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Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic... Nov 2023A 9-y-old male Boxer dog developed a mandibular skin tumor, which histologically had a locally invasive growth pattern composed of bilayered structures of inner...
A 9-y-old male Boxer dog developed a mandibular skin tumor, which histologically had a locally invasive growth pattern composed of bilayered structures of inner eosinophilic cuboidal tumor cells and outer clear polygonal tumor cells with cytoplasm containing glycogen granules. Both cell populations gradually changed from low-grade morphologic features to highly anaplastic ones. Immunohistochemically, the eosinophilic tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin 8, a useful marker for luminal epithelial cells. In contrast, the clear tumor cells expressed several myoepithelial markers, including α-smooth muscle actin, p63, and cytokeratin 14. Based on these histologic and immunohistochemical characteristics, we diagnosed this apocrine sweat gland tumor as a carcinoma-and-malignant myoepithelioma with high-grade transformation of both luminal and myoepithelial cells. Our case may be a helpful reference for the histogenesis of carcinoma-and-malignant myoepithelioma, in which both the luminal epithelial and myoepithelial components are malignant.
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Male; Biomarkers, Tumor; Bone Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Dog Diseases; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Myoepithelioma; Sweat Gland Neoplasms
PubMed: 37786275
DOI: 10.1177/10406387231202529 -
Dermatopathology (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2023Cutaneous syncytial myoepithelioma (CSM) is a rare type of cutaneous neoplasm that typically presents as a solitary and well-circumscribed nodule on the skin. It...
Cutaneous syncytial myoepithelioma (CSM) is a rare type of cutaneous neoplasm that typically presents as a solitary and well-circumscribed nodule on the skin. It predominantly occurs on the upper and lower extremities of adult patients. Immunohistochemically, CSM is characterized by the co-expression of smooth muscle and epithelial markers. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) targeting the EWSR1 gene rearrangement is an important diagnostic tool for CSM. In our case report, we found the focal positivity for CD34, which has never been previously observed; this was mostly confined to a central area of the neoplasm.
PubMed: 37754276
DOI: 10.3390/dermatopathology10030034 -
Hand Surgery & Rehabilitation Dec 2023Cutaneous myoepithelioma is a rare neoplasm of the skin that has become more widely recognized in recent years despite significant diagnostic pitfalls. It is a benign...
Cutaneous myoepithelioma is a rare neoplasm of the skin that has become more widely recognized in recent years despite significant diagnostic pitfalls. It is a benign neoplasm with a high recurrence rate if not excised radically, and must be distinguished from its malignant counterpart. Few cases have been described so far and, to our knowledge, no cases in the finger of a child exist in the literature. We report the case of a 15 year-old boy affected by a rare form of locally aggressive spindle-cell myoepithelioma, and suggest a new multidisciplinary approach combining surgical excision and custom brachytherapy.
Topics: Male; Child; Humans; Adolescent; Myoepithelioma; Skin Neoplasms; Fingers; Upper Extremity
PubMed: 37714516
DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2023.09.001 -
International Journal of Oral Science Sep 2023Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common benign tumour in the salivary gland and has high morphological complexity. However, the origin and intratumoral heterogeneity...
Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common benign tumour in the salivary gland and has high morphological complexity. However, the origin and intratumoral heterogeneity of PA are largely unknown. Here, we constructed a comprehensive atlas of PA at single-cell resolution and showed that PA exhibited five tumour subpopulations, three recapitulating the epithelial states of the normal parotid gland, and two PA-specific epithelial cell (PASE) populations unique to tumours. Then, six subgroups of PASE cells were identified, which varied in epithelium, bone, immune, metabolism, stemness and cell cycle signatures. Moreover, we revealed that CD36 myoepithelial cells were the tumour-initiating cells (TICs) in PA, and were dominated by the PI3K-AKT pathway. Targeting the PI3K-AKT pathway significantly inhibited CD36 myoepithelial cell-derived tumour spheres and the growth of PA organoids. Our results provide new insights into the diversity and origin of PA, offering an important clinical implication for targeting the PI3K-AKT signalling pathway in PA treatment.
