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Frontiers in Oral Health 2024The study aimed to evaluate the impact of tobacco use on the composition and functions of the oral microbiome in healthy adult humans. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The study aimed to evaluate the impact of tobacco use on the composition and functions of the oral microbiome in healthy adult humans.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic search on PubMed, Web of Science, and Cinhal databases for literature published until 15 December 2023, to identify studies that have evaluated the oral microbiome with culture-independent next-generation techniques comparing the oral microbiome of tobacco users and non-users. The search followed the PECO format. The outcomes included changes in microbial diversity and abundance of microbial taxa. The quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) (PROSPERO ID CRD42022340151).
RESULTS
Out of 2,435 articles screened, 36 articles satisfied the eligibility criteria and were selected for full-text review. Despite differences in design, quality, and population characteristics, most studies reported an increase in bacterial diversity and richness in tobacco users. The most notable bacterial taxa enriched in users were and at the phylum level and , , and at the genus level. At the functional level, more similarities could be noted; and were increased in tobacco users compared to non-users. Most of the studies were of good quality on the NOS scale.
CONCLUSION
Tobacco smoking influences oral microbial community harmony, and it shows a definitive shift towards a proinflammatory milieu. Heterogeneities were detected due to sampling and other methodological differences, emphasizing the need for greater quality research using standardized methods and reporting.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
CRD42022340151.
PubMed: 38445094
DOI: 10.3389/froh.2024.1310334 -
Current Diabetes Reviews Jan 2024Diabetes is one of the chronic and very complex diseases that can lead to microvascular complications. Recent evidence demonstrates that dysbiosis of the microbiota...
BACKGROUND
Diabetes is one of the chronic and very complex diseases that can lead to microvascular complications. Recent evidence demonstrates that dysbiosis of the microbiota composition might result in low-grade, local, and systemic inflammation, which contributes directly to the development of diabetes mellitus and its microvascular consequences.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the association between diabetes microvascular complications, including retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, and gut microbiota composition.
METHODS
A systematic search was carried out in PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science from database inception to March 2023. Screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed by two independent authors. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was used for quality assessment.
RESULTS
About 19 articles were selected from 590 retrieved articles. Among the included studies, nephropathy has been studied more than other complications of diabetes, showing that the composition of the healthy microbiota is changed, and large quantities of uremic solutes that cause kidney injury are produced by gut microbes. Phyla, including Fusobacteria and Proteobacteria, accounted for the majority of the variation in gut microbiota between Type 2 diabetic patients with and without neuropathy. In cases with retinopathy, an increase in pathogenic and proinflammatory bacteria was observed.
CONCLUSION
Our results revealed that increases in Bacteroidetes, proteobacteria and fusobacteria may be associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. In view of the detrimental role of intestinal dysbiosis in the development of diabetes-related complications, gut microbiota assessment may be used as a biomarker in the future and interventions that modulate the composition of microbiota in individuals with diabetes can be used to prevent and control these complications.
PubMed: 38275035
DOI: 10.2174/0115733998280396231212114345 -
Colorectal Disease : the Official... Feb 2024The gastrointestinal bile acid (BA)/microbiota axis has emerged as a potential mediator of health and disease, particularly in relation to pathologies such as... (Review)
Review
AIM
The gastrointestinal bile acid (BA)/microbiota axis has emerged as a potential mediator of health and disease, particularly in relation to pathologies such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer. Whilst it presents an exciting new avenue for therapies, it has not yet been characterized in surgical resection of the ileum, where BA reabsorption occurs. The identification of BA/microbiota signatures may provide future therapies with perioperative personalized medicine. In this work we conduct a systematic review with the aim of investigating the microbiome and BA changes that are associated with resection of the ileum.
METHOD
The databases included were MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane libraries. The outcomes of interest were faecal microbiome and BA signatures after ileal resection.
RESULTS
Of the initial 3106 articles, three studies met the inclusion/exclusion criteria for data extraction. A total of 257 patients (46% surgery, 54% nonsurgery controls) were included in the three studies. Two studies included patients with short bowel syndrome and the other included patients with IBD. Large-scale microbiota changes were reported. In general, alpha diversity had decreased amongst patients with ileal surgery. Phylum-level changes included decreased Bacteroidetes and increased Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria in patients with an intestinal resection. Surgery was associated with increased total faecal BAs, cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid. There were decreases in deoxycholic acid and glycine and taurine conjugated bile salts. Integrated BA and microbiota data identified correlations with several bacterial families and BA.
