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Actas Dermo-sifiliograficas Jun 2024
PubMed: 38857844
DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2024.02.034 -
Industrial Psychiatry Journal 2024Vitiligo is a common depigmenting dermatosis characterized by milky-white macules or patches. Any pathological discoloration of the skin has been linked to an impact on...
BACKGROUND
Vitiligo is a common depigmenting dermatosis characterized by milky-white macules or patches. Any pathological discoloration of the skin has been linked to an impact on the body image of an individual, and vitiligo has been linked to decreased self-esteem and poor socialization of the affected people. In Indian society, vitiligo is labeled as Shweta-Kushta (i.e., white-colored leprosy) and is compared to leprosy-a more stigmatizing skin condition.
AIM
This study aims to study gender-related differences in the quality of life of Indian vitiligo patients.
METHODOLOGY
In this hospital-based cross-sectional study, a total of 55 vitiligo patients (females 25 and males 30) were enrolled using the purposive sampling technique. The sample was assessed on Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaire, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSS), and General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) to assess their quality of life, self-esteem, and psychological well-being, respectively. The gender differences in sociodemographic and clinical details as well as their relationship with the quality of life of the patients were sought with the help of appropriate statistical measures.
RESULTS
The patients of both genders were comparable in terms of all sociodemographic and clinical variables except the females being less educated and employed than the males. There was a statistically significant trend of higher mean DLQI total score in females than males (6.6 ± 3.55 vs 4.8 ± 2.71, Mann-Whitney U = 263.5, =0.058). Significantly, the average DLQI score in female vitiligo patients was negatively related to family income ( = -.659, <.001) and it was significantly higher for the patients from a rural background than those from an urban background (8.55 ± 3.30 vs 5.07 ± 3.03, Mann-Whitney U = 33.5, <.05). The average DLQI score was negatively correlated to RSS score but positively correlated to GHQ-12 score in patients of both genders.
CONCLUSION
The quality of life of female patients with vitiligo is poorer than the same in male patients. The poor financial condition of families and rural living are two factors related to the poorer quality of life of female patients. A poorer quality of life in vitiligo patients of both genders is linked with decreased self-esteem and decreased psychological well-being. Gender-related issues in the quality of life and the overall well-being of such patients are important in their management and policy-making.
PubMed: 38853817
DOI: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_74_23 -
Combined low-dose isotretinoin and long-pulsed nd: YAG laser in the treatment of post-acne erythema.Archives of Dermatological Research Jun 2024Post-acne erythema (PAE) is a bothering skin condition that emerges from inflammatory acne and persists after its resolution. It is characterized by telangiectasia and...
Post-acne erythema (PAE) is a bothering skin condition that emerges from inflammatory acne and persists after its resolution. It is characterized by telangiectasia and erythematous macules. the role of 1064-nm Nd: YAG when combined with low-dose isotretinoin in the acne erythema treatment. forty-eight PAE patients were involved in the study. They were divided into two groups; group (A) patients administering a low dose of oral isotretinoin (10 mg/day) and underwent a total of six two-week interval sessions of 1064 ND-YAG laser treatment, group (B) patients administering a low dose of oral isotretinoin (10 mg/day) only. All adverse effects experienced during the course of therapy were documented, and photos were taken before the start of the treatment and following the end of the treatment duration. Following the completion of the therapeutic intervention, a significant improvement in clinical condition was observed in both groups, with more improvement in group (A) compared to group (B) as evidenced by a notable improvement in the score on the Clinician Erythema Assessment Scale (CEAS) and also a significant decrease in the mean value of optical density of the erythema. combined 1064-nm Nd: YAG with low-dose isotretinoin may be an efficient and secure line in the PAE treatment. Also, the combined therapy had superior results when compared to low-dose isotretinoin alone.
Topics: Humans; Isotretinoin; Erythema; Acne Vulgaris; Female; Male; Lasers, Solid-State; Adult; Dermatologic Agents; Young Adult; Treatment Outcome; Adolescent; Combined Modality Therapy
PubMed: 38850412
DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-03143-5 -
Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2024Vitiligo is an inveterate disease of great aesthetic concern presenting with depigmented macules and patches. It is often incorrigible to medical treatment.
BACKGROUND
Vitiligo is an inveterate disease of great aesthetic concern presenting with depigmented macules and patches. It is often incorrigible to medical treatment.