Topics: Humans; Adenoma, Pleomorphic; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Transcriptome; Myoepithelioma
PubMed: 37679344
DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00243-2 -
Salivary gland tumor incidence in adult patients in a tertiary hospital in Mexico from 2008 to 2019.Cirugia Y Cirujanos 2023To determine the incidence of salivary gland tumors in a population of a tertiary hospital in the State of Mexico, and to describe demographic variables. (Observational Study)
Observational Study
OBJECTIVE
To determine the incidence of salivary gland tumors in a population of a tertiary hospital in the State of Mexico, and to describe demographic variables.
METHOD
An observational, cross-sectional and retrospective study of salivary gland tumors reported in a tertiary hospital in the State of Mexico in the period 2008-2019 is presented.
RESULTS
A prevalence of 0.049% was found. There was no difference between sex in the studied population. Benign salivary gland tumors were the most frequent (86.7%). The age range most affected was 51-60 years. The most frequently found tumor was the pleomorphic adenoma, followed by Warthin's tumor. There was 13.33% of sialolipomas, and one myoepithelioma. There were no cases of sublingual gland tumors or minor salivary glands.
CONCLUSION
Tumors of the major salivary glands are infrequent tumors; population cases from a central Mexican state and their demographic characteristics are presented to contribute to the information found in local and international literature.
Topics: Humans; Adult; Middle Aged; Mexico; Tertiary Care Centers; Cross-Sectional Studies; Incidence; Retrospective Studies; Salivary Gland Neoplasms
PubMed: 37677957
DOI: 10.24875/CIRU.21000414 -
International Journal of Oral and... Apr 2024Myoepithelial carcinoma (MECA) is a rare type of carcinoma for which the clinicopathological features and prognostic factors have not yet been fully clarified. A...
Myoepithelial carcinoma (MECA) is a rare type of carcinoma for which the clinicopathological features and prognostic factors have not yet been fully clarified. A retrospective study of 42 patients diagnosed with salivary gland MECA was performed, focusing on the clinicopathological features and prognostic factors. Of the 42 patients, 20 died of cancer, 20 lived without tumour, one lived with distant metastasis, and one was lost to follow-up. Overall, 69.0% had tumour recurrence, 16.7% had cervical nodal metastasis, and 21.4% had distant metastasis. The 5-year overall survival rate was 70.2%. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients with pathological positive lymph nodes (pN+), multiple recurrences of tumour, and higher histological grade had worse overall survival. Multivariate Cox analysis indicated pN+ and higher histological grade to be independent predictors of decreased survival. The 5-year overall survival rate in the pN0 group was 87.5%, while that in the pN+ group was 28.6%. In conclusion, myoepithelial carcinoma can be defined as a tumour with a high incidence of recurrence and poor prognosis, especially in pN+ patients. Pathological positive lymph nodes and histological grade may serve as predictors of survival.
Topics: Humans; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Myoepithelioma; Salivary Glands; Neoplasm Staging
PubMed: 37591716
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2023.07.009 -
Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai... Jul 2023Myoepithelioma, also known as malignant myoepithelioma, is a rare malignant tumor originating from myoepithelial cell. This article reports a patient with a huge tumor... (Review)
Review
Myoepithelioma, also known as malignant myoepithelioma, is a rare malignant tumor originating from myoepithelial cell. This article reports a patient with a huge tumor in the neck and left elbow who underwent fine needle aspiration under local anesthesia. The pathological diagnosis was a myoepithelioma. Under general anesthesia, giant tumors in the lower neck, posterior cranial fossa, neck, and left elbow were removed, and postoperative pathology showed that they were all myoepithelial tumors. Immunohistochemistry showed AE1/AE3 (+), P63 (+), CK7 (+), CK5 (+), and CD138 (+). The clinical characteristics and diagnosis and treatment process of this case are reported and relevant literature is reviewed.
Topics: Humans; Myoepithelioma; Immunohistochemistry; Epithelial Cells; Neck; Carcinoma
PubMed: 37549952
DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2023.07.013 -
Virchows Archiv : An International... Nov 2023Cutaneous syncytial myoepithelioma (CSM) is a rare myoepithelioma variant of skin, characterized by intradermal syncytial growth of spindle cells with a distinct...
AIMS
Cutaneous syncytial myoepithelioma (CSM) is a rare myoepithelioma variant of skin, characterized by intradermal syncytial growth of spindle cells with a distinct immunophenotype of EMA and S100 positivity and infrequent keratin expression. While CSM was first described as a cutaneous tumor, singular non-cutaneous cases have since been reported in bone. We aimed to investigate the clinicopathological features of this variant across all anatomic sites through a large multi-institutional study.