CONCLUSION
The BA/microbiota axis is still a novel area with minimal observational data in surgery. Further mechanistic research is necessary to further explore this and identify its role in improving perioperative outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Bile Acids and Salts; Intestines; Microbiota; Ileum; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
PubMed: 38177086
DOI: 10.1111/codi.16837 -
3 Biotech Sep 2023Gastroduodenal diseases have prevailed for a long time and more so due to dominance of gut bacteria in most of the cases. But habitation by other gut microbiota in... (Review)
Review
Gastroduodenal diseases have prevailed for a long time and more so due to dominance of gut bacteria in most of the cases. But habitation by other gut microbiota in gastroduodenal diseases and the relationship between and gastrointestinal microbiota in different gastroduodenal diseases is somewhat being unravelled in the current times. For this systematic review, we did a literature search of various gastroduodenal diseases and the effect on gut microbiota pertaining to it. A search of the online bibliographic databases PUBMED and PUBMED CENTRAL was carried out to identify articles published between 1977 and May 2022. The analysis of these selected studies highlighted the inhabitation of other gut microbiota such as , and many others. Interplay between these microbiota and have also been noted which suggested that gastroduodenal diseases and gut microbiota are intertwined by a symbiotic association regardless of the status. The relationship between the gut microbiota and many gastroduodenal diseases, such as gastritis, gastric cancer, lymphomas, and ulcers, demonstrates the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in both the presence and absence of . The evolving ways for eliminating are provided along with inhibiting qualities of other species on . Most significant member of our gut system is which has been associated with numerous diseases like gastric cancer, gastritis, duodenal ulcer.
PubMed: 37588796
DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03734-5 -
Heliyon Feb 2023The aim of this study was to summarize previously published data and assess the alterations in the composition of the oral microbiome in OSCC using a systematic review... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to summarize previously published data and assess the alterations in the composition of the oral microbiome in OSCC using a systematic review and meta-analysis.
DESIGN
Electronic databases were systematically searched for studies on the oral microbiome in OSCC published before December 2021. Qualitative assessments of compositional variations at the phylum level were performed. The meta-analysis on abundance changes of bacteria genera was performed via a random-effects model.
RESULTS
A total of 18 studies involving 1056 participants were included. They consisted of two categories of studies: 1) case-control studies (n = 9); 2) nine studies that compared the oral microbiome between cancerous tissues and paired paracancerous tissues. At the phylum level, enrichment of Fusobacteria but depletion in Actinobacteria and Firmicutes in the oral microbiome was demonstrated in both categories of studies. At the genus level, showed an increased abundance in OSCC patients (SMD = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.43-0.87, Z = 5.809, = 0.000) and in cancerous tissues (SMD = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.36-0.72, Z = 5.785, = 0.000). The abundance of was decreased in OSCC (SMD = -0.46, 95% CI: -0.88-0.04, Z = -2.146, = 0.032) and in cancerous tissues (SMD = -0.45, 95% CI: -0.78-0.13, Z = -2.726, = 0.006).
CONCLUSIONS
Disturbances in the interactions between enriched and depleted may participate in or prompt the occurrence and development of OSCC and could be potential biomarkers for detection of OSCC.
PubMed: 36793959
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13198 -
International Journal of Environmental... Nov 2022The implementation of adjunctive antibiotics has been recommended for the therapy of peri-implantitis (PI). In this review, antibiotic resistance patterns in PI patients... (Review)
Review
The implementation of adjunctive antibiotics has been recommended for the therapy of peri-implantitis (PI). In this review, antibiotic resistance patterns in PI patients were assessed. A systematic scoping review of observational studies and trials was established in conjunction with the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews. The SCOPUS, PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCIELO, Web of Science, and LILACS databases were reviewed along with the gray literature. The primary electronic examination produced 139 investigations. Finally, four observational studies met the selection criteria. These studies evaluated 214 implants in 168 patients. and mainly presented high resistance to tetracycline, metronidazole, and erythromycin in PI patients. Similarly, was also highly resistant to clindamycin and doxycycline. Other microorganisms such as , , and also presented significant levels of resistance to other antibiotics including amoxicillin, azithromycin, and moxifloxacin. However, most microorganisms did not show resistance to the combination amoxicillin metronidazole. Although the management of adjunctive antimicrobials in the therapy of PI is controversial, in this review, the resistance of relevant microorganisms to antibiotics used to treat PI, and usually prescribed in dentistry, was observed. Clinicians should consider the antibiotic resistance demonstrated in the treatment of PI patients and its public health consequences.
Topics: Humans; Peri-Implantitis; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Amoxicillin; Metronidazole; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 36497685
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315609 -
Critical Reviews in Food Science and... 2024This article aims to verify the relationship between the composition and diversity of oral microbiota with overweight and obese children and adolescents. This systematic...
This article aims to verify the relationship between the composition and diversity of oral microbiota with overweight and obese children and adolescents. This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO, followed PRISMA 2020, and included an electronic search until March 2022, in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and The Cochrane Library databases. Studies were eligible if they compared the oral microbiota according to nutrition status among children and adolescents. Independent peers using JBI Critical Appraisal Checklists assessed the quality of studies. Eleven studies were eligible to be included in this review, with a total of 1,695 children and adolescents, 224 were obese, 190 were overweight, 1,154 were eutrophics and 127 were underweight. The most frequent phyla in overweight and obese children and adolescents, in comparison to their counterparts were , , , and . It was identified that nine of the eleven articles selected showed an association between oral microbiota and overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. We observed that there is an important association between oral bacterial composition diversity and overweight and obesity. This finding indicates the relevance of the evaluation and surveillance in oral health to control cases of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents.
