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Clinical Biochemistry Jul 2024The goal of this review was to investigate the levels of pro-inflammatory markers such as Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) Interlukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The goal of this review was to investigate the levels of pro-inflammatory markers such as Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) Interlukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and ferritin in pre-eclamptic and normotensive pregnant women. Using PubMed, ProQuest and Google Scholar databases, a literature search was carried out and case-control studies showing associations between inflammatory markers and preeclampsia in pregnancy published between 2010 and 2023 were included. The risk of bias was assessed by using the Newcastle Ottawa quality assessment scale. A random effect meta-analysis was performed and pooled difference in means with 95 % CI were reported. All statistical analyses were performed using R software. Out of 660 articles, 25 articles were included in the systematic review. The differences in means for TGF-β1, CRP, ferritin and TNF-α levels between the preeclamptic women and normotensive women were 2.37 pg/mL [95 % CI: -1.66,6.39], 5.62 mg/L [95 % CI: -4.11,15.36], 32.93 ng/mL [95 % CI: -7.66,58.19] and 13.67 pg/mL [95 % CI: 4.20,23.14] respectively which showed moderate increase. The pooled differences in means for hs-CRP and IL-6 levels between the preeclamptic and normotensive women were 3.20 mg/L [95 % CI: 0.27,6.12] and 17.64 pg/mL [95 % CI: -8.36,43.64] respectively which showed significant increase. Sub-group analysis showed significant differences for CRP, ferritin and TNF-α levels across ethnicities. Meta-analysis demonstrates an increase in the maternal circulating levels of inflammatory markers such as hs-CRP, IL-6 and showed moderate increase in TGF-β1, CRP, ferritin, TNF-α markers among women affected by preeclampsia compared to those with normotensive pregnancies.
Topics: Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Biomarkers; C-Reactive Protein; Ferritins; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Pre-Eclampsia; Transforming Growth Factor beta1; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 38876455
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2024.110778 -
European Review For Medical and... May 2024Periimplantitis (PI) is a complex multifactorial chronic disease caused by interactions between bacteria, host immune-inflammatory responses, and genetic or... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
Periimplantitis (PI) is a complex multifactorial chronic disease caused by interactions between bacteria, host immune-inflammatory responses, and genetic or environmental factors that modify buccal eutrophism. In daily clinical practice, an increase in the prevalence of PI (8%) determined the need to establish the PI causes and set optimal therapeutic strategies. The interleukin family (IL-1), a group of cytokines, triggers and perpetuates peri-implantitis. Therefore, they could be used as biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment. This systematic review aimed to analyze the correlation between IL-1 allelic polymorphism (IL-1A -889, IL-1β -511, IL-1β +3954) and the PI disease.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Selected databases were PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. The search strategy included the following terms: "dental implants"; "periimplantitis"; "interleukin-IL-1"; "polymorphism"; "perimplant bone loss". Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. A meta-analysis was conducted on five of 40 review articles. p-values, confidence intervals (CI), and Odds ratios (OR) were assessed. In 4 articles, the p-value was lower than 0.05, confirming the statistical significance of the result.
RESULTS
The prevalence of the selected studies reported the existence of a causal association between polymorphisms of IL-1 and the onset of peri-implantitis, especially for IL-1 allelic variants associated with further polymorphic genes encoding for IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8, IL-1Na, IL-8, IL-18, osteopontin (OPN). In addition, the presence of the IL-1 polymorphism and PI is particularly higher in smokers, diabetes, and autoimmune disease patients.
CONCLUSIONS
The detection of salivary biomarkers is, therefore, a diagnostic tool with a high potential to intercept the PI early and act with appropriate and non-invasive treatment. Due to the continued technological innovation in biomarkers and diagnostic sciences, further studies are needed to investigate the role of these biochemical mediators. The results of studies and the recent technological innovation in biomarkers and diagnostic sciences will allow further research to investigate the role of these biochemical mediators.
Topics: Humans; Peri-Implantitis; Polymorphism, Genetic; Interleukin-1; Dental Implants
PubMed: 38856132
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202405_36293 -
Experimental Gerontology Aug 2024The role of interleukins in sarcopenia development has been acknowledged, yet the specifics of their involvement remain to be fully understood. This study aimed to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The role of interleukins in sarcopenia development has been acknowledged, yet the specifics of their involvement remain to be fully understood. This study aimed to explore alterations in interleukin levels among sarcopenia patients.
METHODS
Searches were conducted in Embase, Medline, and the Cochrane Library for literature published up to May 2023. Eligible observational studies with a diagnosis of sarcopenia were included. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was utilized for quality assessment. For data synthesis, a random-effects model was used, and the Mantel-Haenszel method was used for pooled estimates.
