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ACS Nano Jun 2024Solid-state nanochannels (SSNs) have emerged as promising platforms for controlling ionic transport at the nanoscale. SSNs are highly versatile, and this feature can be...
Solid-state nanochannels (SSNs) have emerged as promising platforms for controlling ionic transport at the nanoscale. SSNs are highly versatile, and this feature can be enhanced through their combination with porous materials such as Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOF). By selection of specific building blocks and experimental conditions, different MOF architectures can be obtained, and this can influence the ionic transport properties through the nanochannel. Herein, we study the effects of confined synthesis of Zr-based UiO-66 MOF on the ion transport properties of single bullet-shaped poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) nanochannels. We have found that emerging textural properties from the MOF phase play a determinant role in controlling ionic transport through the nanochannel. We demonstrate that a transition from ion current saturation regimes to diode-like regimes can be obtained by employing different synthetic approaches, namely, counterdiffusion synthesis, where MOF precursors are kept separate and forced to diffuse through the nanochannel, and one-pot synthesis, where both precursors are placed at both ends of the channel. Also, by considering the dependence of the charge state of the UiO-66 MOF on the protonation degree, pH changes offered a mechanism to tune the iontronic output (and selectivity) among different regimes, including anion-driven rectification, cation-driven rectification, ion current saturation, and ohmic behavior. Furthermore, Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) simulations were employed to rationalize the different iontronic outputs observed experimentally for membranes modified by different methods. Our results demonstrate a straightforward tool to synthesize MOF-based SSN membranes with tunable ion transport regimes.
PubMed: 38941562
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c04435 -
PloS One 2024Drawing on the diffusion of innovation theory, we argue that the development of digital economy has a positive effect on urban economic resilience. Using panel data from...
Drawing on the diffusion of innovation theory, we argue that the development of digital economy has a positive effect on urban economic resilience. Using panel data from 284 cities in China from 2011 to 2018, we empirically examine the relationship between digital economy and urban economic resilience. We find a positive and significant link between them, mediated by technological innovation and entrepreneurial vitality. Moreover, the heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of digital economy is most pronounced in smaller cities, with its effects diminishing in larger cities and megacities. Our results underscore the importance and the direction of fostering digital economy development.
Topics: Cities; Humans; Inventions; Entrepreneurship; China; Economic Development
PubMed: 38941292
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303782 -
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Jun 2024Radiosensitizers play a pivotal role in enhancing radiotherapy (RT). One of the challenges in RT is the limited accumulation of nanoradiosensitizers and the difficulty...
Radiosensitizers play a pivotal role in enhancing radiotherapy (RT). One of the challenges in RT is the limited accumulation of nanoradiosensitizers and the difficulty in activating antitumor immunity. Herein, a smart strategy was used to achieve aggregation of nanomanganese adjuvants (MnAuNP-C&B) to enhance RT-induced antitumor immunity. The aggregated MnAuNP-C&B system overcomes the shortcomings of small-sized nanoparticles that easily flow back into blood vessels and diffuse into surrounding tissues, and it also prolongs the retention time of nanomanganese within cancer cells and tumors. The MnAuNP-C&B system significantly enhances the radiosensitization effect in RT. Additionally, the pH-responsive disassembly of MnAuNP-C&B triggers the release of Mn, further promoting RT-induced activation of the STING pathway and eliciting robust antitumor immunity. Overall, our study presents a smart strategy wherein aggregation of nanomanganese effectively inhibits tumor growth through radiosensitization and the activation of antitumor immunity.
PubMed: 38941284
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03838 -
IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging Jun 2024Whole Slide Images (WSIs) are paramount in the medical field, with extensive applications in disease diagnosis and treatment. Recently, many deep-learning methods have...
Whole Slide Images (WSIs) are paramount in the medical field, with extensive applications in disease diagnosis and treatment. Recently, many deep-learning methods have been used to classify WSIs. However, these methods are inadequate for accurately analyzing WSIs as they treat regions in WSIs as isolated entities and ignore contextual information. To address this challenge, we propose a novel Dual-Granularity Cooperative Diffusion Model (DCDiff) for the precise classification of WSIs. Specifically, we first design a cooperative forward and reverse diffusion strategy, utilizing fine-granularity and coarse-granularity to regulate each diffusion step and gradually improve context awareness. To exchange information between granularities, we propose a coupled U-Net for dual-granularity denoising, which efficiently integrates dual-granularity consistency information using the designed Fine- and Coarse-granularity Cooperative Aware (FCCA) model. Ultimately, the cooperative diffusion features extracted by DCDiff can achieve cross-sample perception from the reconstructed distribution of training samples. Experiments on three public WSI datasets show that the proposed method can achieve superior performance over state-of-the-art methods. The code is available at https://github.com/hemo0826/DCDiff.
