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Compendium of Continuing Education in... Jun 2024The anatomic proximity of maxillary posterior teeth to the maxillary sinus provides a natural conduit for the spread of dental pathology into the maxillary sinus. This... (Review)
Review
The anatomic proximity of maxillary posterior teeth to the maxillary sinus provides a natural conduit for the spread of dental pathology into the maxillary sinus. This diffusion results in the development of sinus disease attributable to endodontic pathology, and is termed "maxillary sinusitis of endodontic origin" (MSEO). Ultimately, suspicion of odontogenic causes of sinus disease should come as a relief to the provider and patient alike as the conditions are very treatable by noninvasive means with high expected success. This article reviews the diagnosis and management of odontogenic sinusitis with an emphasis on CBCT imaging as part of the interdisciplinary diagnostic workup. Illustrative cases documenting the treatment of MSEO are also presented.
Topics: Humans; Maxillary Sinusitis; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
PubMed: 38900445
DOI: No ID Found -
Community Dentistry and Oral... Jun 2024To assess the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease of the Rohingya refugees and host community in Bangladesh.
OBJECTIVES
To assess the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease of the Rohingya refugees and host community in Bangladesh.
METHODS
An unpublished pilot was conducted for the sample size calculation. Two-stage cluster sampling method was used to select 50 participants from refugee camps and 50 from the host community. Structured questionnaire and periodontal examination were completed. Composite measures of periodontal disease were based on the World Workshop (WW) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-American Academy of Periodontology. Linear regression models, for clinical attachment level and periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and ordered logistic regression models, for composite measures, were fitted to test the association of periodontal measures and refugee status.
RESULTS
Compared to the host community, a smaller percentage of refugees reported good oral health-related behaviours. Refugees exhibited lower levels of bleeding on probing but higher PPD, hence a higher proportion had severe stages of periodontitis. As per the WW, prevalence of periodontal disease was 88% and 100% in the host and refugee groups, respectively. In the unadjusted models, refugees were three times more likely to have severe stages of periodontitis; this association was attenuated when adjusted for confounders (sociodemographic variables and oral health-related behaviours).
CONCLUSIONS
Prevalence of periodontitis was high both in the host community and refugees. The refugees exhibited a more severe disease profile. The oral health of both groups is under-researched impacting the response of the health system. Large-scale research systematically exploring the oral health of both groups will inform the design and delivery of community-based interventions.
PubMed: 38898593
DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12985 -
Dental and Medical Problems Jun 2024Dentofacial infection resulting from untreated dental caries or periodontal disease is a serious disease that can spread to deeper tissues of the face and neck.
BACKGROUND
Dentofacial infection resulting from untreated dental caries or periodontal disease is a serious disease that can spread to deeper tissues of the face and neck.
OBJECTIVES
The present study aimed to analyze the salivary cytokine profile and oxidative stress parameters as potential biomarkers of acute odontogenic infections in children.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The prospective study group (DI) consisted of 28 children aged 3-17 years with acute dentofacial infections, and the control group (CG) comprised 52 children aged 4-17 years with uncomplicated dental caries. The cytokine profile was analyzed using the Bio-Plex Pro™ Human Cytokine 27-plex kit. In addition, oxidative stress parameters, such as catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), manganese SOD (Mn-SOD), copper-zinc SOD (CuZn-SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), and malondialdehyde (MDA), in the saliva of children in both groups were compared.
RESULTS
The levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP-1α) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were significantly increased in children with dentofacial infections as compared to CG. In contrast, the levels of other pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-1 receptor agonist (IL-Ra), IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), and MIP-1β, did not show statistically significant differences between the 2 groups. Among the measured oxidative stress and antioxidative parameters, only CAT and GR were elevated in children with dentofacial infections as compared to controls.
