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International Journal of Systematic and... May 2015An actinobacterium, designated strain DLS-70(T), was isolated from a soil sample from the surface of a rock on the peak of Darangshi Oreum (a volcanic cone) in Jeju,...
An actinobacterium, designated strain DLS-70(T), was isolated from a soil sample from the surface of a rock on the peak of Darangshi Oreum (a volcanic cone) in Jeju, Republic of Korea. Substrate mycelium was produced abundantly on most of the media tested. Spiral chains of spores with warty surface developed on the aerial hyphae. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain DLS-70(T) belonged to the genus Actinomadura and was most closely related to Actinomadura bangladeshensis DSM 45347(T) (98.9% sequence similarity), Actinomadura madurae DSM 43067(T) (98.8%) and Actinomadura chokoriensis DSM 45346(T) (98.6%). Chemotaxonomic observations supported the assignment of the isolate to the genus Actinomadura . DNA-DNA relatedness values between strain DLS-70(T) and the type strains of the closest phylogenetic relatives were less than 20%. On the basis of data from this polyphasic study, strain DLS-70(T) ( =KCTC 29224(T) =DSM 45941(T)) is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Actinomadura , for which the name Actinomadura darangshiensis sp. nov. is proposed.
Topics: Actinomycetales; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Diaminopimelic Acid; Fatty Acids; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Republic of Korea; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil Microbiology; Vitamin K 2; Volcanic Eruptions
PubMed: 25678680
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.000099 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology 2015It is popularly believed that eumycetoma cases should be dealt with using surgical amputation for a better chance of cure especially when chemotherapy has failed....
It is popularly believed that eumycetoma cases should be dealt with using surgical amputation for a better chance of cure especially when chemotherapy has failed. However, amputation leads to disability on one hand and on the other it may also fail to be curative. We present two cases with contrasting treatment options and outcome. In the eumycetoma case reported here, a 40-year-old male presented with right foot swelling for 16 years, from which Scedosporium apiospermum was isolated. He responded poorly to antifungal therapy and refused below-knee amputation 12 years ago. With counseling and wound care his condition improved, and Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) score remained almost stable at 90% for 16 years, which is much better than the average functional outcome after amputation. Another 46-year-old female underwent below-knee amputation after receiving incomplete courses of antibiotics and antifungals for mycetoma of unknown etiology. She presented to us after recurrence of mycetoma on an amputated stump and was successfully treated by proper courses of antibiotics after detecting the causal agent, Actinomadura madurae. Her post-amputation disability and depression could have been avoided if the hasty decision of amputation had not been taken. In our opinion, living with drug-non-responsive mycetoma, supported by symptomatic management, may be a better option than amputation and its associated morbidities. So before taking the path of salvage amputation, we must consider many aspects, including patient's livelihood, psychological aspects and chances of recurrence even after the procedure.
PubMed: 25657401
DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.147799 -
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases Aug 2014Mycetoma is a chronic granulomatous disease. It is classified into eumycetoma caused by fungi and actinomycetoma due to filamentous actinomycetes. Mycetoma can be found...
Mycetoma is a chronic granulomatous disease. It is classified into eumycetoma caused by fungi and actinomycetoma due to filamentous actinomycetes. Mycetoma can be found in geographic areas in close proximity to the Tropic of Cancer. Mexico is one of the countries in which this disease is highly endemic. In this retrospective study we report epidemiologic, clinical and microbiologic data of mycetoma observed in the General Hospital of Mexico in a 33 year-period (1980 to 2013). A total of 482 cases were included which were clinical and microbiology confirmed. Four hundred and forty four cases (92.11%) were actinomycetomas and 38 cases (7.88%) were eumycetomas. Most patients were agricultural workers; there was a male predominance with a sex ratio of 3:1. The mean age was 34.5 years old (most ranged from 21 to 40 years). The main affected localization was lower and upper limbs (70.74% and 14.52% respectively). Most of the patients came from humid tropical areas (Morelos, Guerrero and Hidalgo were the regions commonly reported). The main clinical presentation was as tumor-like soft tissue swelling with draining sinuses (97.1%). Grains were observed in all the cases. The principal causative agents for actinomycetoma were: Nocardia brasiliensis (78.21%) and Actinomadura madurae (8.7%); meanwhile, for eumycetomas: Madurella mycetomatis and Scedosporium boydii (synonym: Pseudallescheria boydii) were identified. This is a single-center, with long-follow up, cross-sectional study that allows determining the prevalence and characteristics of mycetoma in different regions of Mexico.
Topics: Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Mexico; Mycetoma; Young Adult
PubMed: 25144462
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003102 -
Annales de Chirurgie Plastique Et... Apr 2015Mycetoma is a chronic inflammatory cutaneous and subcutaneous pathology caused by either a fongic (eumycetoma) or bacterial (actinomycetoma) infection, which lead to a...
Mycetoma is a chronic inflammatory cutaneous and subcutaneous pathology caused by either a fongic (eumycetoma) or bacterial (actinomycetoma) infection, which lead to a granulomatous tumefaction with multiple sinuses. When localized in the foot this infection is named "Madura foot". This infection is endemic to tropical and subtropical regions and rarely occurs in western countries. A historical case in Europe of a foot mycetoma evolving since 20 years without any treatment is presented. A histopathologic diagnosis of actinomycetoma has been done in 1987. The patient presented a severe Staphylococcus aureus chronic osteitis leading to a trans-tibial amputation. This case allows to present this infection which, even if rarely presented in France, can be meet especially among a migrant's population.
Topics: Adult; Amputation, Surgical; Foot Dermatoses; Humans; Male; Mycetoma; Osteitis; Staphylococcal Infections; Transients and Migrants
PubMed: 24380724
DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2013.11.002