PubMed: 38941198
DOI: 10.1109/TMI.2024.3420804 -
IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging Jun 2024The multi-source stationary CT, where both the detector and X-ray source are fixed, represents a novel imaging system with high temporal resolution that has garnered...
The multi-source stationary CT, where both the detector and X-ray source are fixed, represents a novel imaging system with high temporal resolution that has garnered significant interest. Limited space within the system restricts the number of X-ray sources, leading to sparse-view CT imaging challenges. Recent diffusion models for reconstructing sparse-view CT have generally focused separately on sinogram or image domains. Sinogram-centric models effectively estimate missing projections but may introduce artifacts, lacking mechanisms to ensure image correctness. Conversely, image-domain models, while capturing detailed image features, often struggle with complex data distribution, leading to inaccuracies in projections. Addressing these issues, the Dual-domain Collaborative Diffusion Sampling (DCDS) model integrates sinogram and image domain diffusion processes for enhanced sparse-view reconstruction. This model combines the strengths of both domains in an optimized mathematical framework. A collaborative diffusion mechanism underpins this model, improving sinogram recovery and image generative capabilities. This mechanism facilitates feedback-driven image generation from the sinogram domain and uses image domain results to complete missing projections. Optimization of the DCDS model is further achieved through the alternative direction iteration method, focusing on data consistency updates. Extensive testing, including numerical simulations, real phantoms, and clinical cardiac datasets, demonstrates the DCDS model's effectiveness. It consistently outperforms various state-of-the-art benchmarks, delivering exceptional reconstruction quality and precise sinogram.
PubMed: 38941197
DOI: 10.1109/TMI.2024.3420411 -
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Jun 2024Sequential infiltration synthesis (SIS) is a scalable and valuable technique for the synthesis of organic-inorganic materials with several potential applications at the...
Sequential infiltration synthesis (SIS) is a scalable and valuable technique for the synthesis of organic-inorganic materials with several potential applications at the industrial level. Despite the increasing interest for this technique, a clear picture of the fundamental physicochemical phenomena governing the SIS process is still missing. In this work, infiltration of AlO into thin poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films using trimethyl aluminum (TMA) and HO as precursors is investigated by operando dynamic spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) analysis. The TMA diffusion coefficient values at temperatures ranging from 70 to 100 °C are determined, and the activation energy for the TMA diffusion process in PMMA is found to be = 2.51 ± 0.03 eV. Additionally, systematic data about reactivity of TMA molecules with the PMMA matrix as a function of temperature are obtained. These results provide important information, paving the way to the development of a comprehensive theory for the modeling of the SIS process.
PubMed: 38941159
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c06887 -
Head and Neck Pathology Jun 2024Previous studies have shown that at least a of intraoral eosinophilic ulcer is best classified as a CD30 + T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD), with... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Previous studies have shown that at least a of intraoral eosinophilic ulcer is best classified as a CD30 + T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD), with histopathology reminiscent of lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) of the skin. Microscopically, a mixed population of inflammatory cells, often including eosinophils and varying numbers of atypical lymphoid cells, frequently expressing CD30, is typical for LyP, whose clinicopathological spectrum includes type A, B, C, D, E, and LyP with DUSP22/IRF4 rearrangement. To date, about 27 intraoral LyP cases have been reported. Of them, 7 cases were diagnosed as LyP type C, which is frequently confused with anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) on histopathology.
METHODS
A 60-year-old male was referred for a one-month history of a tongue ulcer.
RESULTS
Microscopy showed numerous subepithelial atypical large lymphoid cells, which expressed CD4 (with partial loss of CD3, CD5, and CD7), CD8 (few cells), CD30 (about 50%, in non-diffuse pattern with size variability), TIA-1, and Ki-67 (85%), without staining for CD56, ALK, LMP1, and EBER1/2, concerning for a diagnosis of ALCL. However, after three weeks, the lesion completely healed.
CONCLUSION
We present here a rare case of intraoral CD30+ T-cell LPD that we believe is the oral counterpart of cutaneous LyP type C.
Topics: Humans; Male; Lymphomatoid Papulosis; Middle Aged; Ki-1 Antigen; Diagnosis, Differential; Immunohistochemistry; Lymphoproliferative Disorders; Biomarkers, Tumor; T-Lymphocytes
PubMed: 38941041
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-024-01664-z -
Insights Into Imaging Jun 2024We aimed to develop MRI-based radiomic models (RMs) to improve the diagnostic accuracy of radiologists in characterizing intestinal fibrosis in patients with Crohn's...
