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Recent Patents on Anti-cancer Drug... Jul 2024Evodiamine (EVO) is an alkaloid extracted from the dried and nearly ripe fruits of Euodia rutaecarpa and used as an anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Evodiamine (EVO) is an alkaloid extracted from the dried and nearly ripe fruits of Euodia rutaecarpa and used as an anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity agent. However, robust evidence of preclinical experiments has been lacking so far. Therefore, the purpose of this article was to investigate the effect of EVO in combination with other treatments on tumors in animal experiments.
METHODS
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to assess the anti-tumor effect of evodiamine-combined therapy. The search engine and electronic databases included PubMed, Scopus, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database (CNKI), and SinoMed. The research method was based on the PRISMA checklist.
RESULTS
A total of 7 studies and 108 animals were included. As a result, EVO combined therapy was found to be more effective than EVO monotherapy. The SMD was -25.64(95% CI: -5.77 -3.13) in tumor growth. In tumor weight, the SMD was -8.91(95% CI: -16.37, -1.44).
CONCLUSION
EVO has the potential to alleviate the toxicity of chemotherapeutic agents, which increases the translatability to the clinical situation.
PubMed: 38956908
DOI: 10.2174/0115748928303602240610063501 -
Oral Diseases Jul 2024High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) are an established cause of oropharyngeal cancer. Their relationship with oral cancer remains unclear with detection ranging from... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) are an established cause of oropharyngeal cancer. Their relationship with oral cancer remains unclear with detection ranging from 0% to 100%. HPV DNA detection or evidence of exposure alone is insufficient to conclude causality. This systematic review assesses the extent of bias in studies of HPV detection in cancers of the oral cavity.
METHODS
PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycInfo databases were searched for observational studies reporting the effect of HPV in oral cavity specific cancers.
RESULTS
All 15 included studies presented HPV DNA detection or serum HPV-antibodies, none included mRNA E6/E7 analysis. Cases with oral cancer had 5.36 times (95% CI 3.29-8.72) higher odds of having HPV detected compared to controls. The odds of HPV detection were higher in cell-based (OR 6.93; 95% CI 0.82-58.55) and tissue samples (OR 5.28; 95% CI 3.41-8.18) than blood-based samples (OR 3.36; 95% CI 1.53-7.40).
CONCLUSION
When cancer site is clearly differentiated between oropharynx and oral cavity, 12 studies showed strong association between HPV and oral cancer, but the available estimates lack internal validity due to inconsistent measurements, high confounding, and lack of gold standard testing. There is not high-quality evidence to conclude a causal relationship of HPV with oral cancer.
PubMed: 38956902
DOI: 10.1111/odi.15062 -
The Journal of Contemporary Dental... Apr 2024The main aim of this present systematic review is to evaluate if the preservation of pericervical dentin (PCD) increases the fracture resistance of endodontically... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
The main aim of this present systematic review is to evaluate if the preservation of pericervical dentin (PCD) increases the fracture resistance of endodontically treated permanent posterior teeth.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Two independent reviewers conducted a comprehensive review of all published studies from 2007 (1/1/2007) to 2023 (31/5/23) since the concept of PCD first appeared in the literature in 2007. Searches were conducted in multiple electronic database engines: PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO (Dentistry and oral health sciences), Web of Sciences (WOS), Cochrane, Google Scholar and Open Grey, Ovid and Shodhganga, in addition to cross-references and hand search. Articles were chosen according to a certain inclusion and exclusion criteria, which, in brief, are laboratory-based studies published in English that assess the impact of PCD on fracture resistance of endodontically treated permanent posterior teeth. Using domains, such as sample size, sample dimensions, and control group as quality assessment criteria, evaluated the selected articles and classified them according to their risk of bias into low, moderate, and high. A meta-analysis was conducted using random effects modeling at a significance level of < 0.05.
RESULTS
A total of studies 6,043 were retrieved from 10 different electronic search databases and hand searches, but only 12 laboratory-based studies were selected after removing duplicates and applying the eligibility criteria. Of the included 12 studies, nine studies showed low risk of bias and three studies showed moderate risk of bias. Two studies showed related data for meta-analysis, the difference observed between the two studies is statistically non-significant.
CONCLUSION
Based on the results of the study, there is evidence to support that PCD preservation offers fracture resistance to the endodontically treated posterior teeth.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The practice of conservative cavity preparation and avoiding the usage of instruments with high taper increases the fracture resistance of the tooth by retaining the PCD. How to cite this article: Haridoss S, Rajendran M, Swaminathan K, . Impact of Pericervical Dentin on Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Posterior Permanent Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(4):372-385.
Topics: Humans; Tooth Fractures; Tooth, Nonvital; Dentin; Dental Stress Analysis; Dentition, Permanent
PubMed: 38956854
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3671 -
The Journal of Contemporary Dental... Apr 2024The aim of this study was to perform a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) applications in dental education.
