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Current Opinion in Otolaryngology &... Dec 2023This review describes the fundamental principles and recent advances in the reconstruction of total lower lip defects to restore peri-oral aesthetic and function. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
This review describes the fundamental principles and recent advances in the reconstruction of total lower lip defects to restore peri-oral aesthetic and function.
RECENT FINDINGS
Modifications to the Abbe flap and visor flap have recently been described. Recent advances to free flap techniques have focused on dynamic restoration of lower lip sling function after reconstruction. This involves the transfer of innervated or noninnervated muscle tissue to reconstruct the lower lip to restore the sphincter function of the lips.
SUMMARY
The reconstructive goals for a full thickness lower lip defect are to restore a functional oral sphincter, replace mucosal and external skin, and maintain a functional size of the oral aperture. Local flap reconstruction of sub-total lower lip defects is possible, but use of local flaps for total lip reconstruction often leads to microstomia. Several static and dynamic free tissue transfer options exist for lower lip reconstruction and have been summarized in this review.
Topics: Humans; Lip; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Surgical Flaps; Lip Neoplasms
PubMed: 37831498
DOI: 10.1097/MOO.0000000000000926 -
The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery Sep 2023The surgical requirement for cleft lip and palate repair remains unmet in many developing areas of the world, including remote regions of Ghana. This article reviews the...
INTRODUCTION
The surgical requirement for cleft lip and palate repair remains unmet in many developing areas of the world, including remote regions of Ghana. This article reviews the utilization of Internet education and online consultation for cleft lip and palate surgical training in Sunyani Regional Hospital (SRH), Ghana.
METHODS
The cleft lip and palate treatment was promoted to patients in remote areas of Sunyani, Ghana region, through a charitable outreach program. These basic designs and settings were managed by local participants such as doctors, residents, nurses, and staff in SRH, Ghana.
RESULTS
From November 2014 to December 2020, the authors collaborated in surgical treatment for 84 cases that were diagnosed with unilateral cleft lip, bilateral cleft lip, hard and soft palate cleft, and microstomia. The type of surgery has varied and has included cheiloplasty, palatoplasty, and others. The average scores of esthetic outcome evaluation were nasal form=2.4, symmetry of the nose=2.9, and vermillion border=2.9. Through the program, the surgeons and residents became significantly more proficient at cleft lip and palate surgery. The seminar topics have covered essential and sustainable topics based on SRH's current needs and showed the effectiveness in the current coronavirus disease-19 pandemic situation.
CONCLUSIONS
The shortage of orofacial cleft surgeons working in rural areas like Sunyani, Ghana, remains an obstacle that poses a challenge to any effort to improve health care quality in these rural communities. Sustainable remote education is essential for the training of local cleft surgeons to fill this local need; our collaborative and charitable program could be a recommended education design for cleft surgeons and institutes for their sustainable education.
PubMed: 37750711
DOI: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000009759 -
International Journal of Clinical... Aug 2023Moebius syndrome (MBS) is a rare congenital nonprogressive neuromuscular disorder characterized by partial or complete, unilateral or bilateral paralysis of the facial...
UNLABELLED
Moebius syndrome (MBS) is a rare congenital nonprogressive neuromuscular disorder characterized by partial or complete, unilateral or bilateral paralysis of the facial (VII) and abducens (VI) cranial nerves (CNs). In this syndrome bilateral facial palsy may occur with the involvement of VII CN and impaired eye movements can be there because of the involvement of VI CN. It can also be associated with other CN palsies, orofacial anomalies, and limb defects. MBS is diagnosed exclusively on the basis of clinical criteria, although causative genetic patterns are being documented in recent studies. The present case report describes the dental management of a 5-year-old child diagnosed with MBS. The child presented with the abnormal shape of legs, incomplete eye closure during sleep, inability to smile, lingual hypoplasia, microstomia, and hypoplastic teeth among other dental-skeletal abnormalities, and a clinical diagnosis of MBS was made.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Mittal M, Kumar A, Chopra R, Diagnosis and Dental Management of a Child with Moebius Syndrome: A Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(S-1):S109-S112.
PubMed: 37663216
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2626 -
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and... Sep 2023Lower lip reconstruction has been a major challenge for the reconstructive surgeons since time immemorial. Various types of reconstruction had been described for the...