METHODS AND RESULTS
We complied a total of 24 myoepitheliomas with syncytial growth from our files. The tumors occurred in 12 male and 12 female patients (M:F = 1:1), with a median age of 31 years (range, 9-69 years). While the majority of tumors (75%, n = 18) occurred in skin, a significant subset (25%, n = 6) arose in non-cutaneous sites, including bone (n = 3), bronchus/trachea (n = 2), and interosseous membrane of tibia/fibula (n = 1). Tumor size ranged from 0.4 to 5.9 cm. Clinical follow-up (7 patients; range 14-202 months; median 56.5 months) showed a single local recurrence 8 years after incomplete skin excision but no metastases; all patients were alive at the time of last follow-up without evidence of disease. Histologically, all tumors were pink at low-power and characterized by a syncytial growth of bland ovoid, spindled, or histiocytoid cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and prominent perivascular lymphoplasmacytic inflammation. One-third displayed adipocytic metaplasia (8/24). Rare cytologic atypia was seen but was not associated with increased mitotic activity. All tumors expressed S100, SMA, and/or EMA. Keratin expression was absent in most cases. Molecular analysis was performed in 16 cases, all showing EWSR1-rearrangments. In total, 15/15 (100%) harbored an EWSR1::PBX3 fusion, whereas 1 case EWSR1 FISH was the only molecular study performed.
CONCLUSION
Syncytial myoepithelioma is a rare but recognizable morphologic variant of myoepithelioma which may have a predilection for skin but also occurs in diverse non-cutaneous sites. Our series provides evidence supporting a reappraisal of the term "cutaneous syncytial myoepithelioma," as 25% of patients in our series presented with non-cutaneous tumors; thus, we propose the term "syncytial myoepithelioma" to aid pathologist recognition and avoidance of potentially confusing terminology when referring to non-cutaneous examples. The behavior of syncytial myoepithelioma, whether it arises in cutaneous or non-cutaneous sites, is indolent and perhaps benign with a small capacity for local recurrence.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Child; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Aged; Myoepithelioma; Biomarkers, Tumor; Skin Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial; Keratins
PubMed: 37548750
DOI: 10.1007/s00428-023-03609-3 -
Oral Oncology Oct 2023Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a type of malignant salivary gland tumors that is extremely rare. EMC primarily affects major salivary glands, particularly...
Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a type of malignant salivary gland tumors that is extremely rare. EMC primarily affects major salivary glands, particularly the parotid gland, but minorsalivary glands are also affected. It contributes less than 0.5-1% of all salivary gland neoplasms. Multiple recurrences are relatively rare with EMC. There have been very few reports of multiplerecurrences in the literature. Biphasic tubular structures composed of externalclear cells and inner ductal cells are the distinguishing histopathological feature. However, histological variation is prevalent, making a precise diagnosis challenging. We present a case of EMC that had multiple recurrences during a six-year period.
Topics: Humans; Myoepithelioma; Carcinoma; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Salivary Glands; Recurrence; Parotid Neoplasms
PubMed: 37544042
DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2023.106538 -
International Journal of Surgical... May 2024Concurrent occurrence of schwannoma and meningiomas are rare, and are found especially in association with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). Occurrence of mixed tumor...
Concurrent occurrence of schwannoma and meningiomas are rare, and are found especially in association with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). Occurrence of mixed tumor without the aforementioned conditions is extremely rare. We present three cases of mixed tumor in different locations, including two with NF2 and one without NF2. We analyse the relationship of mixed tumor with NF2 and its clinical implications. Presence of mixed schwannoma-meningioma should prompt screening for NF2. Thus aids in early diagnosis of unsuspected NF2 cases. We observed that irrespective of different locations, cases with NF2 showed frequent recurrence of schwannoma as compared to case who did not fit in the existing clinical criteria for NF2. Collision tumor and thereby NF2 mutations indicates the prognosis and recurrence of the tumor, thereby guides in deciding the management.
Topics: Humans; Neurofibromatosis 2; Meningioma; Meningeal Neoplasms; Neurilemmoma; Carcinogenesis; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Myoepithelioma
PubMed: 37487199
DOI: 10.1177/10668969231188897