RESULTS
Of the 7685 articles screened, 37 met the inclusion criteria. Statistically significant differences in the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 were detected in sarcopenia patients. Specifically, IL-1β (95 % CI: 0.33 [0.12, 0.54], P < 0.05), IL-6 (95 % CI: 0.91 [0.59, 1.24], P < 0.05), and IL-10 (95 % CI: 0.11 [0.07,0.15], P < 0.05) were detected. However, no significant associations were found between serum IL-4 (95 % CI: 0.36 [-0.18, 0.42], P = 0.44), IL-8 (95 % CI: -1.05 [-3.06, 0.95], P = 0.3), IL-12 (95 % CI: -3.92 [-8.32,0.48], P = 0.08) or IL-17 (95 % CI: 0.22 [-2.43, 2.88], P = 0.87) and sarcopenia. Subgroup analysis showed no significant difference in IL-6 (95 % CI: -0.03 [-0.72, 0.66], P = 0.93) and IL-10 (95 % CI: 0.1 [-0.44, 0.64], P = 0.72) among patients with European standard sarcopenia.
CONCLUSIONS
Inflammation plays a role in sarcopenia, and the serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 are associated with sarcopenia. Further research is needed to clarify these associations.
CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NUMBER
CRD42024506656.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Interleukins; Sarcopenia
PubMed: 38852656
DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112480 -
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders May 2024In the current systematic review and meta-analysis, we aim to analyze the existing literature to evaluate the role of inflammatory biomarkers, including... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
In the current systematic review and meta-analysis, we aim to analyze the existing literature to evaluate the role of inflammatory biomarkers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) among individuals with cardiac syndrome X (CSX) compared to healthy controls.
METHODS
We used PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and Embase to systematically search relevant publications published before April 2, 2023. We performed the meta-analysis using Stata 11.2 software (Stata Corp, College Station, TX). So, we used standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) to compare the biomarker level between patients and healthy controls. The I and Cochran's Q tests were adopted to determine the heterogeneity of the included studies.
RESULTS
Overall, 29 articles with 3480 participants (1855 with CSX and 1625 healthy controls) were included in the analysis. There was a significantly higher level of NLR (SMD = 0.85, 95%CI = 0.55-1.15, I = 89.0 %), CRP (SMD = 0.69, 95%CI = 0.38 to 1.02, p < 0.0001), IL-6 (SMD = 5.70, 95%CI = 1.91 to 9.50, p = 0.003), TNF-a (SMD = 3.78, 95%CI = 0.63 to 6.92, p = 0.019), and PLR (SMD = 1.38, 95%CI = 0.50 to 2.28, p = 0.02) in the CSX group in comparison with healthy controls.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study showed that CSX leads to a significant increase in inflammatory biomarkers, including NLR, CRP, IL-6, TNF-a, and PLR.
Topics: Humans; Biomarkers; Microvascular Angina; Inflammation Mediators; Neutrophils; Female; Male; Middle Aged; Predictive Value of Tests; C-Reactive Protein; Lymphocyte Count; Interleukin-6; Aged; Platelet Count; Adult; Blood Platelets; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Lymphocytes; Prognosis; Inflammation
PubMed: 38807048
DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03939-3 -
International Immunopharmacology Jun 2024Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFis) have shown dramatic benefit in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA). Tapering of TNFi medication may be considered in patients... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFis) have shown dramatic benefit in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA). Tapering of TNFi medication may be considered in patients with sustained low disease activity because continued use of TNFis at standard doses may increase the risk of side effects including infections and impose an economic burden. However, the optimal TNFi tapering strategy for SpA patients with inactive disease has not been established. In the present study, we investigated whether tapering TNFi doses is associated with similar risk of disease flare to maintaining SpA patients on TNFis at the standard dosage.
METHODS
The MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases were systemically searched to retrieve randomized control trials (RCTs) and observational studies published prior to August 2023, that compared disease flare in SpA (including axial SpA [axSpA], psoriatic arthritis [PsA], and SpA with IBD) patients who received standard TNFi doses and those who received a tapered dose of TNFi. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were directly retrieved or calculated, and meta-analyses were performed. Bias was assessed using funnel plots with Begg and Mazumdar rank correlation / Egger's regression method.
RESULTS
Among 2,237 SpA patients in the 12 studies (9 RCTs and 3 observational studies) retrieved, 1,301 received the standard TNFi dose, while 936 SpA patients underwent TNFi tapering. Of these, 216 (16.6%) standard-dose TNFi and 217 (23.2%) TNF-tapering patients experienced disease flares. The pooled OR for disease flare in TNFi-tapering patients was 1.601 (95% CI 1.276 - 2.008) compared with the standard-dose patients. The funnel plot showed no publication bias.
