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Frontiers in Pharmacology 2024Breast cancer is among the most prevalent tumors worldwide. In this study, forming implants (ISFIs) containing rosuvastatin calcium were prepared using three types of...
PLGA and PDMS-based forming implants loaded with rosuvastatin and copper-selenium nanoparticles: a promising dual-effect formulation with augmented antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity in breast cancer cells.
Breast cancer is among the most prevalent tumors worldwide. In this study, forming implants (ISFIs) containing rosuvastatin calcium were prepared using three types of poly (D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), namely, PLGA 50/50 with ester terminal and PLGA 75/25 with ester or acid terminal. Additionally, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was added in concentrations of 0, 10, 20, and 30% w/v to accelerate matrix formation. The prepared ISFIs were characterized for their rheological behaviors, rate of matrix formation, and drug release. All the prepared formulations revealed a Newtonian flow with a matrix formation rate between 0.017 and 0.059 mm/min. Generally, increasing the concentration of PDMS increased the matrix formation rate. The prepared implants' release efficiency values ranged between 46.39 and 89.75%. The ISFI containing PLGA 50/50 with 30% PDMS was selected for further testing, as it has the highest matrix formation rate and a promising release efficiency value. Copper-selenium nanoparticles were prepared with two different particle sizes (560 and 383 nm for CS1 and CS2, respectively) and loaded into the selected formulation to enhance its anticancer activity. The unloaded and loaded implants with rosuvastatin and copper-selenium nanoparticles were evaluated for their antibacterial activity, against Gram-positive and negative microorganisms, and anticancer efficacy, against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. The results confirmed the potency of rosuvastatin calcium against cancer cells and the synergistic effect when loaded with smaller particle sizes of copper-selenium nanoparticles. This formulation holds a considerable potential for efficient breast cancer therapy.
PubMed: 38895619
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1397639 -
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2024Recently, a lot of research has been done around the world to popularize the osseointegration of dental implants. In this study, it was investigated the effect of local...
OBJECTIVE
Recently, a lot of research has been done around the world to popularize the osseointegration of dental implants. In this study, it was investigated the effect of local zoledronic acid application on implants with machined (MAC), resorbable blast materials (RBM), sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA) surface implants integrated in rat tibias.
METHODOLOGY
A total of 60 female Wistar rats weighing between 270 and 300 g were used in the study. The rats were passing divided into six classes: controls; MAC (n = 10), RBM (n = 10), SLA (n = 10), and local zoledronic acid (LZA) applied groups; LZA-MAC (n = 10), LZA-RBM (n=10) and LZA-SLA (n = 10) and implants were surgically placement into rat tibias in general anesthesia. After a four-week experimental period, the biomechanical bone implant connection level was determined with reverse torque analysis.
RESULTS
Osseointegration levels were detected highly in SLA and RBM surface compared with the machined surfaced implants in both control and treatment groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, local application of zoledronic acid in both three groups; implants increased the biomechanic osseointegration level compared with the controls (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
In this research, we observe that the local application of the zoledronic acid could increase the osseointegration, and RBM and SLA surface could be better than machined surfaced implants in terms of bone implant connection. In addition, local application of zoledronic acid may be a safer method than systemic application.
Topics: Animals; Zoledronic Acid; Osseointegration; Rats, Wistar; Rats; Female; Dental Implants; Surface Properties; Tibia; Bone Density Conservation Agents
PubMed: 38895174
DOI: 10.2147/DDDT.S459125 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024Linear polyamides, known as nylons, are a class of synthetic polymers with a wide range of applications due to their outstanding properties, such as chemical and thermal... (Review)
Review
Linear polyamides, known as nylons, are a class of synthetic polymers with a wide range of applications due to their outstanding properties, such as chemical and thermal resistance or mechanical strength. These polymers have been used in various fields: from common and domestic applications, such as socks and fishing nets, to industrial gears or water purification membranes. By their durability, flexibility and wear resistance, nylons are now being used in addictive manufacturing technology as a good material choice to produce sophisticated devices with precise and complex geometric shapes. Furthermore, the emergence of triboelectric nanogenerators and the development of biomaterials have highlighted the versatility and utility of these materials. Due to their ability to enhance triboelectric performance and the range of applications, nylons show a potential use as tribo-positive materials. Because of the easy control of their shape, they can be subsequently integrated into nanogenerators. The use of nylons has also extended into the field of biomaterials, where their biocompatibility, mechanical strength and versatility have paved the way for groundbreaking advances in medical devices as dental implants, catheters and non-absorbable surgical sutures. By means of 3D bioprinting, nylons have been used to develop scaffolds, joint implants and drug carriers with tailored properties for various biomedical applications. The present paper aims to collect evidence of these recently specific applications of nylons by reviewing the literature produced in recent decades, with a special focus on the newer technologies in the field of energy harvesting and biomedicine.
