical real-world conditions. Foods were sampled (n = 6) for up to 28 days, depending on temperature. Growth and decline rates were estimated using DMFit, an Excel add-in. Growth rates were compared with ComBase modeling predictions for L. monocytogenes. Almost every experiment showed initial growth, followed by subsequent decline. L. monocytogenes was able to grow on the whole intact surface of all produce tested, except for carrot. The 10 produce commodities supported growth of L. monocytogenes at 22 and 35°C. Growth and survival at 2 and 12°C varied by produce commodity. The standard deviation of the square root growth and decline rates showed significantly larger variability in both growth and decline rates within replicates as temperature increased. When L. monocytogenes growth occurred, it was conservatively modeled by ComBase Predictor, and growth was generally followed by decreases in concentration. This research will assist in understanding the risks of foodborne disease outbreaks and recalls associated with L. monocytogenes on fresh whole produce.
Topics: Colony Count, Microbial; Food Handling; Food Microbiology; Fruit; Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Temperature; Vegetables
PubMed: 33232452
DOI: 10.4315/JFP-20-327 -
Journal of Food Protection Jan 2020may be present in produce-associated environments (e.g., fields, packing houses); thus, understanding its growth and survival on intact, whole produce is of critical...
may be present in produce-associated environments (e.g., fields, packing houses); thus, understanding its growth and survival on intact, whole produce is of critical importance. The goal of this study was to identify and characterize published data on the growth and/or survival of on intact fruit and vegetable surfaces. Relevant studies were identified by searching seven electronic databases: AGRICOLA, CAB Abstracts, Center for Produce Safety funded research project final reports, FST Abstracts, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science. Searches were conducted using the following terms: produce, growth, and survival. Search terms were also modified and "exploded" to find all related subheadings. Included studies had to be prospective, describe methodology (e.g., inoculation method), outline experimental parameters, and provide quantitative growth and/or survival data. Studies were not included if methods were unclear or inappropriate, or if produce was cut, processed, or otherwise treated. Of 3,459 identified citations, 88 were reviewed in full and 29 studies met the inclusion criteria. Included studies represented 21 commodities, with the majority of studies focusing on melons, leafy greens, berries, or sprouts. Synthesis of the reviewed studies suggests growth and survival on intact produce surfaces differ substantially by commodity. Parameters such as temperature and produce surface characteristics had a considerable effect on growth and survival dynamics. This review provides an inventory of the current data on growth and/or survival on intact produce surfaces. Identification of which intact produce commodities support growth and/or survival at various conditions observed along the supply chain will assist the industry in managing contamination risk.
Topics: Food Contamination; Food Handling; Food Microbiology; Fruit; Listeria monocytogenes; Prospective Studies; Temperature; Vegetables
PubMed: 31855613
DOI: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-19-283 -
Journal of Food Science and Technology Dec 2019The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance characteristics of species isolated from foods and food processing environments, animal and human...
The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance characteristics of species isolated from foods and food processing environments, animal and human specimens in Iran. A systematic review of the papers published in Persian and English languages up to 20th May 2019 and indexed in the Scientific Information Database, PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases using related keywords was conducted. Eligible articles were selected based on the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, followed by data extraction and meta-analysis using random-effects or fixed-effects models. A total of 27 articles were found reporting antibiotic resistance patterns of different species using disk diffusion method. Among species, resistance to commonly used antibiotics i.e. penicillin, ampicillin and gentamicin was as follows: 34.5%, 26.4%, 8.9% in isolates from foods and food processing environments, 47.1%, 29.5%, 9.2% in isolates from animal specimens and 56.8%, 29.5%, 32.4% in human strains, respectively. A high prevalence of strains resistant to penicillin, ampicillin and gentamicin was observed in Iran. Our findings suggested that trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, vancomycin and ciprofloxacin can be used as alternatives in the treatment of human listeriosis in Iran due to their low resistance rates.
PubMed: 31749464
DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-04040-w -
Future Microbiology Jun 2019Among the alternative sigma factors of , σ controls the largest regulon. The aim of this study was to perform a comprehensive review of σ-regulated genes, and the...
Among the alternative sigma factors of , σ controls the largest regulon. The aim of this study was to perform a comprehensive review of σ-regulated genes, and the functions they confer. A systematic search of PubMed and Web of Knowledge was carried out to identify members of the σ regulon based on experimental evidence of σ-dependent transcription and presence of a consensus σ-dependent promoter. The literature review identified σ-dependent transcription units encompassing 304 genes encoding different functions including stress response and virulence. Our review supports the well-known roles of σ in virulence and stress response and provides new insight into novel roles for σ in metabolism and overall resilience of .
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Listeria monocytogenes; Metabolism; Regulon; Sigma Factor; Stress, Physiological; Virulence
PubMed: 31271064
DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2019-0072