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Nature Aging Jul 2024Accumulating senescent cells within tissues contribute to the progression of aging and age-related diseases. Botanical extracts, rich in phytoconstituents, present a...
Accumulating senescent cells within tissues contribute to the progression of aging and age-related diseases. Botanical extracts, rich in phytoconstituents, present a useful resource for discovering therapies that could target senescence and thus improve healthspan. Here, we show that daily oral administration of a standardized extract of Salvia haenkei (Haenkenium (HK)) extended lifespan and healthspan of naturally aged mice. HK treatment inhibited age-induced inflammation, fibrosis and senescence markers across several tissues, as well as increased muscle strength and fur thickness compared with age-matched controls. We also found that HK treatment reduced acutely induced senescence by the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin, using p16 reporter mice. We profiled the constituent components of HK by mass spectrometry, and identified luteolin-the most concentrated flavonoid in HK-as a senomorphic compound. Mechanistically, by performing surface plasmon resonance and in situ proximity ligation assay, we found that luteolin disrupted the p16-CDK6 interaction. This work demonstrates that administration of HK promotes longevity in mice, possibly by modulating cellular senescence and by disrupting the p16-CDK6 interaction.
PubMed: 38951692
DOI: 10.1038/s43587-024-00663-7 -
Eye (London, England) Jul 2024
PubMed: 38951676
DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-03217-8 -
Nature Genetics Jul 2024Pubertal timing varies considerably and is associated with later health outcomes. We performed multi-ancestry genetic analyses on ~800,000 women, identifying 1,080...
Pubertal timing varies considerably and is associated with later health outcomes. We performed multi-ancestry genetic analyses on ~800,000 women, identifying 1,080 signals for age at menarche. Collectively, these explained 11% of trait variance in an independent sample. Women at the top and bottom 1% of polygenic risk exhibited ~11 and ~14-fold higher risks of delayed and precocious puberty, respectively. We identified several genes harboring rare loss-of-function variants in ~200,000 women, including variants in ZNF483, which abolished the impact of polygenic risk. Variant-to-gene mapping approaches and mouse gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron RNA sequencing implicated 665 genes, including an uncharacterized G-protein-coupled receptor, GPR83, which amplified the signaling of MC3R, a key nutritional sensor. Shared signals with menopause timing at genes involved in DNA damage response suggest that the ovarian reserve might signal centrally to trigger puberty. We also highlight body size-dependent and independent mechanisms that potentially link reproductive timing to later life disease.
PubMed: 38951643
DOI: 10.1038/s41588-024-01798-4 -
Scientific Reports Jul 2024Overly restrictive clinical trial eligibility criteria can reduce generalizability, slow enrollment, and disproportionately exclude historically underrepresented...
Overly restrictive clinical trial eligibility criteria can reduce generalizability, slow enrollment, and disproportionately exclude historically underrepresented populations. The eligibility criteria for 196 Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (AD/ADRD) trials funded by the National Institute on Aging were analyzed to identify common criteria and their potential to disproportionately exclude participants by race/ethnicity. The trials were categorized by type (48 Phase I/II pharmacological, 7 Phase III/IV pharmacological, 128 non-pharmacological, 7 diagnostic, and 6 neuropsychiatric) and target population (51 AD/ADRD, 58 Mild Cognitive Impairment, 25 at-risk, and 62 cognitively normal). Eligibility criteria were coded into the following categories: Medical, Neurologic, Psychiatric, and Procedural. A literature search was conducted to describe the prevalence of disparities for eligibility criteria for African Americans/Black (AA/B), Hispanic/Latino (H/L), American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (NH/PI) populations. The trials had a median of 15 criteria. The most frequent criterion were age cutoffs (87% of trials), specified neurologic (65%), and psychiatric disorders (61%). Underrepresented groups could be disproportionately excluded by 16 eligibility categories; 42% of trials specified English-speakers only in their criteria. Most trials (82%) contain poorly operationalized criteria (i.e., criteria not well defined that can have multiple interpretations/means of implementation) and criteria that may reduce racial/ethnic enrollment diversity.
Topics: Humans; Alzheimer Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Patient Selection; Dementia; Eligibility Determination; United States; Ethnicity; Cognitive Dysfunction; National Institute on Aging (U.S.)
PubMed: 38951633
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65767-x -
Scientific Reports Jul 2024Pink bollworm (PBW) Pectinophora gossypiella is an important pest cotton worldwide. There are multiple factors which determines the occurrence and distribution of P....
