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Nutrients Aug 2023, which encodes the monocarboxylate transporter 13 (MCT13), is a susceptibility gene for type 2 diabetes and is expressed in the liver and duodenum. Some...
, which encodes the monocarboxylate transporter 13 (MCT13), is a susceptibility gene for type 2 diabetes and is expressed in the liver and duodenum. Some peptidase-resistant oligopeptides are absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and affect glycemic control in the body. Their efficient absorption is mediated by oligopeptide transporter(s) at the apical and basolateral membranes of the intestinal epithelia; however, the molecules responsible for basolateral oligopeptide transport have not been identified. In this study, we examined whether MCT13 functions as a novel basolateral oligopeptide transporter. We evaluated the uptake of oligopeptides and peptidomimetics in MCT13-transfected cells. The uptake of cephradine, a probe for peptide transport system(s), significantly increased in MCT13-transfected cells, and this increase was sensitive to membrane potential. The cellular accumulation of bioactive peptides, such as anserine and carnosine, was decreased by MCT13, indicating MCT13-mediated efflux transport activity. In polarized Caco-2 cells, MCT13 was localized at the basolateral membrane. MCT13 induction enhanced cephradine transport in an apical-to-basal direction across Caco-2 cells. These results indicate that MCT13 functions as a novel efflux transporter of oligopeptides and peptidomimetics, driven by electrochemical gradients across the plasma membrane, and it may be involved in the transport of these compounds across the intestinal epithelia.
Topics: Humans; Caco-2 Cells; Cephradine; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Peptidomimetics; Cell Membrane; Oligopeptides
PubMed: 37630718
DOI: 10.3390/nu15163527 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Aug 2023The beef industry in Poland heavily relies on the Polish Holstein-Friesian (PHF) breed, known for its primary use in dairy production, but which also contributes...
The beef industry in Poland heavily relies on the Polish Holstein-Friesian (PHF) breed, known for its primary use in dairy production, but which also contributes significantly to the beef supply. In contrast, the Limousine (LM), Hereford (HH), and Charolaise (CH) breeds have gained popularity due to their ideal specialized characteristics for beef production. As PHF continues to dominate the beef market, a thorough comparison of its beef quality and nutritional attributes with the three most popular beef breeds in Poland is essential. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by conducting a rigorous comparison. The experiment was carried out on the beef from 67 bulls kept in a free-stall system with standardized feeding. The highest total antioxidant status (TAS) was found in CH and was 147.5% higher than that in PHF. Also, compared with PHF, a large difference of 70% was observed in LM, while in HH it was only 6.25%. For degree of antioxidant potential (DAP), the highest concentration was found in LM, while CH had a slightly lower score than LM. PHF had the lowest scores for each of the analyzed parameters of protein fraction. For anserine, taurine, creatinine, and creatine content, the highest results were found for LM. For carnosine and coenzyme Q10, the highest values were found for CH. Overall, these results highlight the impact of maturity and breed on carcass composition and quality. Late-maturing breeds, such as LM and CH, tend to exhibit leaner carcasses with superior fatty acid profiles and antioxidant properties. This knowledge is valuable for producers, enabling them to make informed decisions regarding breed selection and production strategies to meet specific market demands for beef with the desired composition and quality.
PubMed: 37627394
DOI: 10.3390/ani13162603 -
Physical Activity and Nutrition Jun 2023Exercise-induced hemolysis, which is caused by metabolic and/or mechanical stress during exercise, is considered a potential factor for upregulating hepcidin....
PURPOSE
Exercise-induced hemolysis, which is caused by metabolic and/or mechanical stress during exercise, is considered a potential factor for upregulating hepcidin. Intramuscular carnosine has multiple effects including antioxidant activity. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether long-term carnosine/anserine supplementation modulates exercise-induced hemolysis and subsequent hepcidin elevation.
METHODS
Seventeen healthy male participants were allocated to two different groups: participants consuming 1,500 mg/day of carnosine/anserine supplements (n = 9, C+A group) and participants consuming placebo powder supplements (n = 8, PLA group). The participants consumed carnosine/anserine or placebo supplements daily for 30.7 ± 0.4 days. They performed an 80-running session at 70% VO2peak pre-and post-supplementation. Iron regulation and inflammation in response to exercise were evaluated.