Topics: Humans; Child; Adolescent; Mouth; Microbiota; Overweight; Pediatric Obesity; Nutritional Status; Bacteria
PubMed: 36419361
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2140330 -
Current Nutrition Reports Sep 2022Cancers are a leading cause of death in humans and for many other species. Diet has often been associated with cancers, and the microbiome is an essential mediator... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Cancers are a leading cause of death in humans and for many other species. Diet has often been associated with cancers, and the microbiome is an essential mediator between diet and cancers. Here, we review the work on cancer and the microbiome across species to search for broad patterns of susceptibility associated with different microbial species.
RECENT FINDINGS
Some microbes, such as Helicobacter bacteria, papillomaviruses, and the carnivore-associated Fusobacteria, consistently induce tumorigenesis in humans and other species. Other microbes, such as the milk-associated Lactobacillus, consistently inhibit tumorigenesis in humans and other species. We systematically reviewed over a thousand published articles and identified links between diet, microbes, and cancers in several species of mammals, birds, and flies. Future work should examine a larger variety of host species to discover new model organisms for human preclinical trials, to better understand the observed variance in cancer prevalence across species, and to discover which microbes and diets are associated with cancers across species. Ultimately, this could help identify microbial and dietary interventions to diagnose, prevent, and treat cancers in humans as well as other animals.
Topics: Animals; Carcinogenesis; Diet; Humans; Mammals; Microbiota; Neoplasms
PubMed: 35704266
DOI: 10.1007/s13668-022-00420-5 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2022Recent data indicate the importance of gut-kidney axis in the pathogenesis of Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). Growing evidence suggests the alterations of diversity... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Recent data indicate the importance of gut-kidney axis in the pathogenesis of Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). Growing evidence suggests the alterations of diversity and composition of gut microbiome among patients with IgAN, however, the details are not yet fully understood.
METHODS
Eligible studies comparing the gut microbiome between patients with IgAN and non-IgAN individuals were systematically searched from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and . The primary outcomes were alpha- and beta-diversity, and the differences in gut microbiota composition between patients with IgAN and non-IgAN persons. Qualitative analysis and meta-analysis were performed according to available data.
RESULTS
Eleven cross-sectional studies, including 409 patients with IgAN and 243 healthy controls, were enrolled. No significant differences in the diversity and enrichment of gut bacteria were found between IgAN and healthy individuals, whereas the beta-diversity consistently showed significant microbial dissimilarities among the two groups. , and were the dominant phyla, however, no significant differences were found between IgAN patients and healthy controls at the phylum level. The genera, and showed a higher proportion in patients with IgAN compared to healthy individuals, whereas showed a lower abundance according to meta-analysis. Qualitative analyses suggested that might be increased in IgAN patients; the genera, ,and , members of and families, were likely to have decreased abundances in patients with IgAN compared to healthy individuals.
CONCLUSION
Gut microbiota dysbiosis was demonstrated in IgAN, which might be involved in the pathogenesis of IgAN. Further studies are needed to confirm the findings of this study, due to the substantial heterogeneity.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier PROSPERO (CRD42022304034).
Topics: Bacteroidetes; Clostridiales; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dysbiosis; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Glomerulonephritis, IGA; Humans; Verrucomicrobia
PubMed: 35656030
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.904401 -
Enfermedades Infecciosas Y... May 2022The etiological factors of colorectal cancer (CRC) are not precisely known, although genetic and environmental factors have been implicated. A possible association with... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
The etiological factors of colorectal cancer (CRC) are not precisely known, although genetic and environmental factors have been implicated. A possible association with Fusobacterium nucleatum may provide opportunities for an early diagnosis.
OBJECTIVE
To review studies that address the association between F. nucleatum and CRC.
METHODS
The MEDLINE PubMed database was searched using the terms «colorectal cancer» and "Fusobacterium nucleatum", retrieving publications published up to January 1 2020. Stata software was used for a meta-analysis.
RESULTS
The systematic review included 57 articles. Meta-analysis results indicated a more frequent presence of F. nucleatum in CRC tumour tissue samples in comparison to control samples of healthy tissue, with an odds ratio of 4.558 (95% CI: 3.312-6.272), and in comparison, to control samples of colorectal adenomas, with an odds ratio of 3.244 (95 % CI: 2.359-4.462).
CONCLUSION
There is a more frequent resence of F. nucleatum in the CRC. However, further studies are needed to verify this relationship.
Topics: Colorectal Neoplasms; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Humans
PubMed: 35256335
DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2022.02.007