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Journal of Oleo Science 2024In this study, we evaluated the cancer cell killing activity of koji mold-derived extracts using several solvents. The koji mold lipid extract (KML) exhibited potent...
Koji Mold-derived Lipids Disrupt the Intracellular Redox State by Decreasing the GPx4 and Intracellular Glutathione Levels, Promoting Membrane Lipid Peroxidation, and Inducing Ferroptosis in HL-60 Cells.
In this study, we evaluated the cancer cell killing activity of koji mold-derived extracts using several solvents. The koji mold lipid extract (KML) exhibited potent cytotoxicity against a human leukemia cell line. Fractionation of the KML via silica gel chromatography revealed the presence of active components in fraction (Fr.) 6. Cytotoxic effects of Fr. 6 were inhibited by the ferroptosis inhibitors, ferrostatin-1 and SRS11-92, and the iron chelator, deferoxamine. Interestingly, ferroptosis inhibitors failed to prevent the KML-induced cell death. Fr. 6 decreased the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) and increased the level of peroxidized plasma membrane lipids. Furthermore, Fr. 6 decreased the intracellular glutathione levels. Overall, our results suggest that Fr. 6 included in KML induces ferroptosis in HL-60 cells.
Topics: Humans; HL-60 Cells; Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase; Ferroptosis; Lipid Peroxidation; Glutathione; Oxidation-Reduction; Deferoxamine; Cyclohexylamines; Lipids; Phenylenediamines; Membrane Lipids; Iron Chelating Agents
PubMed: 38945927
DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess24043 -
Neuropeptides Jun 2024Inflammatory reactions after acute intracerebral hemorrhage (AICH) contribute significantly to a poor prognosis. Liangxue Tongyu Prescription (LTP) has been proven to be...
Inflammatory reactions after acute intracerebral hemorrhage (AICH) contribute significantly to a poor prognosis. Liangxue Tongyu Prescription (LTP) has been proven to be clinically effective in treating AICH. Numerous studies have shown that LTP suppresses brain inflammatory damage in AICH, while the internal mechanisms underlying its action remain unclear. The aim of this study was to verify the anti-inflammatory effects of LTP on an AICH rat model and investigate the potential mechanisms. The AICH rat models were created by injecting autologous blood into the right caudate nucleus. LTP markedly decreased cerebral hematoma and brain water content and recovered from neurological deficits. Meanwhile, LTP prevented microglial activation and reduced the inflammatory reaction caused by pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Notably, the expression of cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) in the brain and intestine was increased by LTP or CCK-8 treatment. LTP further suppressed nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in the brains of rats with AICH. Moreover, LTP increased the protein and mRNA expression of Occludin and Claudin-1 in the intestine and decreased the levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and diamine oxidase (DAO) in serum. Furthermore, the results showed that LTP increased the protein and mRNA expression of Claudin-5 and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in the brain. CCK-8 receptor antagonists increased the expression of NF-κB and the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These findings suggested that LTP attenuated neuroinflammation by increasing CCK-8 in the brain and intestine, and its mechanism might be related to alterations in the gut-brain axis (GBA).
PubMed: 38941823
DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2024.102452 -
Chemistry, An Asian Journal Jun 2024The incorporation of heteroatoms in the chemical structure of organic molecules has been identified as analogous to the doping process adopted in silicon semiconductors...
The incorporation of heteroatoms in the chemical structure of organic molecules has been identified as analogous to the doping process adopted in silicon semiconductors to influence the nature of charge carriers. This strategy has been an eye-opener for material chemists in synthesizing new materials for optoelectronic applications. Phenanthro[9,10-a]phenazine-based mesogens have been synthesized via a cyclo-condensation pathway involving triphenylene-based diketones and o-phenyl diamines. The incorporation of phenazine moiety as discussed in this paper, alters the symmetric nature of the triphenylene. The phenanthro[9,10-a]phenazine-based mesogens exhibited hole mobility in the order of 10-4 cm2/Vs as measured by the space-charge limited current (SCLC) technique. The current density in SCLC device increases with increasing temperature which indicates that the charge transport is associated with the thermally activated hopping process. This report attempts to elucidate the self-organization of asymmetric phenanthro[9,10-a] phenazine in the supramolecular liquid crystalline state and their potential for the fabrication of high-temperature optoelectronic devices. However, the low charge carrier mobility can be one of the challenges for device performance.
PubMed: 38940412
DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400542 -
Open Veterinary Journal May 2024Pseudothrombocytopenia is a commonly obtained false negative result when analyzing feline platelet (PLT) count by an automated machine. It is related to ethylenediamine...
BACKGROUND
Pseudothrombocytopenia is a commonly obtained false negative result when analyzing feline platelet (PLT) count by an automated machine. It is related to ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA), a widely utilized anticoagulant in blood collection tubes, resulting in EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia (EDTA-PTCP).
AIM
To investigate whether treated with kanamycin enhanced the quantity of PLT aggregations in feline blood specimens collected using EDTA-PTCP.