RESULTS
Serum iron concentrations significantly increased after exercise (p < 0.01) and serum haptoglobin concentrations decreased after exercise in both groups (p < 0.01). No significant differences in these variables were observed between pre-and post-supplementation. Serum hepcidin concentration significantly increased 180 min after exercise in both groups (p < 0.01). The integrated area under the curve of hepcidin significantly decreased after supplementation (p = 0.011) but did not vary between the C+A and PLA groups.
CONCLUSION
Long-term carnosine/anserine supplementation does not affect iron metabolism after a single endurance exercise session.
PubMed: 37583074
DOI: 10.20463/pan.2023.0020 -
Food Chemistry Jan 2024Red seabream (Pagrus major) is widely consumed in East Asia. As nuclear wastewater is discharged into Japanese waterbodies, the country of origin of marine products must...
Red seabream (Pagrus major) is widely consumed in East Asia. As nuclear wastewater is discharged into Japanese waterbodies, the country of origin of marine products must be accurately labeled. Here, we aimed to discover candidate metabolite biomarkers to discriminate between Korean and Japanese red seabream using LC-Orbitrap mass spectrometry. In total, 95 and 138 putative metabolites were detected via chromatographic separation of fish sampled in the warm and cold seasons, respectively. The spectrometric and chromatographic data were analyzed using principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. We identified 12 and 19 influential metabolites to discriminate between each origin fish in the warm and cold seasons, respectively, using variable importance in projection scores and p values. Anserine was further selected as a candidate biomarker based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. This study provides a basis for using anserine to determine the geographic origin of red seabream.
Topics: Animals; Anserine; Biomarkers; Metabolomics; Republic of Korea; Sea Bream
PubMed: 37579607
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137129 -
Nutrients Jul 2023Red meat and animal-sourced protein are often disparaged as risk factors for developing metabolic syndrome, while emerging research has shown the beneficial effects of... (Review)
Review
Red meat and animal-sourced protein are often disparaged as risk factors for developing metabolic syndrome, while emerging research has shown the beneficial effects of dietary taurine, creatine, carnosine, and anserine which are all exclusively abundant in red meat. Thus, it is imperative to highlight the available evidence to help promote red meat as part of a well-balanced diet to optimize human health. In this study, a bibliometric analysis was conducted to investigate the current research status of dietary taurine, creatine, carnosine, and anserine with metabolic syndrome, identify research hotspots, and delineate developmental trends by utilizing the visualization software CiteSpace. A total of 1094 publications were retrieved via the Web of Science Core Collection from 1992 to 2022. There exists a gradual increase in the number of publications on this topic, but there is still much room for research papers to rise. The United States has participated in the most studies, followed by China and Japan. The University of Sao Paulo was the research institute contributing the most; Kyung Ja Chang and Sanya Roysommuti have been identified as the most prolific authors. The analysis of keywords reveals that obesity, lipid profiles, blood pressure, and glucose metabolism, as well as ergogenic aid and growth promoter have been the research hotspots. Inflammation and diabetic nephropathy will likely be frontiers of future research related to dietary taurine, creatine, carnosine, and anserine. Overall, this paper may provide insights for researchers to further delve into this field and enlist the greater community to re-evaluate the health effects of red meat.
PubMed: 37571314
DOI: 10.3390/nu15153374 -
Drug and Chemical Toxicology Jan 2024Sodium taurocholate (NaT) is a hydrophobic bile salt that exhibits varying toxicity and antimicrobial activity. The accumulation of BSs during their entero-hepatic cycle...
Sodium taurocholate (NaT) is a hydrophobic bile salt that exhibits varying toxicity and antimicrobial activity. The accumulation of BSs during their entero-hepatic cycle causes cytotoxicity in the liver and intestine and could also alter the intestinal microbiome leading to various diseases. In this research, the acute toxicity of sodium taurocholate in different concentrations (3000 mg/L, 1500 mg/L, 750 mg/L, 375 mg/L, and 0 mg/L) was investigated on four months old zebrafish by immersion in water for 96 h. The results were determined based on the fish mortality, behavioral response, and NMR metabolomics analysis which revealed LC50 of 1760.32 mg/L and 1050.42 mg/L after 72 and 96 h treatment, respectively. However, the non-lethal NaT concentrations of 750 mg/L and 375 mg/L at 96 h exposure significantly ( ≤ 0.05) decreased the total distance traveled and the activity duration, also caused surface respiration on the zebrafish. Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) revealed that the metabolome of the fish treated with 750 mg/L was discriminated from that of the control by PC1. Major significantly downregulated metabolites by NaT-induction include valine, isoleucine, 2-hydroxyvalerate, glycine, glycerol, choline, glucose, pyruvate, anserine, threonine, carnitine and homoserine. On the contrary, taurine, creatine, lactate, acetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate were upregulated suggesting cellular consumption of lipids, glucose and amino acids for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation during immune and inflammatory response. whereby these metabolites were released in the process. In conclusion, the research revealed the toxic effect of NaT and its potential to trigger changes in zebrafish metabolism.