Pink bollworm (PBW) Pectinophora gossypiella is an important pest cotton worldwide. There are multiple factors which determines the occurrence and distribution of P. gossypiella across different cotton growing regions of the world, and one such key factor is 'temperature'. The aim was to analyze the life history traits of PBW across varying temperature conditions. We systematically explored the biological and demographic parameters of P. gossypiella at five distinct temperatures; 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 ± 1 °C maintaining a photoperiod of LD 16:8 h. The results revealed that the total developmental period of PBW shortens with rising temperatures, and the highest larval survival rates were observed between 30 °C and 35 °C, reaching 86.66% and 80.67%, respectively. Moreover, significant impacts were observed as the pupal weight, percent mating success, and fecundity exhibited higher values at 30 °C and 35 °C. Conversely, percent egg hatching, larval survival, and adult emergence were notably lower at 20 °C and 40 °C, respectively. Adult longevity decreased with rising temperatures, with females outliving males across all treatments. Notably, thermal stress had a persistent effect on the F1 generation, significantly affecting immature stages (egg and larvae), while its impact on reproductive potential was minimal. These findings offer valuable insights for predicting the population dynamics of P. gossypiella at the field level and developing climate-resilient management strategies in cotton.
Topics: Animals; Temperature; Larva; Female; Male; Gossypium; Lepidoptera; Fertility; Moths; Longevity; Pupa
PubMed: 38951576
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65241-8 -
Molecular Neurobiology Jun 2024Epilepsy is a complex disease in the brain. Complete control of seizure has always been a challenge in epilepsy treatment. Currently, clinical management primarily... (Review)
Review
Epilepsy is a complex disease in the brain. Complete control of seizure has always been a challenge in epilepsy treatment. Currently, clinical management primarily involves pharmacological and surgical interventions, with the former being the preferred approach. However, antiepileptic drugs often exhibit low bioavailability due to inherent limitations such as poor water solubility and difficulty penetrating the blood-brain barrier (BBB). These issues significantly reduce the drugs' effectiveness and limit their clinical application in epilepsy treatment. Additionally, the diagnostic accuracy of current imaging techniques and electroencephalography (EEG) for epilepsy is suboptimal, often failing to precisely localize epileptogenic tissues. Accurate diagnosis is critical for the surgical management of epilepsy. Thus, there is a pressing need to enhance both the therapeutic outcomes of epilepsy medications and the diagnostic precision of the condition. In recent years, the advancement of nanotechnology in the biomedical sector has led to the development of nanomaterials as drug carriers. These materials are designed to improve drug bioavailability and targeting by leveraging their large specific surface area, facile surface modification, ability to cross the BBB, and high biocompatibility. Furthermore, nanomaterials have been utilized as contrast agents in imaging and as materials for EEG electrodes, enhancing the accuracy of epilepsy diagnoses. This review provides a comprehensive examination of current research on nanomaterials in the treatment and diagnosis of epilepsy, offering new strategies and directions for future investigation.
PubMed: 38951470
DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04328-9 -
Acta Diabetologica Jul 2024The urban population increases by about 60 million people/year. Urbanization, unhealthy lifestyle and aging of the population are reflected in a constant growth in the...
AIM
The urban population increases by about 60 million people/year. Urbanization, unhealthy lifestyle and aging of the population are reflected in a constant growth in the prevalence of diabetes. In 2014, Steno Diabetes Centre in Copenhagen, University College London and Novo Nordisk, launched the Cities Changing Diabetes® program with the aim of creating a unified movement that would stimulate policy-makers to prioritize urban diabetes.
METHODS
The socio-demographic data derive from (1) ISTAT (National Institute of Statistics of Italy), (2) ATS Metropolitan City of Milan, (3) ATS Val Padana-Cremona, (4) ATS Insubria-Varese, (5) The unemployment rates of the various municipalities have been extrapolated from an ISTAT-MEF elaboration published by Sole 24 Ore journal.
RESULTS
In the different sanitary districts of the Metropolitan City of Milan, a strong linear correlation was found between the prevalence of diabetes and the prevalence of heart disease (R = 0.695, p < 0.001), as well as between the prevalence of diabetes and of nephropathies (R = 0.316, p < 0.001). The analysis concerning the province of Cremona showed a fair correlation between the prevalence of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (R = 0.658, p < 0.001). Even for the municipalities of Varese, the analysis documented a good correlation between the prevalence of diabetes and heart disease (R = 0.419, p < 0.001), but not between diabetes and nephropathies.
CONCLUSIONS
Interesting differences in the relationship of diabetes prevalence with several diseases and socio-demographic factors have been found when comparing the metropolitan City of Milan with two smaller size cities as Varese and Cremona. Our present data confirm the hypothesis that urban diabetes will be the challenge for our society during the next decades.