METHODS
Thirty-one blood samples were obtained using EDTA tubes. The complete blood count was analyzed using an automated Mindray BC-5000Vet. Both Manual cell counts and thin blood smears were performed to estimate the amount of red blood cell, white blood cell, and PLTs as well as to evaluate the severity scores of PLT clumping, respectively. Comparisons were made between those pre-treated and those treated with kanamycin in the EDTA tube.
RESULTS
There were significantly different mean PLT counts in the samples before and after they were treated with kanamycin, both on automated (156.6 ± 76.4 . 260.3 ± 115.5; < 0.001) and manual (168.5 ± 92.1 . 262.8 ± 119.6; < 0.001) readings, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.19 (0.022-0.365).
CONCLUSION
This study suggests that in clinical laboratory practice, kanamycin should be added to feline blood specimens with EDTA-PTCP.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Edetic Acid; Kanamycin; Thrombocytopenia; Cat Diseases; Anticoagulants; Platelet Count; Blood Specimen Collection; Female; Male; Platelet Aggregation
PubMed: 38938430
DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i5.15 -
BMC Oral Health Jun 2024The desirable properties of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) make it an effective agent for managing dental caries and tooth hypersensitivity. There are several clinical...
BACKGROUND
The desirable properties of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) make it an effective agent for managing dental caries and tooth hypersensitivity. There are several clinical instances that SDF application might precede the placement of direct tooth-colored restorations. On the other hand, SDF stains demineralized/carious dental tissues black, which might affect the esthetic outcomes of such restorations. Color is a key parameter of esthetics in dentistry. Therefore, this study aims to systematically review dental literature on color/color change of tooth-colored restorations placed following the application of SDF on dentine.
METHODS
Comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus and ISI Web of Science databases (until August 2023) as well as reference lists of retrieved studies was performed. In vitro studies reported color or color change of tooth-colored restorative materials applied on SDF-treated dentine were included. Methodological quality assessment was performed using RoBDEMAT tool. Pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was calculated.
RESULTS
Eleven studies/reports with a total of 394 tooth-colored restorations placed following a) no SDF (control) or b) SDF with/without potassium iodide (KI)/glutathione dentine pre-treatments were included. Color change was quantified using ∆E formulas in most reports. The pooled findings for the comparison of resin-based composite (RBC) restorations with and without prior 38% SDF + KI application revealed no statistically significant differences in ∆E values at short- and long-term evaluations (~ 14 days: WMD: -0.56, 95% CI: -2.09 to 0.96; I: 89.6%, and ~ 60 days: WMD: 0.11; 95% CI: -1.51 to 1.72; I: 76.9%). No studies provided sufficient information for all the items in the risk of bias tool (moderate to low quality).
CONCLUSIONS
The limited evidence suggested comparable color changes of RBC restorations with and without 38% SDF + KI pre-treatment up to 60 days. The included studies lacked uniformity in methodology and reported outcomes. Further studies are imperative to draw more definite conclusions.
PROTOCOL REGISTRATION
The protocol of this systematic review was registered in PROSPERO database under number CRD42023485083.
Topics: Silver Compounds; Humans; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Fluorides, Topical; Dentin; Color; Dental Restoration, Permanent
PubMed: 38937760
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04487-0 -
Inorganic Chemistry Jun 2024Alkane elimination reactions between the diamino- and dianilino-bridged tetrakis(phenolate) proligands and precursors M(CHSiMe)(THF), M(CHCH--NMe) (M = Sc and Y), and...
Alkane elimination reactions between the diamino- and dianilino-bridged tetrakis(phenolate) proligands and precursors M(CHSiMe)(THF), M(CHCH--NMe) (M = Sc and Y), and Hf(CHPh) were investigated. The diamino-bridged afforded nonsymmetric complex incorporating two metal centers in different coordination environments. This one and other dinuclear compounds , , and were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and X-ray diffraction study (for and ) and turned out to be symmetric in solution. Compound , upon treatment with 2 equiv of 2-phenylpyridine, afforded symmetric bis(aryl) product , which was authenticated by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. The mechanism of its formation was studied by DFT computations and presumably involves a cooperative reorganization process within the nonsymmetric parent to afford a symmetric isomer prior to its reaction with 2-phenylpyridine.
PubMed: 38935765
DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01111 -
Small (Weinheim An Der Bergstrasse,... Jun 2024Conjugated polymer sorting is recognized as an efficient and scalable method for the selective extraction of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (s-SWCNTs)....