AIM
To study the clinical profile of vitiligo patients and evaluate the effect of 5% 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) cream with microneedling.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This observational analytical study was conducted from November 2019 to July 2021. A total of 33 adult vitiligo patients were treated with oral mini-pulse (dexamethasone) therapy and topical corticosteroid (clobetasol propionate 0.05%). Patient's total number of vitiligo lesions with <10-cm size were counted and half of the lesions were treated with 5-FU + microneedling (Group A), while a remaining number of lesions were not treated with 5-FU + microneedling (Group B). In the case of the odd number of lesions, the total number of lesions minus one was considered and then divided into equal numbers for treatment. The procedure was performed every 2 weeks for 3 months. Clinical improvement was assessed monthly till 6 months by serial clinical photographs and grading scores.
RESULTS
Initiation of repigmentation started in the first month in Group A, whereas in Group B, it was seen in the second, which was statistically significant ( < 0.0001). Excellent improvement (>75% repigmentation) was noted in Group A as compared to Group B at the end of 6 months ( < 0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS
Needling with 5% 5-FU appears to be a simple, safe, and effective treatment in vitiligo. It can be used in poor responders to conventional therapy.
PubMed: 38845671
DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_774_23 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,... Apr 2024Telangiectasia macularis multiplex acquisita is a rarely described entity, characterized by multiple asymptomatic erythematous and/or brownish macules with...
Telangiectasia macularis multiplex acquisita is a rarely described entity, characterized by multiple asymptomatic erythematous and/or brownish macules with telangiectasias, preferably on bilateral upper arms and trunk. We reported a 56-year-old Chinese man with telangiectasia macularis multiplex acquisita. Dermoscopic examination demonstrated an erythematous-brownish background with a striking angioid streak pattern (a central arteriole with superficial radiating small vessels attributed to spider-like eruptions) and linear-irregular branching vessels. We suggest dermoscopic features can be used to improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis and avoid unnecessary skin biopsies.
PubMed: 38841960
DOI: 10.25259/IJDVL_762_2023 -
Molecular Syndromology Jun 2024Griscelli syndrome type 2 (GS2) and neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) are both rare genetic disorders, but their coexistence has not been documented prior to this report.
INTRODUCTION
Griscelli syndrome type 2 (GS2) and neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) are both rare genetic disorders, but their coexistence has not been documented prior to this report.
CASE PRESENTATION
We present the case of a 4-year-old girl initially diagnosed with GS2 due to albinism and immunodeficiency, and later with NF1, manifested by the development of multiple café-au-lait macules (CALMs) and MRI findings. The patient was the second child of consanguineous parents and exhibited symptoms early, with silver-gray hair at birth and subsequent health complications at 9 months. GS2 was confirmed via the identification of a homozygous frameshift variant in the gene, and a de novo heterozygous splice site mutation in the gene established the NF1 diagnosis. Her treatment included hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and ongoing surveillance for NF1-associated complications.
DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION
This case emphasizes the importance of considering the potential for concurrent rare genetic diseases in clinical evaluations, especially with progressive or evolving symptomatology.
PubMed: 38841328
DOI: 10.1159/000536162 -
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational... 2024Porokeratosis (PK), characterized by keratotic lesions with an atrophic center and a prominent peripheral ridge, with a typical histological hallmark, namely, the...
Porokeratosis (PK), characterized by keratotic lesions with an atrophic center and a prominent peripheral ridge, with a typical histological hallmark, namely, the cornoid lamella, has two forms: disseminated and localized. While PK often converts into squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), conversion from disseminated superficial porokeratosis (DSP) alone is rarely reported except for one case in which DSP and LP coexisted and converted to SCC. Here, we report the case of a patient with SCC converted from DSP alone, presenting with coin-sized macules on the bottom right of his waist that developed into an ulcer at the center. The patient underwent radiation therapy, which effectively treated the SCC but did not resolve the PK. This article highlights regular follow-up and undergo comprehensive diagnosis, both of which are beneficial to enable early detection and management of DSP that has converted to into SCC; in addition, standardized medical treatment may help improve the treatment therapeutic effect of in similar diseases.