AIM
The aim of this study was to perform a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) applications in dental education.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A cross-sectional research was carried out using a bibliometric methodology. This process entailed the assessment of metadata from scientific publications that are catalogued in the Scopus database, covering the period from January 2018 to August 2023. A variety of indicators were utilized to scrutinize scientific production and dissemination within the academic community. These encompassed elements such as the author, the publication itself, the number of citations, institutional and collaborative affiliations, geographical location, journal quartile ranking, h-index, Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP), Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI), SCImago Journal Rank (SJR), and the CiteScore.
RESULTS
Several institutions from different countries and their academic output were found. Beihang University stands out with 16 scholarly articles, followed by Stanford University with 16 articles and 170 citations. The Q1 quartile has experienced a steady increase, reaching 87 scientific articles. The top 10 authors in scientific production on augmented and VR in dentistry include Joe Amal Cecil, Avinash Gupta, and Miguel A Pirela-Cruz. In terms of co-authorship by country, the United States, Germany, and China are the most predominant in the clusters represented. However, other clusters also have a significant presence. By analyzing the explored trends and themes of keyword co-occurrence, four main clusters were identified. The yellow cluster contained the largest amount of research with the keyword "virtual reality." In addition, the blue cluster was found to be best related to the green "simulation," purple "virtual reality (VR)," and light blue "human-centered computing" clusters.
CONCLUSION
This study evidenced the availability and quality of the data used for the analysis. Future studies could consider the use of VR systems with integrated eye tracking and compare their effect in dentistry during dental procedures.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The clinical importance of this study lies in its potential to improve dental education. The VR and AR can provide dental students with immersive, hands-on learning experiences, which can enhance their understanding and clinical skills. Furthermore, the translational value of this study extends beyond dental education. The insights gained from this research could be applicable to other fields of medical education where hands-on training is crucial. Thus, the findings of this study have the potential to influence the broader landscape of medical education, ultimately leading to improved healthcare outcomes. How to cite this article: Alvitez-Temoche D, Silva H, Aguila ED, . Scientometric Analysis of the World Scientific Production on Augmented and Virtual Reality in Dental Education. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(4):358-364.
Topics: Bibliometrics; Education, Dental; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Virtual Reality; Augmented Reality
PubMed: 38956852
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3675 -
Brain and Behavior Jul 2024Stroke damage to the primary visual cortex induces large, homonymous visual field defects that impair daily living. Here, we asked if vision-related quality of life... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES
Stroke damage to the primary visual cortex induces large, homonymous visual field defects that impair daily living. Here, we asked if vision-related quality of life (VR-QoL) is impacted by time since stroke.
SUBJECTS/METHODS
We conducted a retrospective meta-analysis of 95 occipital stroke patients (female/male = 26/69, 27-78 years old, 0.5-373.5 months poststroke) in whom VR-QoL was estimated using the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ) and its 10-item neuro-ophthalmic supplement (Neuro10). Visual deficit severity was represented by the perimetric mean deviation (PMD) calculated from 24-2 Humphrey visual fields. Data were compared with published cohorts of visually intact controls. The relationship between VR-QoL and time poststroke was assessed across participants, adjusting for deficit severity and age with a multiple linear regression analysis.
RESULTS
Occipital stroke patients had significantly lower NEI-VFQ and Neuro10 composite scores than controls. All subscale scores describing specific aspects of visual ability and functioning were impaired except for ocular pain and general health, which did not differ significantly from controls. Surprisingly, visual deficit severity was not correlated with either composite score, both of which increased with time poststroke, even when adjusting for PMD and age.
CONCLUSIONS
VR-QoL appears to improve with time postoccipital stroke, irrespective of visual deficit size or patient age at insult. This may reflect the natural development of compensatory strategies and lifestyle adjustments. Thus, future studies examining the impact of rehabilitation on daily living in this patient population should consider the possibility that their VR-QoL may change gradually over time, even without therapeutic intervention.
Topics: Humans; Quality of Life; Female; Middle Aged; Male; Stroke; Aged; Adult; Retrospective Studies; Vision Disorders; Occipital Lobe; Visual Fields
PubMed: 38956813
DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3582 -
Otology & Neurotology : Official... Jul 2024To systematically review how audiometric data change over time in patients with Menière's disease (MD) undergoing non-ablative medical therapy.
OBJECTIVE
To systematically review how audiometric data change over time in patients with Menière's disease (MD) undergoing non-ablative medical therapy.
DATABASES REVIEWED
Medline (via PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Google Scholar.