Conjugated polymer sorting is recognized as an efficient and scalable method for the selective extraction of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (s-SWCNTs). However, this process typically requires the use of nonpolar and aromatic solvents as the dispersion medium, which are petroleum-based and carry significant production hazards. Moreover, there is still potential for improving the efficiency of batch purification. Here, this study presents fluorene-based conjugated polymer that integrates diamines containing ethylene glycol chains (ODA) as linkers within the main chain, to effectively extract s-SWCNTs in bio-renewable solvents. The introduction of ODA segments enhances the solubility in bio-renewable solvents, facilitating effective wrapping of s-SWCNTs in polar environments. Additionally, the ODA within the main chain enhances affinity to s-SWCNTs, thereby contributing to increased yields and purity. The polymer achieves a high sorting yield of 55% and a purity of 99.6% in dispersion of s-SWCNTs in 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran. Thin-film transistor arrays fabricated with sorted s-SWCNTs solution through slot-die coating exhibit average charge carrier mobilities of 20-23 cm V⁻¹ s⁻¹ and high on/off current ratios exceeding 10 together with high spatial uniformity. This study highlights the viability of bio-renewable solvents in the sorting process, paving the way for the eco-friendly approach to the purification of SWCNTs.
PubMed: 38934537
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403651 -
Polymers Jun 2024Two new triarylamine-based diamine monomers, namely, ,'-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-,'-bis(4-(4-aminophenyl-4'-methoxyphenylamino)phenyl)--phenylenediamine () and...
Two new triarylamine-based diamine monomers, namely, ,'-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-,'-bis(4-(4-aminophenyl-4'-methoxyphenylamino)phenyl)--phenylenediamine () and ,'-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-,'-bis(4-((4-aminophenyl-1-naphthyl)amino)phenyl)--phenylenediamine (), were successfully synthesized and led to two series of electroactive polyamides by polycondensation reactions with common aromatic dicarboxylic acids. The polymers demonstrated multicolored electrochromism, high optical contrast, and remarkable enhancements in redox and electrochromic stability. Compared to other triarylamine-based polymers, the studied polyamides exhibited enhanced electrochromic stability (only 3~6% decay of its coloration efficiency at 445 nm after 14,000 switching cycles) at the first oxidation stage. The polyamides also showed strong absorption in the near-infrared region upon oxidation. Polymers with multicolored electrochromism and high redox stability can be developed by incorporation of four triarylamine cores in each repeat unit and electron-donating methoxy groups on the active sites of the triphenylamine units.
PubMed: 38931994
DOI: 10.3390/polym16121644 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jun 2024Our study aimed to investigate the role of ferroptosis in sevoflurane-induced hearing impairment and explore the mechanism of the microRNA-182-5p...
Our study aimed to investigate the role of ferroptosis in sevoflurane-induced hearing impairment and explore the mechanism of the microRNA-182-5p (miR-182-5p)/Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4) pathway in sevoflurane-induced ototoxicity. Immunofluorescence staining was performed using myosin 7a and CtBP2. Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 kit. Fe concentration was measured using FerroOrange and Mi-to-FerroGreen fluorescent probes. The lipid peroxide level was assessed using BODIPY 581/591 C11 and MitoSOX fluorescent probes. The auditory brainstem response (ABR) test was conducted to evaluate the hearing status. Bioinformatics tools and dual luciferase gene reporter analysis were used to confirm the direct targeting of miR-182-5p on GPX4 mRNA. GPX4 and miR-182-5p expression in cells was assessed by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) pretreatment significantly improved hearing impairment and damage to ribbon synapses in mice caused by sevoflurane exposure. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that Fer-1 pretreatment reduced intracellular and mitochondrial iron overload, as well as lipid peroxide accumulation. Our findings indicated that miR-182-5p was upregulated in sevoflurane-exposed HEI-OC1 cells, and miR-182-5p regulated GPX4 expression by binding to the 3'UTR of GPX4 mRNA. The inhibition of miR-182-5p attenuated sevoflurane-induced iron overload and lipid peroxide accumulation. Our study elucidated that the miR-182-5p/GPX4 pathway was implicated in sevoflurane-induced ototoxicity by promoting ferroptosis.
Topics: Ferroptosis; MicroRNAs; Sevoflurane; Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase; Animals; Mice; Ototoxicity; Signal Transduction; Cell Line; Male; Hearing Loss; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Phenylenediamines; Cyclohexylamines
PubMed: 38928480
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126774 -
Dental Materials Journal Jun 2024This study aimed to compare the effect of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and fluoride varnish (NaF) on the Vickers microhardness (VHN) of enamel and dentin after...
This study aimed to compare the effect of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and fluoride varnish (NaF) on the Vickers microhardness (VHN) of enamel and dentin after radiotherapy and pH-cycling. Human premolars were cut longitudinally, embedded and serially polished. The VHN of enamel/dentin and irradiated enamel/dentin were evaluated. The irradiated specimens were treated with either NaF or SDF, subjected to pH-cycling then VHN test for 4 days. Consequently, they were subjected to energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. Radiation adversely affect enamel VHN (p<0.05), whereas dentin VHN was not affected (p>0.05). After pH-cycling, a significant decrease in dentin VHN was observed on day 2 for all groups, whereas enamel VHN was significantly decreased in the control group on day 4. SDF-treated enamel demonstrated higher VHN than that of NaF on day 3. Caries prevention effect of SDF and NaF were observed on enamel, where SDF was proved to be superior to NaF.
PubMed: 38925978
DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2024-032