A Novel Technique to Convert Static Sling into a Dynamic Sling in Reconstruction of Total Lower Lip Defects Using Palmaris Longus Tendon with Free Radial Forearm Flap and Case Series.
Lower lip reconstruction has been a major challenge for the reconstructive surgeons since time immemorial. Various types of reconstruction had been described for the reconstruction of lower lip ranging from local flaps to free tissue transfer to free functioning muscle transfer. For complete lower lip defects, the free radial forearm flap with palmaris longus tendon has been the standard of reconstruction for many years. Literatures suggests various techniques for utilizing palmaris longus tendon sling as a static as well as dynamic structure. The limitation with static reconstruction is the loss of sling support with time leading to eversion and drooping of the reconstructed lower lip and drooling of saliva. In this article we describe a simpler and novel technique which converts static reconstruction into a dynamic one with a series of 5 patients. Aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the post operative functional and aesthetic outcome of our technique of total lower lip reconstruction using free radial forearm flap with palmaris longus sling reconstruction. The medical records included were demographics, including age, gender, and reason for the acquired defect, lip reconstructed, reconstructive method, flap survival, and outcomes. At 6 months follow up, all patients had satisfactory outcome and were able to take oral diets and none of the patients complained of drooling, an inability to eat in a public setting, or microstomia. This technique which is a simpler modification can be helpful in converting the traditional static sling reconstruction of lower lip into a dynamic one resulting in good aesthetic and functional outcomes.
PubMed: 37636679
DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-03789-z -
Neurology India 2023We report a 24-year-old male with blepharophimosis, psychomotor retardation, brachycephaly, microstomia, immobile face, high arched palate, single palmar crease,...
We report a 24-year-old male with blepharophimosis, psychomotor retardation, brachycephaly, microstomia, immobile face, high arched palate, single palmar crease, kyphoscoliosis, talipes equinovarus, inguinal hernia, pyloric stenosis, recurrent infections, bilateral camptodactyly, wide-set eyes, decreased muscle mass, hypotonia, exotropia, and ptosis in the left eye, growth retardation, multiple congenital contractures, and hyporreflexia. Contractures improved with aging, but intellectual disability and blepharophimosis remained. He also presented epilepsy, outbursts of laughter, and predisposition to drug adverse effects (skin lesions with carbamazepine and secondary parkinsonism).
Topics: Male; Humans; Young Adult; Adult; Blepharophimosis; Syndrome; Abnormalities, Multiple; Contracture; Intellectual Disability
PubMed: 37635513
DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.383870 -
Cureus Jul 2023Otocephaly is a rare congenital abnormality characterized by the absence or underdevelopment of the mandible, misplacement of the ears towards the front, a small mouth,...
Otocephaly is a rare congenital abnormality characterized by the absence or underdevelopment of the mandible, misplacement of the ears towards the front, a small mouth, and absence or underdevelopment of the tongue. The syndrome complex of otocephaly can be categorized into four types based on associated anomalies. We present a case of this congenital anomaly in a newborn baby delivered by a 40-year-old woman who presented in active labor with premature rupture of membranes. Unfortunately, the newborn did not survive due to severe respiratory distress, which was consistent with the clinical features of this congenital anomaly. The rarity of otocephaly poses challenges for both parents and healthcare providers. Early antenatal scans are suggested for the early diagnosis of this condition. Further research and awareness are needed to better understand and manage this rare congenital disorder.
PubMed: 37575700
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41767 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Jun 2023Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a genetically inherited disease characterized by recurrent bullae and erosions on the skin with numerous signs of dental caries and poor...
Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a genetically inherited disease characterized by recurrent bullae and erosions on the skin with numerous signs of dental caries and poor oral hygiene. The aim of this study was to investigate the general clinical and oral findings of patients with EB. In this prospective study, the clinical and oral findings and family history of 26 cases with EB were evaluated. The type of EB, gender, age, parental consanguinity, dental caries, oral findings, distribution of lesions and presence of associated anomalies, clinical and oral findings correlated with gender were recorded. All 26 patients with EB had a history of consanguinity and siblings with EB to varying degrees. In our study, malnutrition, anemia and growth retardation, gastrointestinal system complications, hair thinning, hand and nail deformity, ocular problems and renal disease (in one case) were observed with variable frequencies. When the intraoral findings of the patients were investigated, extensive dental caries in all EB types, enamel hypoplasia in junctional EB (JEB) and the presence of tooth-root to be extracted in dystrophic EB (DEB), intraoral bullae and lesions, ankyloglossia, vestibular sulcus insufficiency, microstomia and maxillary atrophy were observed. Three cases had restorative treatment and one case had prosthetic rehabilitation. Oral involvement can be seen with varying frequencies depending on the type of EB and the severity of the disease. It may result from delayed oral and dental rehabilitation due to physical disabilities, limitations and more pressing medical problems. Microstomy, pain from mucosal lesions, and restricted access to the mouth can be caused by poor oral hygiene. Oral complications and caloric needs of individuals with EB should be determined, and individual prophylaxis should be applied to prevent caries formation and protect teeth.
Topics: Humans; Blister; Prospective Studies; Dental Caries; Epidermolysis Bullosa; Mouth
PubMed: 37511997
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59071185 -
Clinical Case Reports Jul 2023Lethal multiple pterygium syndrome is a very rare genetic disorder. The manifestations of this condition include growth deficiency of the fetus, craniofacial anomalies,...
Lethal multiple pterygium syndrome is a very rare genetic disorder. The manifestations of this condition include growth deficiency of the fetus, craniofacial anomalies, joint contracture, and skin webbing (pterygia). This disorder is fatal before birth or shortly after birth. We reported a case of lethal multiple pterygium syndrome with multiple anomalies including pterygia involving the axilla, bilateral antecubital fossa, and groin. Arthrogryposis involving multiple lower and upper extremities joints. Cleft palate, microstomia and limitation of mouth opening, webbed neck, asymmetric small and narrow chest, ambiguous genitalia, depressed and wide nasal bridge, antemongoloid slant, low-set, malformed, and posteriorly rotated ears, pterygia, syndactyly and camptodactyly of hands and rocket bottom feet. LMPS is a congenital genetic disease with multiple anomalies that is fatal in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy or shortly after birth. With genetic testing and counseling, it can be prevented from recurring in subsequent pregnancies.
PubMed: 37448946
DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7678 -
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Jul 2023Providing fixed implant-supported prostheses for edentulous patients with microstomia or limited mouth opening is challenging. The clinical treatment of a patient who...
Prosthetic rehabilitation of a completely edentulous maxilla with a sectioned implant-supported screw-retained prosthesis in a multiamputee patient with microstomia: A clinical report.
Providing fixed implant-supported prostheses for edentulous patients with microstomia or limited mouth opening is challenging. The clinical treatment of a patient who was a multiple amputee with microstomia and a complete loss of lips elasticity is described. A custom half-sectioned prosthesis was fabricated to resolve numerous difficulties. A screw-retained complete implant-supported prosthesis was developed from a monolithic zirconia framework supported by 4 implants and with digital scanning and computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing of the prosthesis. The protocol achieved a complete screw-retained implant-supported prosthesis and offered a solution for a patient with microstomia and limited mouth opening, leading to improved quality of life.
PubMed: 37442751
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.05.035 -
JA Clinical Reports Jul 2023Freeman-Sheldon syndrome (FSS) is a rare disorder characterized by specific deformities of the extremities and face. There have been no reports of open-heart surgery in...
BACKGROUND
Freeman-Sheldon syndrome (FSS) is a rare disorder characterized by specific deformities of the extremities and face. There have been no reports of open-heart surgery in pediatric patients with FSS.
CASE PRESENTATION
We present the case of an 8-year-old girl with FSS who underwent atrial septal defect closure. Tracheal intubation was uncomplicated, although the patient had microstomia. Inhalational anesthetics and dopamine antagonists were avoided intraoperatively and perioperatively. We chose dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant for postoperative pain management contributing to adequate analgesia and early extubation without causing respiratory depression.
CONCLUSIONS
Anesthetic management of FSS requires consideration for airway management and prevention of malignant hyperthermia and respiratory complications. We successfully managed the case avoiding the use of malignant hyperthermia-triggering drugs.
PubMed: 37438578
DOI: 10.1186/s40981-023-00633-9