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Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2024Ameloblastoma in dogs most often has a highly conserved acanthomatous cell morphology and is recognized as canine acanthomatous ameloblastoma (CAA) while conventional...
Ameloblastoma in dogs most often has a highly conserved acanthomatous cell morphology and is recognized as canine acanthomatous ameloblastoma (CAA) while conventional ameloblastoma (CA) makes up a smaller yet morphologically diverse group of epithelial odontogenic tumors. In humans, a rare desmoplastic histological subtype has distinctive clinical, radiological, and microscopic features. Desmoplastic ameloblastoma (DA) has not previously been described in dogs, although it has been rarely referenced in the veterinary literature. This is the first thorough description of a case series of DA in dogs and describes clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging findings, histopathological features for diagnosis, and treatment outcome. Clinically, DA most often presents as a mass or swelling in the rostral mandible or maxilla of middle age to older dogs. On diagnostic imaging, the lesion has a radiolucent or mixed pattern with well-defined borders and variable loculation. As a solid, fibrous tumor with obscured odontogenic epithelium, DA is challenging to diagnose histologically and can mimic several other oral tumors, both benign and malignant. As an ameloblastoma, the biological behavior of DA is locally destructive yet benign and prognosis is favorable following surgical excision.
PubMed: 38638641
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1362237 -
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial... Apr 2024Ameloblastoma is a locally aggressive, benign tumor presenting in the maxilla and mandible prone to recurrence. Resection greatly limits recurrence; however,...
BACKGROUND
Ameloblastoma is a locally aggressive, benign tumor presenting in the maxilla and mandible prone to recurrence. Resection greatly limits recurrence; however, reconstruction becomes critical to preserve patients' functionality and esthetics.
PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to describe surgical resection and reconstructive approaches in the treatment of ameloblastoma and compare clinical outcomes to conservative methods of treatment.
STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, SAMPLE
A retrospective case series was completed through analysis of patient records. The study population was composed of patients treated for ameloblastoma at the Royal Brisbane Hospital (Queensland, Australia) in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2020. Patients without histological confirmation of intraosseous ameloblastoma were excluded from the study sample.
PREDICTOR VARIABLE
Not applicable.
MAIN OUTCOME VARIABLE(S)
The primary outcome variable was time to recurrence. Secondary outcome variables included any surgical complications incurred.
COVARIATES
The covariate variables collected included age at diagnosis/treatment, gender, ethnicity, location of lesion and site(s) of involvement, tumor extent, alveolar expansion, histopathological growth pattern, and soft tissue involvement.
ANALYSES
Descriptive statistics were computed for each study variable.
RESULTS
A total of 48 cases of histologically confirmed ameloblastoma were identified (41 mandibular, 7 maxillary) involving 50 excisional operations (44 resections, 6 enucleations). Of these cases, 44 were followed up > 12 months, with a mean length of follow-up time of 65.6 months. No recurrence was detected for resected lesions. One enucleated lesion recurred at 25 months. Thirty-seven reconstructive procedures were undertaken, including 32 immediate free flaps. All reconstructive flaps and grafts survived, and no major complications were recorded.
CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE
Resection of ameloblastoma limits recurrence and should be considered curative. Immediate microvascular free flap reconstruction of maxillary and mandibular defects from resection of ameloblastoma is safe and predictable.
PubMed: 38636548
DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2024.03.030 -
Dento Maxillo Facial Radiology Jun 2024Preoperative diagnosis of oral ameloblastoma (AME) and odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) has been a challenge in dentistry. This study uses radiomics approaches and machine...
OBJECTIVES
Preoperative diagnosis of oral ameloblastoma (AME) and odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) has been a challenge in dentistry. This study uses radiomics approaches and machine learning (ML) algorithms to characterize cone-beam CT (CBCT) image features for the preoperative differential diagnosis of AME and OKC and compares ML algorithms to expert radiologists to validate performance.
METHODS
We retrospectively collected the data of 326 patients with AME and OKC, where all diagnoses were confirmed by histopathologic tests. A total of 348 features were selected to train six ML models for differential diagnosis by a 5-fold cross-validation. We then compared the performance of ML-based diagnoses to those of radiologists.
RESULTS
Among the six ML models, XGBoost was effective in distinguishing AME and OKC in CBCT images, with its classification performance outperforming the other models. The mean precision, recall, accuracy, F1-score, and area under the curve (AUC) were 0.900, 0.807, 0.843, 0.841, and 0.872, respectively. Compared to the diagnostics by radiologists, ML-based radiomic diagnostics performed better.
CONCLUSIONS
Radiomic-based ML algorithms allow CBCT images of AME and OKC to be distinguished accurately, facilitating the preoperative differential diagnosis of AME and OKC.
ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE
ML and radiomic approaches with high-resolution CBCT images provide new insights into the differential diagnosis of AME and OKC.
Topics: Humans; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Machine Learning; Ameloblastoma; Odontogenic Cysts; Retrospective Studies; Female; Male; Diagnosis, Differential; Adult; Middle Aged; Algorithms; Adolescent; Aged; Jaw Neoplasms; Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Radiomics
PubMed: 38627247
DOI: 10.1093/dmfr/twae016 -
Journal of Stomatology, Oral and... Apr 2024
PubMed: 38621581
DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2024.101873 -
Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y Cirugia... Jul 2024Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is the leading cause of death among systemic mycoses in Brazil. On the other hand, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is the leading cause of death among systemic mycoses in Brazil. On the other hand, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent malignant neoplasm of the mouth. Both lesions rarely affect the tongue dorsum and may share similar clinical characteristics. This study aimed to retrieve cases of single oral ulcers diagnosed as PCM or OSCC.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted. All patients who had a single ulcer on dorsum of the tongue and confirmed diagnosis of PCM or OSCC were evaluated.
RESULTS
A total of 9 patients (5 women and 4 men) were evaluated, 5 patients had OSCCs (mean age = 69,8 years old), and 4 patients PCM (mean age = 51 years old). Most of the lesions were infiltrated and indurated in the palpation exam. Duration ranged from 1 to 12 months (mean time of 5.2 months and 4.7 months for OSCC and PCM, respectively). OSCC was the main clinical diagnosis hypothesis.
CONCLUSIONS
Although uncommon, PCM and OSCC should be considered as a differential diagnosis hypothesis in infiltrated ulcers on the tongue dorsum. Incisional biopsy is mandatory to confirm the diagnosis and indicate the appropriate treatment.
Topics: Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Retrospective Studies; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Aged; Ameloblastoma; Adult; Latin America; Aged, 80 and over; Paracoccidioidomycosis; Tongue Neoplasms
PubMed: 38615253
DOI: 10.4317/medoral.26493 -
Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health... Apr 2024Ameloblastomas are benign neoplasms of the jaw, but frequently require extensive surgery. The aim of the study was to analyze the demographic and clinicopathological...
UNLABELLED
Ameloblastomas are benign neoplasms of the jaw, but frequently require extensive surgery. The aim of the study was to analyze the demographic and clinicopathological features of ameloblastoma cases at a single Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery group in the United States.
STUDY DESIGN
A retrospective chart review of patients evaluated for ameloblastoma between 2010 and 2020 at a single tertiary care center. Age, race, sex, tumor size, tumor location, and histological subtypes were recorded.
RESULTS
A total of 129 cases of ameloblastoma were recorded with a mean patient age of 42 ± 18.6 years (range 9-91 years old), male to female ratio 1.08:1. Ameloblastoma presenting in the mandible outnumbered maxilla in primary (118 to 8, respectively) and recurrent cases (8 to 1, respectively). There was a higher prevalence of ameloblastoma in Black patients (61.3%) with mean age of Black patients occurring at 40.5 years and the mean age of White patients occurring at 47.8 years and mean tumor size trended larger in the Black patients (15.7 cm) compared to White patients (11.8 cm).
CONCLUSION
Data suggests a strong influence of racial factors on the incidence of ameloblastoma, with regards to size, Black patients with ameloblastoma trended higher and more data is needed to clearly elucidate any relationship between the tumor size and race, as other factors may influence the size (such as time to discovery).
PubMed: 38607614
DOI: 10.1007/s40615-024-01993-3 -
Archives of Plastic Surgery Mar 2024Primary tuberculous osteomyelitis involving the mandible represents less than 2% of skeletal locations. In this paper, we report a case of mandibular tuberculosis (TB)...
Primary tuberculous osteomyelitis involving the mandible represents less than 2% of skeletal locations. In this paper, we report a case of mandibular tuberculosis (TB) detected after histopathological analysis of the surgically resected specimen during surgical management of a suspected case of ameloblastoma. A 14-year-old male patient presented to us with history of right-sided chin swelling. The clinical examination revealed a swelling, involving right body and parasymphysis of mandible, measuring approximately 6 cm in length and 2 cm in width, extending from right lateral incisor till the first molar. Radiological scans revealed a large multiloculated osteolytic expansive lesion measuring 52 × 20 × 18 mm. Excision of the lesion was performed and reconstruction was done with iliac bone grafting. The histopathological findings revealed a granulomatous lesion, suggestive of tuberculous osteomyelitis. The patient was successfully treated with standard multidrug therapy. One year after completion of therapy, there were no signs of recurrence. Primary mandibular TB is an extremely rare entity. Its clinical presentation is not specific. Radiologically, TB has no characteristic appearance. The positive diagnosis is based on histology. Primary mandibular TB is rare and should be kept among differential diagnoses in susceptible population and in endemic areas.