METHODS
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature was performed. Adult patients undergoing non-ablative medical therapy and reported duration of disease or follow-up were included and pooled estimates of pure-tone average (PTA) were tabulated. Studies were excluded if they did not use established MD, did not have pure-tone average (PTA) audiometric data, underwent ear surgery or ablative therapies, and were systematic reviews or case reports.
RESULTS
Out of 198 articles meeting full eligibility, 13 studies, involving 950 patients with MD, were included in the review and further analyzed. No effect on progression of PTA from initial diagnosis was seen between the different medical therapies within 2 years of non-ablative medical treatment. There was a significant worsening of PTA after 2 year, regardless of treatment used. High levels of heterogeneity among studies were noted up to 6 months from diagnosis (I2 = 79%), likely reflecting differences in patient characteristics, treatment regimens, and study design. Overall, the risk of bias was low for the majority of included studies.
CONCLUSIONS
Patients diagnosed with MD who are undergoing non-ablative medical therapy should be counseled on the likelihood of worsening of hearing loss over the course of the disease despite elected treatment.
PubMed: 38956802
DOI: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000004251 -
Otology & Neurotology : Official... Jul 2024To characterize the pattern of hearing loss in Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease to help guide clinical management.
OBJECTIVE
To characterize the pattern of hearing loss in Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease to help guide clinical management.
DATABASES REVIEWED
CINAHL, PubMed, and Scopus.
METHODS
Two independent investigators selected studies on CMT patients with pure-tone average (PTA) and auditory brainstem response (ABR) data. Case reports, case series <5 patients, and data that overlapped with another study were excluded. Investigators performed data extraction, quality rating, and risk-of-bias assessment using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis of mean difference using fixed/random effects models was used. Also, data were analyzed using a weighted one-way analysis of variance, with post-hoc Tukey's test for comparison.
RESULTS
Ultimately, 6 prospective studies (N = 197) were included. The most common demyelinating subtype (CMT1A) had significantly prolonged ABR latency values across wave III (0.20 ms, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.05-0.35), wave V (0.20 ms, 95% CI: 0.01-0.39), waves I-III (0.20 ms, 95% CI: 0.01-0.39), and waves I-V (0.20 ms, 95% CI: 0.01-0.39) when compared to matched controls. The autosomal recessive demyelinating subtype (CMT4C) had significantly worse PTA when compared to the most common subtype (CMT1A) (Δ 28.93 dB, 95% CI 18.34-39.52) and nondemyelinating subtype (CMT2A) (Δ 28.3 dB, 95% CI: 15.98-40.62).
CONCLUSIONS
Patients with CMT can present with a variety of phenotypes depending on the causative mutation. The ABR interpeak latency values for the most common demyelinating form of CMT are delayed when compared to matched controls. Most subtypes have normal hearing thresholds, apart from CMT4C, which presents with mild hearing loss on average.
PubMed: 38956759
DOI: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000004243 -
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery Jul 2024Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a common valvular heart disease worldwide, and current guidelines for TR treatment are relatively conservative, as well as with... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a common valvular heart disease worldwide, and current guidelines for TR treatment are relatively conservative, as well as with detrimental outcomes. Restoration of sinus rhythm was reported to improve the TR severity in those TR patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, relevant research was limited. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of restoration of sinus rhythm in TR patients with AF.
METHODS
In this study, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched for study enrollment until July 2023. This study was designed under the guidance of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. These studies containing the patient's baseline characteristics, surgical procedure, and at least one of the clinical outcomes were included. The primary endpoint was TR grade during follow-up after restoration of sinus rhythm.
RESULTS
Out of 1074 records, 6 were enrolled. Restoration of sinus rhythm is associated with a reduction of TR severity (TR grade, odds ratio 0.11, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.01 to 1.28, P = 0.08, I = 83%; TR area, mean difference (MD) -2.19 cm, 95% CI: -4.17 to -0.21 cm, P = 0.03, I = 96%). Additionally, remolding of right heart with a significant reduction of tricuspid valve annulus diameter (MD -0.36 cm, 95%CI: -0.47 to -0.26 cm, P < 0.00001, I = 29%) and right atrium volume index (MD -11.10 mL/m, 95%CI: -16.81 to -5.39 mL/m, P = 0.0001, I = 79%) was observed during follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, rhythm-control therapy could reduce TR severity in AF patients with TR and is associated with right heart remodeling.
Topics: Atrial Fibrillation; Humans; Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency; Heart Rate
PubMed: 38956670
DOI: 10.1186/s13019-024-02891-9 -
Systematic Reviews Jul 2024The acute and long-term benefits of exercise training on cardiovascular health have been well established. The systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The acute and long-term benefits of exercise training on cardiovascular health have been well established. The systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to systematically assess the effectiveness of exercise training on arterial stiffness and blood pressure among postmenopausal women with elevated blood pressure.