CONCLUSIONS
IL-6, MIP-1α, TNF-α, CAT, and GR can serve as selective biomarkers of oral cavity inflammation in children. These biomarkers can be useful in identifying and monitoring the progress and treatment of bacterial infections resulting in dentofacial inflammation.
PubMed: 38895870
DOI: 10.17219/dmp/185733 -
European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry Jun 2024To compare how parents' attitudes, knowledge, and sociodemographic characteristics influence untreated early childhood caries in infants and preschoolers in Brazil and...
AIM
To compare how parents' attitudes, knowledge, and sociodemographic characteristics influence untreated early childhood caries in infants and preschoolers in Brazil and Colombia.
BACKGROUND
Dental caries is a prevalent chronic disease affecting children worldwide. However, little research has explored the connection between parents' knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about oral health and the occurrence of dental caries in their children's primary teeth.
MATERIALS
Oral health information was evaluated in children aged 3 to 5 years with a questionnaire covering sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables, family information and questions about health knowledge and child's and parents' oral health. In addition, oral examinations have been carried out to determine the prevalence of untreated dental caries. A p-value of 0.05 and 95% reliability level were considered statistically significant.
CONCLUSION
Untreated caries in infants and preschoolers are influenced by socioeconomic status, maternal education, sugar consumption, oral hygiene, and parents' beliefs about primary dentition.
PubMed: 38888576
DOI: 10.23804/ejpd.2024.2102 -
Primary Dental Journal Jun 2024First recorded in 1928, people living with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at a three to four times higher risk of developing periodontal disease (PD) than non-diabetics; for...
First recorded in 1928, people living with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at a three to four times higher risk of developing periodontal disease (PD) than non-diabetics; for those who smoke this risk increases up to ten times. However, many doctors are unaware of this.DM and PD are bidirectionally linked, the one affecting the other and vice versa, although the mechanism is not fully understood and may be linked to chronic infection. PD has an adverse effect on glycaemic control. That improves when periodontitis is successfully treated.Doctors should consider PD when their patients have persistently high glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, and dentists should consider diabetes or pre-diabetes when they have patients with unstable or progressive periodontitis.Doctors, dentists, and their teams need to share results. A traffic light system of red, amber and green for both medical and dental risks is proposed, and a pro forma designed, so that diabetics themselves can share them with their professional advisors until such times as there are reliable methods of interprofessional communication and a paradigm shift in working practices is achieved.Dentists need to find ways to teach their medical colleagues about the basics of PD, update their medical records, and understand more about medical risks. More research is required.
Topics: Humans; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Glycated Hemoglobin; Periodontal Diseases; Risk Factors
PubMed: 38888080
DOI: 10.1177/20501684241254654 -
The Saudi Dental Journal Jun 2024The association between sleeve gastrectomy and halitosis remains relatively unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of sleeve gastrectomy on...
BACKGROUND
The association between sleeve gastrectomy and halitosis remains relatively unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of sleeve gastrectomy on halitosis and the oral bacterial species associated with halitosis in patients with obesity.
METHODS
This was a prospective longitudinal cohort study that examined patients before and after sleeve gastrectomy and followed the patients at three time intervals (1, 3, and 6 months) after sleeve gastrectomy. Clinical periodontal measurements (plaque index [PI], gingival index [GI], and probing depth [PD]) were obtained. In addition, plaque samples were collected for quantification of the periodontopathogenic bacteria: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, and Fusobacterium nucleatum using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In addition, breath samples were collected to analyze the concentration of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), namely hydrogen sulfide (H2S), methyl mercaptan (CH3SH), and dimethyl sulfide (CH3SCH3), via portable gas chromatography (Oral Chroma™).
RESULTS
Of the 43 patients initially included, 39 completed the study, with a mean age of 32.2 ± 10.4 years. For PI and GI repeated measurements one way analysis of variance showed a significant increase (p-value < 0.001 for both) one month after surgery, with mean values of 1.3 and 1.59, respectively, compared to the baseline. During the same period, the number of increased, with a p-value = 0.04. Similarly, the levels of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3SH) increased significantly in the first month after surgery (p-value = 0.02 and 0.01, respectively).
