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International Journal of Infectious... Mar 2023A 30-year-old male patient had a cyst on the left hip and progressive enlargement for more than 2 months. Combined blood tests, magnetic resonance imaging, and pathology...
A 30-year-old male patient had a cyst on the left hip and progressive enlargement for more than 2 months. Combined blood tests, magnetic resonance imaging, and pathology findings, cysticercosis infection was suspected. However, the treatment for cysticercosis was ineffective. We conducted a metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) analysis on the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimen of the patient's surgically excised tissue, and the results suggested Spirometra mansoni, mNGS was further confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and phylogenetic analysis of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene. Based on these results, we found that mNGS provided a better method of diagnosing parasitic infections.
Topics: Male; Animals; Humans; Adult; Spirometra; Sparganosis; Phylogeny; Cysticercosis; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Metagenomics
PubMed: 36592686
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.12.038 -
The Korean Journal of Parasitology Dec 2022To improve our understanding of the migration of sparganum in humans, we report a case of ocular sparganosis having the migratory episode from the muscle cone to the...
To improve our understanding of the migration of sparganum in humans, we report a case of ocular sparganosis having the migratory episode from the muscle cone to the subconjunctiva. A 34-year-old woman was admitted to the Hospital of Anhui Medical University (Hefei, China), in December 2019. She presented with conjunctival hemorrhage and recurrent pain in the left eye. A foreign body was found in the muscle cone of the eye. Two months later, a ribbon-like white material was found under the conjunctiva on slit-lamp examination. A long and slender, actively moving parasite was extracted by surgery. The extracted worm was approximately 8 cm long and 2 mm wide. The worm was whitish, wrinkled, ribbon shaped, and had a slightly enlarged scolex. The worm sample was morphologically identified as a plerocercoid larva (sparganum) of the Spirometra tapeworm. Her conjunctival blood suffusion and eye pain ceased within 1 week after operation. She has been in good health without any symptoms during the 2-year follow-up. A case of ocular sparganosis, in which larval worm migrated from the muscle cone to the subconjunctiva is reported from China.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Female; Adult; Sparganosis; Sparganum; Spirometra; Cestoda; Eye Diseases; Muscles; China; Larva
PubMed: 36588419
DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2022.60.6.419 -
Parasites & Vectors Dec 2022In China, the plerocercoid of the cestode Spirometra mansoni is the main causative agent of human and animal sparganosis. However, the population genetic structure of...
BACKGROUND
In China, the plerocercoid of the cestode Spirometra mansoni is the main causative agent of human and animal sparganosis. However, the population genetic structure of this parasite remains unclear. In this study, we genotyped S. mansoni isolates with the aim to improve current knowledge on the evolution and population diversity of this cestode.
METHODS
We first screened 34 perfect simple sequence repeats (SSRs) using all available omic data and then constructed target sequencing technology (Target SSR-seq) based on the Illumina NovaSeq platform. Next, a series of STRUCTURE. clustering, principal component, analysis of molecular variance and TreeMix analyses were performed on 362 worm samples isolated from 12 different hosts in 16 geographical populations of China to identify the genetic structure.
RESULTS
A total of 170 alleles were detected. The whole population could be organized and was found to be derived from the admixture of two ancestral clusters. TreeMix analysis hinted that possible gene flow occurred from Guizhou (GZ) to Sichuan (SC), SC to Jaingxi (JX), SC to Hubei (HB), GZ to Yunnan (YN) and GZ to Jiangsu (JS). Both neighbor-joining clustering and principal coordinate analysis showed that isolates from intermediate hosts tend to cluster together, while parasites from definitive hosts revealed greater genetic differences. Generally, a S. mansoni population was observed to harbor high genetic diversity, moderate genetic differentiation and a little genetic exchange among geographical populations.
CONCLUSIONS
A Target SSR-seq genotyping method was successfully developed, and an in-depth view of genetic diversity and genetic relationship will have important implications for the prevention and control of sparganosis.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Spirometra; Sparganosis; China; Phylogeny; Genotype; Microsatellite Repeats; Genetic Variation
PubMed: 36564786
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05568-1 -
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za... Nov 2022The patient was found to develop a migrating mass in the lower abdomen without any known cause in 2000, and the cause had not been identified following multiple...
The patient was found to develop a migrating mass in the lower abdomen without any known cause in 2000, and the cause had not been identified following multiple diagnoses since then. The mass was found to migrate to the left anterior axillary regions on August 11, 2020. Then, three segments of incomplete white worms were resected through minimally invasive surgery, and metagenomic sequencing revealed sparganosis mansoni. After surgical resection of complete worms was performed on October 21, 2021, the case was cured and discharged from the hospital. Follow-up revealed satisfactory outcomes and no new mass was found throughout the body.
Topics: Humans; Sparganosis; Hospitals
PubMed: 36464258
DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2022035 -
Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology 2023Sparganosis is a parasitic infection caused by plerocercoid larvae of the genera Spirometra. Cerebral sparganosis is one of its most serious complications wherein...
Sparganosis is a parasitic infection caused by plerocercoid larvae of the genera Spirometra. Cerebral sparganosis is one of its most serious complications wherein clinical and imaging findings may pose diagnostic challenge. Here we present a case of cerebral sparganosis which mimicked as brain tumour on clinicoradiological examination. The case is reported in view of its rarity in India and the need for awareness of the entity.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Sparganosis; Spirometra; Brain Neoplasms; India
PubMed: 36404193
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2022.10.009 -
Parasitology Research Jan 2023Tapeworms of the genus Dibothriocephalus are widely distributed throughout the world, some of which are agents of human diphyllobothriasis, one of the most important...