OBJECTIVES
We aimed to develop MRI-based radiomic models (RMs) to improve the diagnostic accuracy of radiologists in characterizing intestinal fibrosis in patients with Crohn's disease (CD).
METHODS
This retrospective study included patients with refractory CD who underwent MR before surgery from November 2013 to September 2021. Resected bowel segments were histologically classified as none-mild or moderate-severe fibrosis. RMs based on different MR sequence combinations (RM1: T2WI and enhanced-T1WI; RM2: T2WI, enhanced-T1WI, diffusion-weighted imaging [DWI], and apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC]); RM3: T2WI, enhanced-T1WI, DWI, ADC, and magnetization transfer MRI [MTI]), were developed and validated in an independent test cohort. The RMs' diagnostic performance was compared to that of visual interpretation using identical sequences and a clinical model.
RESULTS
The final population included 123 patients (81 men, 42 women; mean age: 30.26 ± 7.98 years; training cohort, n = 93; test cohort, n = 30). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of RM1, RM2, and RM3 was 0.86 (p = 0.001), 0.88 (p = 0.001), and 0.93 (p = 0.02), respectively. The decision curve analysis confirmed a progressive improvement in the diagnostic performance of three RMs with the addition of more specific sequences. All RMs performance surpassed the visual interpretation based on the same MR sequences (visual model 1, AUC = 0.65, p = 0.56; visual model 2, AUC = 0.63, p = 0.04; visual model 3, AUC = 0.77, p = 0.002), as well as the clinical model composed of C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (AUC = 0.60, p = 0.13).
CONCLUSIONS
The RMs, utilizing various combinations of conventional, DWI and MTI sequences, significantly enhance radiologists' ability to accurately characterize intestinal fibrosis in patients with CD.
CRITICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT
The utilization of MRI-based RMs significantly enhances the diagnostic accuracy of radiologists in characterizing intestinal fibrosis.
KEY POINTS
MRI-based RMs can characterize CD intestinal fibrosis using conventional, diffusion, and MTI sequences. The RMs achieved AUCs of 0.86-0.93 for assessing fibrosis grade. MRI-radiomics outperformed visual interpretation for grading CD intestinal fibrosis.
PubMed: 38940988
DOI: 10.1186/s13244-024-01740-6 -
Abdominal Radiology (New York) Jun 2024To assess the role of 3.0 T Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and Fiber Tractography (FT) of the testes in the work-up of nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA).
PURPOSE
To assess the role of 3.0 T Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and Fiber Tractography (FT) of the testes in the work-up of nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA).
METHODS
This prospective study included consecutive NOA men and controls. A 3.0 T scrotal MRI was performed, including DTI. The testicular apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) were calculated. FT reconstructions were created. The Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by pairwise comparisons, assessed differences in testicular ADC and FA between NOA histologic phenotypes (group 1: hypospermatogenesis; group 2: maturation arrest; and group 3: Sertoli cell-only syndrome) and normal testes. The Mann-Whitney-U test compared ADC and FA between NOA testes with positive and negative sperm retrieval. Visual assessment of the testicular fiber tracts was performed. Fiber tracts fewer in number, of reduced thickness, disrupted and/or disorganized were considered "abnormal". Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression analysis assessed variations in testicular fiber tracts morphology.
RESULTS
Twenty-nine NOA men (mean age: 39 ± 5.93 years) and 20 controls (mean age: 26 ± 5.83 years) were included for analysis. Higher ADC (p < 0.001) and FA (p < 0.001) was observed in NOA testes compared to controls. Differences in FA were found between groups 1 and 3 (0.07 vs 0.10, p = 0.26) and groups 2 and 3 (0.07 vs 0.10, p = 0.03), but not between groups 1 and 2 (p = 0.66). An increase in FA was observed in NOA testes with Sertoli cell-only syndrome compared to hypospermatogenesis and maturation arrest. FA was higher in NOA testes with negative results for the presence of sperm compared to those with positive results (0.09 vs 0.07, p = 0.006). FT showed "abnormal" fiber tracts in NOA testes (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
3.0 T DTI and FT provide an insight into deranged spermatogenesis in NOA testes.
PubMed: 38940912
DOI: 10.1007/s00261-024-04457-8 -
European Radiology Jul 2024
Topics: Humans; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Early Detection of Cancer; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Breast Density; Contrast Media; Mammography; Ultrasonography, Mammary; Precision Medicine; Breast
PubMed: 38940855
DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10323-w