PubMed: 38596155
DOI: 10.1055/a-2217-8784 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Feb 2024There are plenty of benign lesions that can result in swelling of the mandible, and these can be classified as odontogenic and non-odontogenic lesions. Among the...
There are plenty of benign lesions that can result in swelling of the mandible, and these can be classified as odontogenic and non-odontogenic lesions. Among the categories of odontogenic lesion, ameloblastoma is the most occurring lesion that takes origin from the epithelial cellular elements and dental tissues in their different stages of development. Ameloblastoma is the most serious odontogenic neoplasm due to its prevalence and clinical characteristics. Ameloblastoma is a broad class which encompasses 80% of solid multicystic type of ameloblastoma with unicystic ameloblastoma (UA) variant included as vital clinicopathological form claiming the rest 20% along with peripheral ameloblastoma variant. UA refers to cystic lesions that seem like jaw cysts clinically, radiographically, or grossly but are lined by typical ameloblastomatous epithelium, with or without luminal and/or mural tumor development, on histologic investigation. Around 5-15% of all ameloblastic lesions do not have a propensity to metastasis, and this is UA. Unicystic mural form, although slow growing overall, is very invasive locally and has a high recurrence rate. As UA tumors show very close features with dentigerous cyst, a very sharp differential diagnosis protocol need to be executed to exclude the other unicystic odontogenic lesions considering the clinical, radiological, and biological characteristics along with proper follow-up and seeing any recurrence of the lesion taking place. Here, we report the case of a twenty-one year male patient with UA of the mandible and review of the literature.
PubMed: 38595394
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_568_23 -
Expression of Calretinin Expression in Odontogenic Cysts and Odontogenic Tumors - Original Research.Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Feb 2024The present study was conducted for assessing variability in calretinin expression among odontogenic cysts as well as tumor cases.
AIM
The present study was conducted for assessing variability in calretinin expression among odontogenic cysts as well as tumor cases.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Fifteen cases were included in the present research consisting of cases like - dentigerous cyst, odontogenic keratocyst, apical radicular cyst along with tumors like ameloblastoma, ameloblastic carcinoma, adenomatoid odontogenic tumor. Calretinin antibody was used for immunohistochemical staining. The amount of expression of this calretinin was statistically analyzed with the help of Chi-square test where < 0.05 was considered noteworthy statistically.
RESULTS
Most cases of ameloblastomas were highly positive for calretinin expression as compared to other cysts and tumors. Therefore, the correlation of this variation of expression of calretinin was statistically noteworthy ( = 0.00).
CONCLUSION
In this study, we concluded that for ameloblastomas, calretinin can be a specific marker immunohistochemically and can help in identifying the amount of aggressive spread of various odontogenic tumors.
PubMed: 38595345
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_469_23 -
Discover Oncology Apr 2024Odontogenic cysts/tumor can cause severe bone destruction, which affects maxillofacial function and aesthetics. Meanwhile, metabolic reprogramming is an important...
BACKGROUND
Odontogenic cysts/tumor can cause severe bone destruction, which affects maxillofacial function and aesthetics. Meanwhile, metabolic reprogramming is an important hallmark of diseases. Changes in metabolic flow affect all aspects of disease, especially bone-related diseases. At present, the researches on pathogenesis of odontogenic cysts/tumor are mainly focused on the level of gene regulation, but the effects of metabolic alterations on odontogenic cysts/tumor have still underexplored.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Imaging analysis was used to evaluate the lesion size of different odontogenic lesions. Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays were utilized to detect the differences in bone destruction activity in odontogenic cysts and tumors. Furthermore, metabolomics and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were conducted for the metabolomic features and key metabolite screening, respectively. The effect of ferroptosis inhibition on bone destruction was confirmed by IHC, immunofluorescence, and malondialdehyde colorimetric assay.
RESULTS
The bone destruction activity of ameloblastoma (AM) was the strongest and the weakest in odontogenic cysts (OC). High-throughput targeted metabolomics was used to map the metabolomic profiles of OC, odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) and AM. WGCNA and differential analysis identified L-cysteine in OKC and AM. Cystathionine γ-lyase (CTH) was further screened by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. The functions of L-cysteine were further validated. Finally, we confirmed that CTH affected destructive activities by regulating the sensitivity of epithelial cells to ferroptosis.
CONCLUSION
High-throughput targeted metabolomics performed on diseased tissue confirmed the unique alteration of metabolic profiles in OKC and AM. CTH and its metabolite L-cysteine are the key factors regulating destructive activities.
PubMed: 38589585
DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00959-5