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrated that sleeve gastrectomy may lead to increased halitosis one month post-surgery, attributed to elevated and counts, contributing to the development of gingivitis in obese patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy. This emphasizes the importance of including oral health professionals in the multidisciplinary team for the management of patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
PubMed: 38883904
DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.04.005 -
The Saudi Dental Journal Jun 2024The restoration of bone defects resulting from tooth loss, periodontal disease, severe trauma, tumour resection and congenital malformations is a crucial task in... (Review)
Review
The restoration of bone defects resulting from tooth loss, periodontal disease, severe trauma, tumour resection and congenital malformations is a crucial task in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery. Growth factor- and gene-activated bone graft substitutes can be used instead of traditional materials to solve these problems. New materials will overcome the low efficacy and difficulties associated with the use of traditional bone substitutes in complex situations. One of the most well-studied active components for bone graft substitutes is bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), which has strong osteoinductive properties. The aim of this review was to examine the use of BMP-2 protein and gene therapy for bone regeneration in the oral and maxillofacial region and to discuss its future use.
PubMed: 38883899
DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.03.015 -
Clinical and Experimental Dental... Jun 2024The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship of the depression level with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in young conscripts as a population with...
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship of the depression level with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in young conscripts as a population with chronic stresses.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A total number of 144 male conscripts with chronic stress and different levels of depression were assigned to four groups according to the Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI). The control group consisted of age-matched male conscripts without chronic stress. The diagnosis of TMD was made according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD). Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney and chi-square tests.
RESULTS
The participants with severe depression were significantly more susceptible to have TMD (p = .001) followed by the moderate depression, borderline clinical depression, mild mood disturbance, and control groups. The TMD diagnoses were more prevalent within depression groups compared with the control population (p = .01).
CONCLUSIONS
The level of depression is directly associated with the presence of TMD in young men with chronic stress.
Topics: Humans; Male; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders; Depression; Stress, Psychological; Young Adult; Case-Control Studies; Military Personnel; Adolescent; Adult; Chronic Disease
PubMed: 38881227
DOI: 10.1002/cre2.909 -
Dental Clinics of North America Jul 2024The provision of dental sleep medicine (DSM) has caused the rapid growth and expansion of an industry that includes health care providers, manufacturers, and retailers.... (Review)
Review
The provision of dental sleep medicine (DSM) has caused the rapid growth and expansion of an industry that includes health care providers, manufacturers, and retailers. Sleep is used as a vital sign by health care providers to screen and test for sleep disorders and to prevent future health issues, disease, and catastrophic events. Professional services and devices continue to be developed to enhance and foster better sleep hygiene and environment and to encourage improved sleep by building a comprehensive portfolio of sleep solutions, including DSM. However, the provision of DSM requires compliance with applicable state and federal regulations.
Topics: Humans; United States; Sleep Wake Disorders; Sleep Hygiene; Sleep Medicine Specialty
PubMed: 38879286
DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2024.03.001 -
Dental Clinics of North America Jul 2024Sleep-related breathing disorders, encompassing snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), are highly prevalent worldwide, and there have been important advances in... (Review)
Review
Sleep-related breathing disorders, encompassing snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), are highly prevalent worldwide, and there have been important advances in recent years regarding the understanding of underlying pathophysiology mechanisms, diagnosis, and improvement in therapeutic options. The precision medicine and person-centered approaches are based on the concept that every individual is unique and a myriad of elements influence the likelihood of developing the disease, the signs and symptoms expressed, the response to different treatment modalities, and the susceptibility to complications. Thus, health and disease are the result of phenotypic outcomes resulting from interactions between biological factors, environment, and lifestyle.
Topics: Humans; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Precision Medicine; Snoring
PubMed: 38879278
DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2024.02.004