Topics: Printing, Three-Dimensional; Biocompatible Materials; Humans; Bioprinting
PubMed: 38893319
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112443 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jun 2024Regenerative medicine aims to address substantial defects by amplifying the body's natural regenerative abilities and preserving the health of tissues and organs. To... (Review)
Review
Regenerative medicine aims to address substantial defects by amplifying the body's natural regenerative abilities and preserving the health of tissues and organs. To achieve these goals, materials that can provide the spatial and biological support for cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as the micro-environment essential for the intended tissue, are needed. Scaffolds such as polymers and metallic materials provide three-dimensional structures for cells to attach to and grow in defects. These materials have limitations in terms of mechanical properties or biocompatibility. In contrast, biominerals are formed by living organisms through biomineralization, which also includes minerals created by replicating this process. Incorporating biominerals into conventional materials allows for enhanced strength, durability, and biocompatibility. Specifically, biominerals can improve the bond between the implant and tissue by mimicking the micro-environment. This enhances cell differentiation and tissue regeneration. Furthermore, biomineral composites have wound healing and antimicrobial properties, which can aid in wound repair. Additionally, biominerals can be engineered as drug carriers, which can efficiently deliver drugs to their intended targets, minimizing side effects and increasing therapeutic efficacy. This article examines the role of biominerals and their composite materials in regenerative medicine applications and discusses their properties, synthesis methods, and potential uses.
Topics: Regenerative Medicine; Humans; Biocompatible Materials; Animals; Tissue Scaffolds; Tissue Engineering; Minerals; Biomineralization; Wound Healing; Cell Differentiation
PubMed: 38892335
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116147 -
International Journal of Molecular... May 2024Tooth loss during the lifetime of an individual is common. A strategy to treat partial or complete edentulous patients is the placement of dental implants. However,...
Tooth loss during the lifetime of an individual is common. A strategy to treat partial or complete edentulous patients is the placement of dental implants. However, dental implants are subject to bacterial colonization and biofilm formation, which cause an infection named peri-implantitis. The existing long-term treatments for peri-implantitis are generally inefficient. Thus, an electrical circuit was produced with zirconia (Zr) samples using a hot-pressing technique to impregnate silver (Ag) through channels and holes to create a path by LASER texturing. The obtained specimens were characterized according to vitro cytotoxicity, to ensure ZrAg non-toxicity. Furthermore, samples were inoculated with using 6.5 mA of alternating current (AC). The current was delivered using a potentiostat and the influence on the bacterial concentration was assessed. Using AC, the specimens displayed no bacterial adhesion (Log 7 reduction). The in vitro results presented in this study suggest that this kind of treatment can be an alternative and promising strategy to treat and overcome bacterial adhesion around dental implants that can evolve to biofilm.
Topics: Staphylococcus aureus; Dental Implants; Zirconium; Biofilms; Humans; Bacterial Adhesion; Electric Stimulation; Surface Properties; Peri-Implantitis; Silver
PubMed: 38891904
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115719 -
ACS Applied Bio Materials Jun 2024Silicone rubber tissue expanders and breast implants are associated with chronic inflammation, leading to the formation of fibrous capsules. If the inflammation is left...