PubMed: 38827628
DOI: 10.2147/CCID.S463569 -
The British Journal of Oral &... May 2024Fixed drug eruptions (FDE) are adverse cutaneous drug reactions and a form of delayed type 4 hypersensitivity reaction characterised by recurrent lesions at the same...
Fixed drug eruptions (FDE) are adverse cutaneous drug reactions and a form of delayed type 4 hypersensitivity reaction characterised by recurrent lesions at the same site each time a specific drug is taken. They most commonly result in cutaneous lesions presenting as an erythematous round or oval macule or plaque. FDEs have rarely been reported to affect oral mucous membranes and tend to have a bullous or aphthous-like appearance with erythema. Almost half of patients report an increase in the severity of symptoms with prolonged exposure to the offending medication. The most commonly attributed classes of drug are antibiotics (tetracyclines and sulphonamides) alongside non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Cutaneous adverse reactions to etoricoxib, a highly selective COX-2 inhibitor, have been reported. Here we describe an adverse reaction restricted to the oral mucosa.
PubMed: 38816329
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2024.05.001 -
Advances in Experimental Medicine and... 2024Monkeypox (Mpox) is a zoonotic disease caused by a virus (monkeypox virus-MPV) belonging to the Poxviridae family. In humans, the disease has an incubation period of... (Review)
Review
Monkeypox (Mpox) is a zoonotic disease caused by a virus (monkeypox virus-MPV) belonging to the Poxviridae family. In humans, the disease has an incubation period of 5-21 days and then progresses in two phases, the prodromal phase and the rash phase. The prodromal phase is characterized by non-specific symptoms such as fever, muscle pain, malaise, lymphadenopathy, headache, and chills. Skin lesions appear in the rash phase of the disease. These lesions progress through different stages (macules, papules, vesicles, and pustules). In May 2022, WHO reported an outbreak of human Mpox in several countries which were previously Mpox-free. As per the CDC report of March 01, 2023, a total of 86,231 confirmed cases of Mpox and 105 deaths have been reported from 110 countries and territories across the globe. Notably, more than 90% of these countries were reporting Mpox for the first time. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that this outbreak was associated with the virus from the West African clade. However, most of the cases in this outbreak had no evidence of travel histories to MPV-endemic countries in Central or West Africa. This outbreak was primarily driven by the transmission of the virus via intimate contact in men who have sex with men (MSM). The changing epidemiology of Mpox raised concerns about the increasing spread of the disease in non-endemic countries and the urgent need to control and prevent it. In this chapter, we present all the documented cases of Mpox from 1970 to 2023 and discuss the past, present, and future of MPV.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Disease Outbreaks; Monkeypox virus; Mpox (monkeypox); Phylogeny; Zoonoses
PubMed: 38801568
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_1 -
Cureus Apr 2024A relatively rare inherited condition known as Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) causes mucocutaneous pigmentation and gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyps. These polyps are... (Review)
Review
A relatively rare inherited condition known as Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) causes mucocutaneous pigmentation and gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyps. These polyps are non-cancerous, but the presence of PJS significantly increases the chances of developing various types of cancers, such as colorectal, pancreatic, gastric, and breast cancer. The purpose of this review article is to give an abbreviated summary of what is currently known about this syndrome, covering its clinical symptoms, pathophysiology, genetics, and management. PJS also raises the risk of getting many malignancies, especially gastrointestinal and pelvic cancers. Symptoms of the gastrointestinal tract brought on by hamartomatous polyps are frequent and include stool blockage, bleeding, and stomach pain. The pigmentation commonly appears as prominent bluish-black macules and frequently affects the skin and mucous membranes. Small macules and large regions of lentiginous pigmentation are both possible. Numerous areas, including the perioral area, buccal mucosa, fingers, and lips, exhibit pigmentation. Bowel obstruction and intussusception risk can be decreased by early identification and routine surveillance of gastrointestinal polyps. The gene serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11) controls several biological functions, including cell polarity, growth, and proliferation. Genetic counseling is recommended for the affected individuals and their families. This can help assess the risk of passing on the condition to future generations and provide information about available reproductive options. Regular surveillance is crucial for managing the syndrome and reducing the risk of cancer development. Other syndromes and extra-gastrointestinal characteristics, such as somatic tumor polyps outside the gastrointestinal tract, are also linked to this syndrome.
PubMed: 38800180
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58887