-
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial... 2023Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a rare, primary epithelial odontogenic malignant neoplasm. It is the malignant counterpart of ameloblastoma. It comprises 1% of all cysts...
Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a rare, primary epithelial odontogenic malignant neoplasm. It is the malignant counterpart of ameloblastoma. It comprises 1% of all cysts and tumours occurring in the jaws, arising from tissues associated with odontogenic epithelium. The objective of the present study was to describe a clinical case of a 63-year-old male with an enlargement in the mandible on the left side. Panoramic radiography revealed a radiolucent area with poorly defined borders, and an incisional biopsy was performed for the histopathological study using immunomarkers such as SOX2 and Ki-67. Ki-67 is considered a marker of cell proliferation, and SOX2 reportedly participates in the development of the ameloblastic epithelium lineage and is associated with a more aggressive clinical course. A final histopathological diagnosis of AC was given. Unfortunately, the patient died one week before surgical resection (the surgical treatment of choice for AC).
PubMed: 37234302
DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_339_22 -
Annali Italiani Di Chirurgia Apr 2023Ameloblastic carcinoma is a rare and aggressive malignant odontogenic tumour that can arise de novo or from a preexisting benign lesion. It most frequently involves the...
Ameloblastic carcinoma is a rare and aggressive malignant odontogenic tumour that can arise de novo or from a preexisting benign lesion. It most frequently involves the mandible, and its clinical course is aggressive with extensive local destruction. Although rare, these lesions have been known to metastasize, mostly to regional lymph nodes or lungs. Surgical therapy, eventually followed by radiotherapy, is the treatment modality most frequently used, while the role of chemotherapy remains unclear. Here we present a case of secondary ameloblastic carcinoma of the mandible in a 33-year-old male patient with typical aggressiveness and extensive local destruction and metastasis with a follow-up period of 93 months. KEY WORDS: Ameloblastic Carcinoma, Head and Neck Cancer, Maxillofacial Surgery, Oncological Surgery.
Topics: Male; Humans; Adult; Ameloblastoma; Odontogenic Tumors; Mouth Neoplasms; Lymph Nodes; Carcinoma; Mandibular Neoplasms
PubMed: 37199484
DOI: No ID Found -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal May 2023Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a rare and aggressive malignant epithelial odontogenic tumor making up less than 1% of malignant head and neck tumors. The majority of...
Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a rare and aggressive malignant epithelial odontogenic tumor making up less than 1% of malignant head and neck tumors. The majority of cases occur in the mandible with a minority occurring in the maxilla. Most occur de novo, while rare cases of AC have resulted from transformation from ameloblastoma. Here, we present a case in which a 30-year-old man presented with proptosis and a recurrent right temporal mass, which had been previously diagnosed as ameloblastoma on surgical pathology. CT findings demonstrated local invasion, and he was subsequently taken to the operating room for right craniotomy, infratemporal and middle cranial fossa tumor resection, and right modified radical neck dissection with reconstruction. Final pathology, which included areas of early focal necrosis, loss of peripheral palisading, and hyperchromatism, confirmed the diagnosis of ameloblastoma with transformation to AC. We further discuss radiologic and histopathological signs of this rare tumor, as well as recommended treatment modalities.
PubMed: 37158333
DOI: 10.1177/01455613231172857 -
Journal of Cancer Research and... Apr 2023Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a rare odontogenic malignant epithelial neoplasm of maxillofacial skeleton with a distinct predisposition of the mandible. It can occur in...
Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a rare odontogenic malignant epithelial neoplasm of maxillofacial skeleton with a distinct predisposition of the mandible. It can occur in a wide range of age groups, with a sex predilection in males. It can arise either as a de novo lesion or from preexisting ameloblastoma. AC has a high propensity for local recurrence as well as distant metastasis (chiefly lungs), thus requiring an aggressive surgical approach and a strict surveillance. Owing to the rarity of publications describing AC, little is known about this entity in pediatric patients. We report a case of transformation of ameloblastoma into AC in a 10-year-old child.
Topics: Male; Humans; Child; Ameloblastoma; Mandibular Neoplasms; Odontogenic Tumors; Mandible; Carcinoma
PubMed: 37147971
DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_282_22 -
Maxillofacial Plastic and... Apr 2023Ameloblastic carcinoma is a malignant form of ameloblastoma and a very rare odontogenic tumor. We report a case of ameloblastic carcinoma that occurred after removal of...