Silicone rubber tissue expanders and breast implants are associated with chronic inflammation, leading to the formation of fibrous capsules. If the inflammation is left untreated, the fibrous capsules can become hard and brittle and lead to formation of capsular contracture. When capsular contracture occurs, implant failure and reoperation is unavoidable. Fibrous capsule formation to medical grade silicone rubber breast implants and polyisobutylene-based electrospun fiber mats attached to silicone rubber with and without an anti-inflammatory therapeutic were compared. A linear polyisobutylene (PIB)-based thermoplastic elastomer is currently applied as a polymer coating for drug release on coronary stents to reduce restenosis. Recent work has created a drug releasing electrospun fiber mat from PIB-based materials. Important to this study, poly(alloocimene--isobutylene--alloocimene) (AIBA) was electrospun with zafirlukast (ZAF). ZAF is an anti-inflammatory drug that is able to reduce capsule formation and complications to silicone breast implants. Fiber mats are advantageous for local drug delivery because of their high porosity and surface area for drug release. The chief hypothesis was that local release of ZAF from AIBA would lower inflammatory signaling and resulting capsular formation after 90 days . Electrospun AIBA mats locally released ZAF, lowering inflammation and fibrous capsule development compared to medical grade silicone rubber. Locally and orally released ZAF led to similar results, but the former had much lower concentration that highlights local delivery's therapeutic potential. Released ZAF from AIBA fiber mats mitigated inflammation and serves as an alternative to existing clinical approaches.
PubMed: 38888242
DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00341 -
EuroIntervention : Journal of EuroPCR... Jun 2024Long-term follow-up is essential to evaluate the impact of polymer degradation in drug-eluting stents (DES). (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Long-term follow-up is essential to evaluate the impact of polymer degradation in drug-eluting stents (DES).
AIMS
We aimed to compare durable-polymer DES (DP-DES) and biodegradable-polymer DES (BP-DES) during a 3-year follow-up to evaluate the entire period of polymer resolution (before, during, and after degradation).
METHODS
The HOST REDUCE POLYTECH RCT Trial was a randomised clinical trial enrolling patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and comparing the efficacy and safety of DP-DES and BP-DES. The primary outcome was a patient-oriented composite outcome (POCO), and the key secondary outcome was a device-oriented composite outcome (DOCO).
RESULTS
A total of 3,413 ACS patients were randomised to either the DP-DES (1,713 patients) or BP-DES (1,700 patients) group. During the 3-year follow-up, the risk of the POCO was similar between the DP-DES and BP-DES groups (14.8% vs 15.4%, hazard ratio [HR] 0.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80-1.14; p=0.613). However, the risk of the DOCO was lower in the DP-DES group (6.0% vs 8.0%, HR 0.73, 95% CI: 0.57-0.95; p=0.020). In a landmark analysis, the lower risk of the DOCO for the DP-DES group was evident during the transition from the early to the late period after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (from 8 to 16 months post-PCI; 1.8% vs 3.3%, HR 0.54, 95% CI: 0.34-0.84; p=0.007), which was mainly driven by a risk reduction of target lesion revascularisation.
CONCLUSIONS
In ACS patients, DP-DES showed similar results to BP-DES regarding the POCO up to 3 years. For the DOCO, DP-DES were superior to BP-DES; this was due to the higher event rate during the period of polymer degradation.
Topics: Humans; Drug-Eluting Stents; Acute Coronary Syndrome; Male; Female; Polymers; Middle Aged; Aged; Absorbable Implants; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Treatment Outcome; Prosthesis Design; Time Factors
PubMed: 38887886
DOI: 10.4244/EIJ-D-23-01053 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Jun 2024Peri-implant diseases, being the most common implant-related complications, significantly impact the normal functioning and longevity of implants. Experimental models... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Peri-implant diseases, being the most common implant-related complications, significantly impact the normal functioning and longevity of implants. Experimental models play a crucial role in discovering potential therapeutic approaches and elucidating the mechanisms of disease progression in peri-implant diseases. This narrative review comprehensively examines animal models and common modeling methods employed in peri-implant disease research and innovatively summarizes the in vitro models of peri-implant diseases.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Articles published between 2015 and 2023 were retrieved from PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Embase. All studies focusing on experimental models of peri-implant diseases were included and carefully evaluated.
RESULTS
Various experimental models of peri-implantitis have different applications and advantages. The dog model is currently the most widely utilized animal model in peri-implant disease research, while rodent models have unique advantages in gene knockout and systemic disease induction. In vitro models of peri-implant diseases are also continuously evolving to meet different experimental purposes.