Topics: Animals; Zebrafish; Taurocholic Acid; Metabolomics; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Glucose
PubMed: 37548163
DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2023.2242005 -
Animal Science Journal = Nihon Chikusan... 2023Functional dipeptides carnosine and anserine are abundant in muscle. We determined the effect of short-term dietary histidine (His) content on muscle carnosine and...
Functional dipeptides carnosine and anserine are abundant in muscle. We determined the effect of short-term dietary histidine (His) content on muscle carnosine and anserine contents and meat quality of broilers. Three groups of 28-day-old female broilers were fed diets with His contents of 67%, 100%, or 150% of requirement for 10 days before market (His contents 0.21%, 0.32%, and 0.48%, respectively). The carnosine and anserine contents of 0-h aged muscle significantly increased with dietary His content; in particular, the carnosine content was 162% higher in the His 0.48% group than in the His 0.32% group. The contents of both peptides also increased with dietary His content in 48-h aged muscle, but carnosine was not detected in 0- and 48-h aged muscle of the His 0.21% group. The drip loss, cooking loss, shear force, and pH of meat were not affected by the dietary His content. The 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances contents of 24- and 48-h aged muscles were lower in the His 0.48% group than in the other groups, and the a* and b* values were lower in the His 0.21% group. These results suggest that short-term dietary His content affects imidazole dipeptide contents, antioxidative capacity, and color of broiler meat.
Topics: Animals; Female; Carnosine; Anserine; Histidine; Chickens; Muscles; Dipeptides; Diet; Meat
PubMed: 37528620
DOI: 10.1111/asj.13856 -
Zhen Ci Yan Jiu = Acupuncture Research Jul 2023To observe the effect of acupotomy on the expressions of p16 and p21 in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) rabbits,so as to analyze whether acupotomy can treat KOA by...
OBJECTIVE
To observe the effect of acupotomy on the expressions of p16 and p21 in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) rabbits,so as to analyze whether acupotomy can treat KOA by inhibiting the cellular senescence of chondrocytes.
METHODS
Twenty-four New Zealand male rabbits were randomly divided into normal, model, acupotomy and electroacupuncture (EA) groups, with 6 rabbits in each group. The KOA model was established by left hindlimb straightening fixation. After modeling, rabbits in the acupotomy group were treated with acupotomy loosening therapy on high stress points around the affected knee joints such as tendons attachment points of vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, biceps femoris and pes anserine bursa, once a week for 3 weeks. In the EA group, "Xuehai"(SP10), "Liangqiu" (ST34),"Neixiyan" (EX-LE4) and "Waixiyan" (ST35) on the affected hindlimb were selected for EA treatment (3 mA, 2 Hz/100 Hz), 20 min each time, once every other day for 3 weeks. Before and after treatments, the knee Lequesne MG score and passive range of motion (PROM) of the affected knee joint were evaluated. After the treatments, the expressions of p16 and p21 in the cartilage tissue of the affected knee joint were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot respectively.
RESULTS
Before and after treatment, compared with the normal group, the Lequesne MG score was significantly increased (<0.01), the PROM was significantly decreased (<0.01) in the model group. After treatment, compared with the normal group, the positive expression and protein expression levels of p16 and p21 were significantly increased (<0.01) in the model group; compared with the model group, the Lequesne MG score was significantly decreased (<0.01), the PROM was significantly increased (<0.01), the positive expression and protein expression levels of p16 and p21 were significantly decreased (<0.01,<0.05) in the acupo-tomy and EA groups; compared with the EA group, the Lequesne MG score was decreased (<0.05), the PROM was increased (<0.05), the positive expression and protein expression levels of p16 and p21 were decreased (<0.05,<0.01) in the acupotomy group.
CONCLUSION
Acupotomy intervention can down-regulate the expressions of cellular senescence markers p16 and p21 in chondrocytes, indicating that acupotomy therapy may alleviate cartilage degeneration by inhibiting chondrocyte premature cellular senescence to treat KOA.
Topics: Rabbits; Male; Animals; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; Acupuncture Therapy; Cartilage; Electroacupuncture
PubMed: 37518959
DOI: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.20221091