BACKGROUND
Ameloblastic carcinoma is a malignant form of ameloblastoma and a very rare odontogenic tumor. We report a case of ameloblastic carcinoma that occurred after removal of a right-sided mandibular dental implant.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 72-year-old female patient visited her family dentist with a complaint of pain around a lower right implant placed 37 years previously. Although the dental implant was removed with the diagnosis of peri-implantitis, the patient experienced dullness of sensation in the lower lip and was followed up by her dentist, but after no improvement. She was referred to a highly specialized institution where she was diagnosed with osteomyelitis and treated the patient with medication; however, there was no improvement. In addition, granulation was observed in the same area leading to a suspicion of malignancy, and the patient was referred to our oral cancer center. The diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma was made after a biopsy at our hospital. Under general anesthesia, the patient underwent mandibulectomy, right-sided neck dissection, free flap reconstruction with an anterolateral thigh flap, immediate reconstruction with a metal plate, and tracheostomy. Histological analysis of the resected specimen on hematoxylin and eosin staining showed structures reminiscent of enamel pulp and squamous epithelium in the center of the tumor. The tumor cells were highly atypical, with nuclear staining, hypertrophy, irregular nuclear size, and irregular nuclear shape, all of which were suggestive of cancer. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that Ki-67 was expressed in more than 80% of the targeted area, and the final diagnosis was primary ameloblastic carcinoma.
CONCLUSION
After reconstructive flap transplantation, occlusion was re-established using a maxillofacial prosthesis. The patient remained disease-free at the 1-year 3-month follow-up.
PubMed: 37101080
DOI: 10.1186/s40902-023-00380-y -
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial... 2022Jaw bones can be afflicted by to a diverse group of lesions ranging from developmental, reactive/inflammatory, cystic lesions to tumors and tumor-like lesions.
CONTEXT
Jaw bones can be afflicted by to a diverse group of lesions ranging from developmental, reactive/inflammatory, cystic lesions to tumors and tumor-like lesions.
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this study is to determine the relative frequency, demographic and pathologic profiles of patients with intraosseous jaw lesions from Thailand.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
Biopsy records from 1995 to 2019 were reviewed. Age, gender and location of the lesions were collected from the biopsy records. Data were analyzed by appropriate statistics using the IBM SPSS software version 22.0.
RESULTS
From 23,344 accessioned cases, 7382 cases (31.62%) were encountered within the jaw bones. Age of the participants ranged from 1 to 96 years with the mean ± standard deviation = 36.05 ± 17.80 years. Pediatric participants (aged ≤16 years) comprised 13.80% of all the participants, whereas the geriatric ones (aged ≥65 years) accounted for 7.55%. The male-to-female ratio was 0.89:1. The majority of lesions were observed in the mandible. The most prevalent intra-osseous jaw lesion was radicular cyst followed by dentigerous cyst and ameloblastoma. The most common malignant tumor was osteosarcoma followed by ameloblastic carcinoma and lymphoma. Among the pediatric participants, dentigerous cyst was the most prevalent jaw lesion, while that in the geriatric participants was radicular cyst.
CONCLUSIONS
This is the largest study on intra-osseous jaw lesions encompassing several pathological entities ever conducted from Thailand. It thus provides an invaluable database for clinicians to formulate a differential diagnosis as well as for the pathologists to render the final diagnosis. The results of this study are in accordance with previous studies in general.
PubMed: 37082059
DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_284_21 -
Case Reports in Dentistry 2023Spindle cell variant of ameloblastic carcinoma (SpCAC) is a rare subtype of ameloblastic carcinoma. Herein, we describe an additional case of SpCAC of the mandible of a...
Spindle cell variant of ameloblastic carcinoma (SpCAC) is a rare subtype of ameloblastic carcinoma. Herein, we describe an additional case of SpCAC of the mandible of a 76-year-old Japanese male. We discuss diagnostic problems we encountered in this case, focusing on unusual expression of myogenic/myoepithelial markers, such as smooth muscle actin and calponin.
PubMed: 36970563
DOI: 10.1155/2023/8755637 -
Veterinary Pathology Mar 2023Odontogenic neoplasms demonstrate unique histopathological features and are thought to arise from the germinal tissues of the developing tooth germ, effectively...