Tapeworms of the genus Dibothriocephalus are widely distributed throughout the world, some of which are agents of human diphyllobothriasis, one of the most important fish-borne zoonoses caused by a cestode parasite. Genomic and transcriptomic data can be used to develop future diagnostic tools and epidemiological studies. The present work focuses on a comparative analysis of the transcriptomes of adult and plerocercoid D. dendriticus and the identification of their differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Transcriptome assembly and analysis yielded and annotated 35,129 unigenes, noting that 16,568 (47%) unigenes were not annotated in known databases, which may indicate a unique set of expressed transcripts for D. dendriticus. A total of 8022 differentially expressed transcripts were identified, including 3225 upregulated and 4797 downregulated differentially expressed transcripts from the plerocercoid and adult animals. The analysis of DEGs has shown that among the most differentially expressed genes, there are important genes characteristic of each stage. Thus, several genes are characteristic of D. dendriticus plerocercoids, including fatty acid-binding protein and ferritin. Among the most highly expressed DEGs of the adult stage of D. dendriticus is the Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor, in two putative isoforms. The analyses of GO and KEGG metabolic pathways revealed that a large number of the DEGs of D. dendriticus are associated with the biosynthesis of various substances such as arginine and folate, as well as with various metabolic pathways such as galactose metabolism, selenocompound metabolism, and phosphonate and phosphinate metabolism. This will contribute to further research aimed at identifying targets for new generation drugs and the development of specific vaccines.
Topics: Animals; Adult; Humans; Transcriptome; Larva; Gene Expression Profiling; Cestoda; Diphyllobothrium
PubMed: 36370234
DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07708-z -
Emerging Infectious Diseases Nov 2022We report molecular identification of an adult Spirometra mansoni tapeworm retrieved from a crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) in Colombia, confirming presence of this...
We report molecular identification of an adult Spirometra mansoni tapeworm retrieved from a crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) in Colombia, confirming presence of this parasite in South America. This tapeworm is the causative agent of human sparganosis, commonly reported from Southeast Asia, and represents the second congeneric species with known zoonotic potential in the Americas.
Topics: Animals; Adult; Humans; Spirometra; Sparganosis; Cestode Infections; South America; Colombia
PubMed: 36286232
DOI: 10.3201/eid2811.220529 -
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za... May 2022To establish an animal model of sparganosis mansoni through oral administration of infected with procercoids.
[Establishment of an animal model of infection and study on therapeutic methods II Establishment of a mouse model of sparganosis mansoni via oral administration of procercoids].
OBJECTIVE
To establish an animal model of sparganosis mansoni through oral administration of infected with procercoids.
METHODS
Domestic cats were infected with under laboratory conditions, and fresh cat stool samples were collected, washed in dechlorinated water, and filtered. eggs were collected and prepared into suspensions. Twenty C57BL/6j mice were randomly divided into the experimental group ( = 15) and the control group ( = 5). Wild were infected with coracidia to allow 3 to 5 procercoids in each . Then, each mouse in the experimental group was given 15 infected with procercoids by gavage, while mice in the control group were orally administered with the same volume of dechlorinated water. All mice were sacrificed after 5 months, and dissected, and suspicious worms were collected. The serum specific IgG antibody against was measured in mice using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Genomic DNA was isolated from suspicious worms, and the specific cytochrome oxidase I () gene was amplified using PCR assay.
RESULTS
Among the 15 mice in the experimental group, six were positive for the serum specific IgG antibody against , and milky white worms were found and collected from the subcutaneous regions of 4 out of 6 mice. Only one worm was detected in each mouse, and the worm morphology was similar to . Capillary electrophoresis of the PCR amplification products of gene presented a specific band with 151 bp in size, and sequencing analysis revealed 100% homology with .
CONCLUSIONS
A mouse model of sparganosis mansoni is successfully created through oral administration of infected with procercoids.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Cats; Disease Models, Animal; Electron Transport Complex IV; Immunoglobulin G; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Minocycline; Sparganosis; Sparganum; Suspensions
PubMed: 36116931
DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2021142 -
Revista Chilena de Infectologia :... Apr 2022Parasitic infections cause a huge burden of disease and are a current public health problem. The category of emerging or re-emerging disease is influenced by phenomena... (Review)
Review
Parasitic infections cause a huge burden of disease and are a current public health problem. The category of emerging or re-emerging disease is influenced by phenomena that occur in today's interconnected world because of globalization, the displacement of people, trade, uncoordinated urbanization and climate change, they have a very important influence on transmission of these diseases. In 2021 there was an increase in the number of patients who have required treatment for diphyllobothriasis in the Los Ríos Region. This article reviews aspects related to integrated Health Service networks to provide access to pharmacological treatments to patients diagnosed with diphyllobothriasis (tapeworm infection), implemented by the Valdivia Health Service Department, in collaboration with the San José de Osorno hospital, primary care centers and private centers in the Los Ríos Region.
Topics: Diphyllobothriasis; Humans; Praziquantel
PubMed: 35856998
DOI: 10.4067/S0716-10182022000200221 -
Ultrasonographical and molecular diagnosis of breast sparganosis due to Spirometra erinaceieuropaei.Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 2022
Topics: Animals; Humans; Sparganosis; Spirometra
PubMed: 35752292
DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102393