CONCLUSIONS
The utilization of experimental models helps simplify experiments, save time and resources, and promote advances in peri-implant disease research. Animal models have been proven valuable in the early stages of drug development, while technological advancements have brought about more predictive and relevant in vitro models.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
This review provides clear and comprehensive model selection strategies for researchers in the field of peri-implant diseases, thereby enhancing understanding of disease pathogenesis and providing possibilities for developing new treatment strategies.
Topics: Animals; Peri-Implantitis; Disease Models, Animal; Dental Implants; Humans; Dogs
PubMed: 38884808
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05755-7 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Apr 2024To compare and evaluate the clinical efficacy of "ofloxacin incorporated L-PRF" and "L-PRF alone" when used as an adjuvant to non-surgical periodontal therapy.
AIM AND OBJECTIVES
To compare and evaluate the clinical efficacy of "ofloxacin incorporated L-PRF" and "L-PRF alone" when used as an adjuvant to non-surgical periodontal therapy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A split-mouth study was conducted in 50 patients diagnosed as chronic periodontitis with pocket depth ≥6 with at least one site in each quadrant. All patients underwent scaling and root planning. Test site received with ofloxacin incorporated L-PRF and control site received L-PRF alone. Clinical parameters pocket depth (PD), plaque index (PI), and gingival bleeding index (GBI) were recorded at baseline and 1 month after scaling and root planning.
RESULTS
In total, 100 sites were treated (50 test group and 50 control group) with no uneventful healing effects. Statistically significant decreases in PD ( = .0001 for both test and control groups), PI ( = .001), GBI ( = .001 for both groups), between pre-treatment and 1 month post-treatment were noted in both test and control groups. For intergroup comparisons, there was a statistically significant difference in all clinical indices ( > .005).
CONCLUSION
Use of L-PRF with ofloxacin as an adjuvant to non-surgical periodontal therapy showed better improvements in clinical parameters.
PubMed: 38882720
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_382_23 -
BMC Oral Health Jun 2024This study evaluated the clinical benefits of adding NanoBone with split-crest technique and simultaneous implant placement covered with platelet-rich fibrin membrane in... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Tomographic assessment of bone changes in atrophic maxilla treated by split-crest technique and dental implants with platelet-rich fibrin and NanoBone versus platelet-rich fibrin alone: Randomized controlled trial.
BACKGROUND
This study evaluated the clinical benefits of adding NanoBone with split-crest technique and simultaneous implant placement covered with platelet-rich fibrin membrane in horizontally deficient maxillary ridges in terms of crestal and horizontal bone changes and patient morbidity.
METHODS
Forty patients indicated for maxillary ridge splitting and simultaneous implant placement were assigned randomly to the study groups: control group (Platelet Rich Fibrin membrane) and test group (Platelet Rich Fibrin membrane + Nanobone). The Cone Beam Computed Tomography Fusion technique was utilized to assess crestal and horizontal bone changes after five months of the surgical procedure. Patient morbidity was recorded for one week post-surgical.
RESULTS
Five months post-surgical, buccal crestal bone resorption was 1.26 ± 0.58 mm for the control group and 1.14 ± 0.63 mm for the test group. Lingual crestal bone resorption was 1.40 ± 0.66 mm for the control group and 1.47 ± 0.68 mm for the test group. Horizontal bone width gain was 1.46 ± 0.44 mm for the control group and 1.29 ± 0.73 mm for the test group. There was no significant statistical difference between study groups regarding crestal and horizontal bone changes and patient morbidity.
CONCLUSIONS
The tomographic assessment of NanoBone addition in this study resulted in no statistically significant difference between study groups regarding crestal and horizontal bone changes and patient morbidity. More randomized controlled clinical trials on gap fill comparing different bone grafting materials versus no grafting should be conducted.
GOV REGISTRATION NUMBER
NCT02836678, 13 January 2017.
Topics: Humans; Platelet-Rich Fibrin; Male; Female; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Maxilla; Middle Aged; Alveolar Bone Loss; Dental Implants; Adult; Alveolar Ridge Augmentation; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Aged; Minerals; Follow-Up Studies; Drug Combinations; Silicon Dioxide; Durapatite
PubMed: 38877464
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04420-5