CONCLUSIONS
The strategy of TNFi tapering was associated with a significantly increased risk of disease flare compared to maintaining SpA patients at the standard TNF dose. Further studies are needed to determine which patients can safely undergo tapering of TNFi and to develop safe tapering strategies.
Topics: Humans; Spondylarthritis; Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Symptom Flare Up; Drug Tapering; Antirheumatic Agents; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 38754279
DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112167 -
International Journal of Molecular... May 2024Sport injuries, including the anterior crucial ligament rupture (ACLR) seem to be related to complex genetic backgrounds, including the genes responsible for... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Sport injuries, including the anterior crucial ligament rupture (ACLR) seem to be related to complex genetic backgrounds, including the genes responsible for inflammatory response. This review and meta-analysis investigated the contribution of the polymorphisms of genes encoding inflammatory cytokines and their receptors to the risk of ACLR. The scientific databases Science Direct, EBSCO host, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar were screened (completed on 14 June 2023) according to the established inclusion/exclusion criteria (only fully accessible, original, human case-control studies written in English concerning the effect of interleukin genes' polymorphisms on the occurrence of ACL injury were included) and statistical meta-analysis using R version 4.0.3 was performed. The PRISMA methodology was used to review articles. The review protocol was registered under the number CRD42024514316 in the Prospero database. Eighty-nine studies were identified and narrowed down to three original case-control studies used for the meta-analysis. The studies analyzed Polish, South African, and Swedish cohorts, altogether 1282 participants. The candidate polymorphisms indicated in the studies involved IL6 rs1800795, IL6R rs2228145 and IL1B rs16944. The systematic review showed the relationships between IL6 rs1800795 polymorphism and ACLR in the Polish subpopulation, and IL6R rs2228145 and IL1B rs16944 in the South African subpopulations. The meta-analysis revealed that the IL6 rs1800795 CG genotype was over-represented (OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.02-1.66), while the CC genotype was under-represented (OR = 0.75, 95% CI 0.54-1.03) in ACLR subjects, but no significant impact of IL6R rs2228145 was shown. Additionally, a tendency of the IL1B rs16944 CT genotype to be protective (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.70-1.14), while the TT to be a risk genotype (OR 1.19, 95% CI 0.84-1.68) was observed. Thus, the relationship between the interleukin receptor IL6R rs2228145 and ACLR risk was not confirmed. However, the impact of genes coding pleiotropic IL6 rs1800795 on the incidences of ACLR was clear and the effect of pro-inflammatory IL1B rs16944 was possible.
Topics: Humans; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-1beta; Receptors, Interleukin-6; Interleukins; Risk Factors; Case-Control Studies
PubMed: 38732195
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094976 -
Journal of Affective Disorders Jul 2024Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) confers a higher risk of developing depression in adulthood, yet the mediation of inflammation remains under debate. To... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) confers a higher risk of developing depression in adulthood, yet the mediation of inflammation remains under debate. To test this model, we conducted a systematic review and two-stage structural equation modelling meta-analysis of studies reporting correlations between ACEs before age 18, inflammatory markers and depression severity in adulthood. Scopus, Pubmed, Medline, PsycInfo, and CINAHL were searched up to 2 October 2023. Twenty-two studies reporting data on C-reactive protein (CRP, n = 12,935), interleukin-6 (IL-6, n = 4108), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α, n = 2256) and composite measures of inflammation (n = 1674) were included. Unadjusted models revealed that CRP (β = 0.003, 95 % LBCI 0.0002 to 0.0068), IL-6 (β = 0.003, 95 % LBCI 0.001 to 0.006), and composite inflammation (β = 0.009, 95 % LBCI 0.004 to 0.018) significantly mediated the association between ACEs and adult depression. The mediation effects no longer survived after adjusting for BMI; however, a serial mediation model revealed that BMI and IL-6 sequentially mediated the association between ACEs and depression (β = 0.002, 95 % LBCI 0.0005 to 0.0046), accounting for 14.59 % and 9.94 % of the variance of IL-6 and depressive symptoms, respectively. Due to the cross-sectional nature of assessment of inflammation and depression findings should be approached with caution; however, results suggest that complex interactions of psychoneuroimmunological and metabolic factors underlie the association between ACEs and adulthood depression.
Topics: Humans; Adverse Childhood Experiences; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Adult; Depression; C-Reactive Protein; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Latent Class Analysis; Female; Male
PubMed: 38677656
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.072 -
Nutrition & Diabetes Apr 2024The beneficial effects of folate have been observed under different conditions, but the available evidence on inflammation and reduction of cardiovascular disease (CVD)... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The beneficial effects of folate have been observed under different conditions, but the available evidence on inflammation and reduction of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is limited. The study aimed to explore the effects of folate on inflammation and homocysteine amongst individuals with T2DM.