PubMed: 38951224
DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02324-y -
Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua... Apr 2024The general population in China is aging, and thus the number of older patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) will continue to increase. Individualized...
The general population in China is aging, and thus the number of older patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) will continue to increase. Individualized treatment is required to maximize therapeutic potential while minimizing the risk of toxicity. To improve the diagnosis and treatment of DLBCL in older people in China, the Lymphocyte Disease Group of the Hematology Division of the Chinese Medical Association and Lymphoma Expert Commitee of Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) have organized relevant experts to formulate this consensus.
Topics: Humans; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Aged; China; Consensus
PubMed: 38951058
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121090-20231228-00343 -
Journal of Tissue Viability Jun 2024It is well known that women have been plagued by various skin problems. However, research on the characteristics of women's skin at different ages is still inadequate....
BACKGROUND
It is well known that women have been plagued by various skin problems. However, research on the characteristics of women's skin at different ages is still inadequate. In addition, there is a lack of research on the extent of women's skincare habits and skin care awareness.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey on skin was carried out in Shanghai, China, which was conducted by means of a questionnaire. 3678 women, aged 18-59 years, participated in the study. The information collected focused on the importance they place on their skin, the skin problems they have, and their use and perception of skin care products.
RESULTS
Before the age of 25, the most common skin problems that women face are dryness and oiliness, while after the age of 30, skin-ageing issues begin to appear and worsen with age. In addition, the higher the level of education, the higher the frequency of and compliance with sunscreen use, and the economy also affects women's use of sunscreen. Importantly, the importance women place on their skin and the level of sunscreen awareness affects women's use of sunscreen.
CONCLUSIONS
This study was conducted to understand the skin characteristics of women of different age groups as well as to determine the factors that influence the use of sunscreens, which will not only promote women's skin care practices and product development, but also provide important clues for future activities on sunscreen use and health promotion.
PubMed: 38951048
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2024.06.015 -
BMJ Open Jul 2024The objective of this study was to investigate how kinesiophobia and self-efficacy explain the relationship between fatigue and physical activity (PA) in post-coronary...
Fatigue and physical activity in post-CABG patients: the parallel mediation model of kinesiophobia and self-efficacy : a prospective multicentre and cross-sectional study in China.
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this study was to investigate how kinesiophobia and self-efficacy explain the relationship between fatigue and physical activity (PA) in post-coronary artery bypass grafting (post-CABG) patients over the age of 45.
DESIGN
A prospective multicentre and cross-sectional study.
SETTING
The study was conducted in four public tertiary hospitals in China.
PARTICIPANTS
A total of 1278 patients who underwent CABG surgery were selected from the case pool, with their surgeries occurring between 3 and 19 months prior to selection. Out of 1038 patients who met the inclusion criteria and were invited to participate in the study, 759 patients agreed to participate and complete the questionnaire. Ultimately, 376 questionnaires were deemed eligible and included in the analysis.
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES
The questionnaire included the following scales: the Chinese version of the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20), the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia Heart (TSK-SV Heart), the Cardiac Exercise Self-Efficacy Instrument (CESEI) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long (IPAQ-L). A serial mediation model was used to test whether the association between fatigue and PA was mediated by kinesiophobia and self-efficacy, in the overall sample and subsamples defined by age.
RESULTS
The results confirmed that fatigue was directly (95% CI (-5.73 to -3.02)) associated with PA. Higher kinesiophobia (95% CI (-0.16 to -0.05)) or lower PA self-efficacy (95% CI (-0.11 to -0.02)) were parallel pathways through which higher fatigue impediment reduced PA levels. In both subgroups, the street pathways of kinesiophobia and self-efficacy were altered. In the age, 45-60 years group, kinesiophobia (Boot 95% CI (-0.19 to-0.05)) was a mediator of fatigue on PA levels, while in the 61-75 years age group, self-efficacy (Boot 95% CI (-0.17 to -0.04)) was a mediator of fatigue on PA levels.
CONCLUSIONS
A clear relationship between fatigue and PA was mediated by both kinesiophobia and self-efficacy. Furthermore, our findings highlight the importance of adapting the intervention according to the age of the patients, mainly by reducing patients' kinesiophobia in patients aged 45-60 years and increasing patients' self-efficacy in patients aged 61-75 years. It may be possible to improve PA levels in post-CABG patients over 45 years of age by eliminating kinesiophobia and increasing self-efficacy.
Topics: Humans; Self Efficacy; Cross-Sectional Studies; Male; Prospective Studies; Female; Middle Aged; China; Exercise; Fatigue; Aged; Coronary Artery Bypass; Phobic Disorders; Surveys and Questionnaires; Kinesiophobia
PubMed: 38951011
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082576