Odontogenic neoplasms demonstrate unique histopathological features and are thought to arise from the germinal tissues of the developing tooth germ, effectively restricting their anatomic origin to the tooth-bearing regions of the jaw and directly associated soft tissues of the oral cavity. Ectopic odontogenic-like neoplasms located in the skin of cats, rabbits, and human beings challenge these assumptions. Here we describe the clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical features of 6 spontaneously occurring odontogenic-like neoplasms arising in the cutaneous tissue of the cheek in client-owned pet rabbits, including ameloblastoma-like (n = 3), ameloblastic fibroma-like (n = 2), and ameloblastic carcinoma-like neoplasms (n = 1). Microscopically, all the cheek tumors featured neoplastic epithelium exhibiting odontogenic architectural structures (plexiform ribbons, anastomosing trabeculae, follicles, cysts, and irregular structures with rounded botryoid protuberances) and 1 or more cardinal odontogenic epithelial features (basal palisading, antibasilar nuclei, and central stellate reticulum-like cells). The pancytokeratin, cytokeratin 5/6, cytokeratin 14, and vimentin immunohistochemical patterns of these odontogenic-like lesions were most similar to those of jaw-associated ameloblastoma and differed from those of cutaneous trichoblastoma. All neoplasms were narrowly excised, and for lesions with clinical follow-up information, none had evidence of recurrence 1-7 months after surgical removal. Although evidence suggests that these odontogenic-like tumors of the rabbit cheek may be derived from ectopic rests of transformed tooth germ, the histogenesis of these lesions remains unresolved.
Topics: Rabbits; Humans; Animals; Ameloblastoma; Cheek; Odontogenic Tumors; Epithelium; Skin; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 36683413
DOI: 10.1177/03009858221148512 -
Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine :... Apr 2023The advances in molecular technologies have allowed a better understanding of the molecular basis of odontogenic cysts and tumours. PTCH1 mutations have been reported in... (Review)
Review
The advances in molecular technologies have allowed a better understanding of the molecular basis of odontogenic cysts and tumours. PTCH1 mutations have been reported in a high proportion of odontogenic keratocyst. BRAF p.V600E are recurrent in ameloblastoma and KRAS p.G12V/R in adenomatoid odontogenic tumour, dysregulating the MAPK/ERK pathway. Notably, BRAF p.V600E is also detected in ameloblastic carcinoma, but at a lower frequency than in its benign counterpart ameloblastoma. Recently, adenoid ameloblastoma has been shown to be BRAF wild-type and to harbour CTNNB1 (β-catenin gene) mutations, further suggesting that it is not an ameloblastoma subtype. CTNNB1 mutations also occur in other ghost-cell-containing tumours, including calcifying odontogenic cysts, dentinogenic ghost cell tumours and odontogenic carcinoma with dentinoid, but the link between CTNNB1 mutations and ghost cell formation in these lesions remains unclear. Regarding mixed tumours, BRAF p.V600E has been reported in a subset of ameloblastic fibromas, ameloblastic-fibrodentinomas and fibro-odontomas, in addition to ameloblastic fibrosarcoma. Such mutation-positivity in a subset of samples can be helpful in differentiating some of these lesions from odontoma, which is BRAF-wild-type. Recently, FOS rearrangements have been reported in cementoblastoma, supporting its relationship with osteoblastoma. Collectively, the identification of recurrent mutations in these aforementioned lesions has helped to clarify their molecular basis and to better understand the interrelationships between some tumours, but none of these genetic abnormalities is diagnostic. Since the functional effect of pathogenic mutations is context and tissue-dependent, a clear role for the reported mutations in odontogenic cysts and tumours in their pathogenesis remains to be elucidated.
Topics: Humans; Ameloblastoma; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; Odontogenic Tumors; Odontogenic Cysts; Odontoma; Mouth Neoplasms; Carcinoma
PubMed: 36629457
DOI: 10.1111/jop.13401 -
Journal of Clinical Imaging Science 2022Ameloblastic carcinoma is a locally aggressive odontogenic tumor that most commonly affects young and middle-aged adults. Metastatic disease may develop insidiously and...
Ameloblastic carcinoma is a locally aggressive odontogenic tumor that most commonly affects young and middle-aged adults. Metastatic disease may develop insidiously and manifest months or years after the initial diagnosis. Herein, we describe the clinical, imaging, and pathologic findings of a 31-year-old male who presented to the emergency department with headache and vision loss of 3 months duration and was subsequently found to have ameloblastic carcinoma with hepatic metastases. Initial computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a multilocular cystic mass with avidly-enhancing nodular soft-tissue components associated with the right temporal fossa. Histologic examination of a tissue sample showed findings consistent with ameloblastic carcinoma. An initial staging CT scan showed several small hepatic cystic lesions. Follow-up surveillance imaging showed interval growth. A subsequent biopsy of a hepatic lesion showed findings compatible with metastatic ameloblastic carcinoma. The patient was started on systemic chemotherapy with evidence of disease progression at 1-year follow-up.
PubMed: 36601607
DOI: 10.25259/JCIS_115_2022