METHODS
PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library were used to search for evidence. A random-effect model meta-analysis through Review Manager (version 5.4) and metaHun was performed. Results were reported as standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals graphically using forest and funnel plots.
RESULTS
Data from 9 trials with 426 patients living with T2DM were analyzed. Folic acid supplementation significantly revealed a large effect size on homocysteine levels compared to placebo, SMD = -1.53, 95%CI (-2.14,-0.93), p < 0.05. Additionally, we observed a medium marginal effect size on C-reactive protein (SMD = -0.68, 95%CI (-1.34, -0.01), p = 0.05). However, no significant effect on tumor necrosis factor-α (SMD = -0.86, 95%CI (-2.65, 0.93), p = 0.34), and interleukin-6 (SMD = -0.04, 95%CI (-1.08, 1.01), p = 0.95) was observed.
CONCLUSION
Evidence analyzed in this study suggests that folic acid supplementation in T2DM reduces homocysteine and may mitigate CVDs. However, its effect on inflammation is inconclusive.
Topics: Humans; C-Reactive Protein; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dietary Supplements; Folic Acid; Homocysteine; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 38649347
DOI: 10.1038/s41387-024-00282-6 -
Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Apr 2024Increasing evidence demonstrates a link between the chronic inflammatory state in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the development of insulin resistance. It... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND AND AIM
Increasing evidence demonstrates a link between the chronic inflammatory state in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the development of insulin resistance. It is thought that anti-TNF-α biologic therapy may improve insulin sensitivity and ameliorate insulin resistance by the downregulation of inflammatory cytokines, however, pre-clinical and clinical studies have yielded conflicting results. A meta-analysis on this topic is necessary to summarize current evidence and generate hypotheses for future research.
METHODS
Literature search was performed in four databases, namely PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and The Cochrane Library, from inception till April 9, 2023, querying studies reporting peripheral insulin resistance with and without anti-TNF-α use in patients with RA. Peripheral insulin resistance or sensitivity was quantified by the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA) index or the Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) respectively. The difference in insulin resistance or sensitivity between the treatment and control group was calculated using standardized mean difference (SMD) for the purposes of the meta-analysis.
RESULTS
Twelve articles were reviewed, with 10 longitudinal studies with a total of 297 patients included in the meta-analysis. The pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) from baseline HOMA was -0.82 (95% CI: -1.38 to -0.25) suggesting significant beneficial effects of anti-TNF-α therapy on insulin resistance.
CONCLUSION
Current evidence supports the significant clinical efficacy of anti-TNF-α biologics in alleviating insulin resistance and improving insulin sensitivity in patients with active RA.
Topics: Humans; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Insulin Resistance; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Biological Products; Prognosis; Antirheumatic Agents
PubMed: 38604059
DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103001 -
Brazilian Oral Research 2024This systematic review aimed to answer the focused question: "What are the benefits of subgingival periodontal therapy on blood hematological and biochemical index,...
This systematic review aimed to answer the focused question: "What are the benefits of subgingival periodontal therapy on blood hematological and biochemical index, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress, quality of life, and periodontal pathogen counts in patients with obesity and periodontitis?". A systematic literature search was performed in six databases: PubMed, Embase, LILACS, Web of Science, Cochrane and SCOPUS and other sources, and a manual search was conducted as well. Inclusion criteria were randomized and non-randomized clinical trials, and before-and-after studies on patients with obesity subjected to periodontal therapy. The results were synthesized qualitatively. Risk of bias within studies was assessed using RoB 2 and ROBINS-I tools. The certainty of evidence was evaluated following the GRADE approach. Three randomized controlled trials and 15 before-and-after studies were included. Randomized controlled trials were considered to have a low risk of bias, as compared to before-and-after studies assessed as having low, serious, and critical risks of bias. Non-surgical periodontal therapy plus azithromycin, chlorhexidine, and cetylpyridinium chloride reduced blood pressure and decreased serum levels of HbA1c, hsCRP, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Salivary resistin level also decreased in patients with obesity and periodontitis after therapy and chlorhexidine mouth rinse. Before-and-after data suggest an improvement in total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, insulin resistance, C3, GCF levels of TNF-α, chemerin, vaspin, omentin-1, visfatin, 8-OHdG, and periodontal pathogen counts after therapy.
Topics: Humans; Chlorhexidine; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Quality of Life; Periodontitis; Obesity; Chronic Periodontitis; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 38597549
DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2024.vol38.0031