METHODS
A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, ProQuest, Cochrane Library, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov website from inception to September 30, 2023, to identify the randomized controlled trials (RCTs), which evaluated the effectiveness of exercise training on arterial stiffness and blood pressure in postmenopausal women. Standardized mean differences (SMD), weighted mean differences (WMD), and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using random/fixed effects models. Quality assessment was performed using the modified Jadad scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were conducted based on drug dosage, treatment duration, and age of administration to further explore potential heterogeneity. Funnel plots were performed to assess publication bias and Begg's regression test was carried out for funnel plot asymmetry.
RESULTS
Twenty-two RCTs involving 1978 participants were included in the quantitative analysis. The mean quality of eligible studies was 4.2 out of 7 based on the modified Jadad scale. The results indicated that exercise training had a significant effect on reducing brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity [MD = - 0.69, 95%CI (- 1.11, - 0.27), P = 0.001], decreasing augmentation index (AIx) [MD = - 6.00, 95%CI (- 6.39, - 5.61), P < 0.00001] and AIx normalized to a heart rate of 75 beats per minute (AIx@75%) [MD = - 7.01, 95%CI - 7.91 to - 6.12, P < 0.00001], lowering systolic blood pressure [MD = - 6.19, 95%CI - 9.24 to - 3.15, P < 0.0001], diastolic blood pressure [MD = - 3.57, 95%CI (- 6.10, - 1.03), P = 0.006) and pulse pressure [MD = - 8.52, 95%CI (- 16.27, - 0.76), P = 0.03]. Subgroup analysis revealed that baseline blood pressure levels had a large impact on the effect of exercise training.
CONCLUSIONS
The systematic review and meta-analysis suggested that exercise training may ameliorate arterial stiffness and reduce blood pressure in postmenopausal women with elevated blood pressure. However, the optimal mode of exercise training that improves arterial stiffness and blood pressure in this population requires further investigation.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
PROSPERO CRD42021211268.
Topics: Humans; Vascular Stiffness; Postmenopause; Female; Blood Pressure; Exercise; Pulse Wave Analysis; Hypertension; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Exercise Therapy
PubMed: 38956626
DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02589-y -
BMC Infectious Diseases Jul 2024Infections due to Citrobacter species are increasingly observed in hospitalized patients and are often multidrug-resistant. Yet, the magnitude and burden of Citrobacter... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Infections due to Citrobacter species are increasingly observed in hospitalized patients and are often multidrug-resistant. Yet, the magnitude and burden of Citrobacter spp. resistance in the hospital setting have not been reported. We aimed to evaluate the epidemiology of Citrobacter spp. infections among hospitalized patients, their main resistance patterns and Citrobacter spp. involvement in hospital outbreaks.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published literature (PROSPERO registration Jan-2023, CRD42023390084). We searched Embase, Medline and grey literature for studies on hospitalized patients diagnosed with Citrobacter spp. infections, and nosocomial outbreaks due to Citrobacter spp. published during the years 2000-2022. We included observational, interventional, surveillance studies and outbreak reports. Outcomes of interest were the frequency of Citrobacter spp. infections among hospitalized patients and 3rd generation cephalosporin and/or carbapenem resistance percentages in these infections. We used random-effects models to generate pooled outcome estimates and evaluated risk of bias and quality of reporting of outbreaks.
RESULTS
We screened 1609 deduplicated publications, assessed 148 full-texts, and included 41 studies (15 observational, 13 surveillance and 13 outbreak studies). Citrobacter spp. urinary tract- and bloodstream infections were most frequently reported, with Citrobacter freundii being the main causative species. Hospital-acquired infection occurred in 85% (838/990) of hospitalized patients with Citrobacter infection. After 2010, an increasing number of patients with Citrobacter spp. infections was reported in observational studies. Pooled frequency estimates for Citrobacter spp. infections could not be generated due to lack of data. The pooled prevalence of ESBL and carbapenemase producers among Citrobacter isolates were 22% (95%CI 4-50%, 7 studies) and 18% (95%CI 0-63%, 4 studies), respectively. An increased frequency of reported Citrobacter outbreaks was observed after 2016, with an infection/colonization ratio of 1:3 and a case-fatality ratio of 7% (6/89 patients). Common outbreak sources were sinks, toilets, contaminated food and injection material. Implemented preventive measures included environmental cleaning, isolation of positive patients and reinforcement of hand hygiene. Only seven out of 13 outbreaks (54%) were definitively controlled.
CONCLUSION
This review highlights the clinical importance of endemic and epidemic Citrobacter spp. in healthcare settings. As an emerging, multidrug‑resistant nosocomial pathogen it requires heightened awareness and further dedicated surveillance efforts.
Topics: Humans; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Citrobacter; Cross Infection; Hospitalization; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Disease Outbreaks; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Urinary Tract Infections
PubMed: 38956542
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09575-8