-
Research Quarterly For Exercise and... Jun 2024The present study aimed to identify parameters that best discriminate between high-level and scholar-level players for the Brazilian 13-14-year-old girl's handball and...
The present study aimed to identify parameters that best discriminate between high-level and scholar-level players for the Brazilian 13-14-year-old girl's handball and propose a mathematical model to identify sports talent for handball. The sample was made up of all available handball players comprising these two groups: 100 girls who participated in the high-level handball championship in Brazil and 53 girls (age 13-14 years) as finalists of the school-level games in one region of Brazil. We assess the anthropometric profile, maturity offset, physical fitness, and technical skills for handball. To propose the equation, the Discriminant Function Analysis method was used. The discriminant function was significant ( ≤ .05), had a good canonical correlation (0.590), and still had an average Wilk Lambda (0.652). The variables considered in the talent identification model included: 1. flexibility, 2. abdominal strength, 3. lower limbs muscle power, 4. agility, 5. defensive movement and 6. slalom with ball. The values from the equation for identifying school-age athletes with high motor skills and performance for handball can be classified by a cutoff point (Y = 0.192). The results showed that the mathematical-model obtained was able to select school-age athletes with high motor skills for handball, and with the profile for participation in high-level championships.
PubMed: 38941625
DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2024.2358962 -
Neurological Sciences : Official... Jun 2024Home-based rehabilitation is a cost-effective means of making services available for patients. The aim of this study is to determine the evidence in the literature on... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Home-based rehabilitation is a cost-effective means of making services available for patients. The aim of this study is to determine the evidence in the literature on the effects of home-based neurostimulation in patients with stroke.
METHOD
We searched PubMED, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and CENTRAL for randomized controlled trials on the subject matter using keywords such as stroke, electrical stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation. Information on participants' characteristics and mean scores on the outcomes of interest were extracted. Risks of bias and methodological quality of the included studies were assessed using Cochrane Risks of bias tool and PEDro scale respectively. The data was analyzed using both narrative and quantitative syntheses. In the quantitative synthesis, meta-analysis was carried out using random effect model analysis.
RESULT
The results showed that, home-based neurostimulation is superior to the control at improving upper limb muscle strength (SMD = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.08 to 1.32, p = 0.03), functional mobility (SMD = -0.39, 95% CI = -0.65 to 0.14, p = 0.003) and walking endurance (SMD = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.08 to 0.59, p = 0.01) post intervention; and upper limb motor function (SMD = 0.9, 95% CI = 0.10 to 1.70, p = 0.03), functional mobility (SMD = -0.30, 95% CI = -0.56 to -0.05, p = 0.02) and walking endurance (SMD = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.08 to 0.59, p = 0.01) at follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS
Home-based neurostimulation can be used to improve upper and lower limb function after stroke.
PubMed: 38940876
DOI: 10.1007/s10072-024-07633-2 -
Alternative Therapies in Health and... Jun 2024To evaluate the effectiveness of FLS model nursing in the rehabilitation of elderly patients after femoral neck fracture surgery.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effectiveness of FLS model nursing in the rehabilitation of elderly patients after femoral neck fracture surgery.
METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed data from 89 elderly patients treated surgically for femoral neck fractures, comparing outcomes between those receiving routine nursing (control group, n=44) and FLS model nursing interventions (observation group, n=45). Key metrics included rehabilitation process indicators, hip joint function, self-efficacy, perceived burden, limb stability, and adverse reactions.
RESULTS
The observation group showed significantly shorter first out-of-bed time, time for pain disappearance, and length of hospital stay compared to the control group. The observation group also exhibited significantly higher scores in pain, gait, functional activities, and deformity/mobility assessments after the intervention compared to the control group. The GSES score was significantly higher and the SPB score was significantly lower in the observation group after the intervention compared to the control group. The observation group demonstrated significantly higher levels of dynamic balance ability, lower limb muscle strength, and mobile walking ability than the control group. The incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower in the observation group (8.89%) compared to the control group (36.36%).
CONCLUSION
FLS model nursing intervention has a significant positive effect on the rehabilitation of elderly patients undergoing surgery for femoral neck fractures. Compared to routine nursing intervention, the FLS model nursing intervention can further promote postoperative recovery of hip joint function, improve self-efficacy, alleviate the self-perceived burden, shorten the rehabilitation process, and reduce the risk of adverse postoperative reactions. These findings suggest the FLS model nursing approach holds promise for broader clinical adoption and implementation.
PubMed: 38940811
DOI: No ID Found -
Alternative Therapies in Health and... Jun 2024To observe the application of micro-implant anchorage (MIA) combined with Proxomed Tergumed (PT) system in patients with malocclusion combined with lumbar disc...
OBJECTIVE
To observe the application of micro-implant anchorage (MIA) combined with Proxomed Tergumed (PT) system in patients with malocclusion combined with lumbar disc herniation (LDH).
METHODS
60 patients with malocclusion combined with LDH from February 2021 to December 2022 were randomly divided into two groups. 30 cases in Group A were treated with MIA combined with conventional training, while 30 cases in Group B were treated with MIA combined with rehabilitation training of the PT system. All patients in the two groups received intervention for 30 days. The clinical efficacy, waist, and back function [Oswestry Disability Index (ODI)], low back pain [visual analogue scale (VAS)], and waist and back muscle-related indicators [Range of motion (ROM) and isometric strength (IMS)] of the two groups were compared.
RESULTS
Group B had better overall treatment efficacy and a higher overall response rate compared to Group A (P < .05). There was no significant difference in ODI, VAS scores of lumbago, ROM, and IMS between the two groups before the treatment (P > .05). On the second week of treatment and at the end of treatment, the ODI and VAS scores of Group B were significantly lower than those of Group A (P < .05). At the end of treatment, the ROM and IMS of Group B were significantly higher than that of Group A (P < .05).
CONCLUSION
PT system rehabilitation training combined with MIA can improve the clinical efficacy of patients with malocclusion combined with LDH, which is conducive to improving the patients' lumbar back muscle function and relieving low back pain. It is recommended to be used in patients with clinically related complications.
PubMed: 38940804
DOI: No ID Found -
Sarcoidosis, Vasculitis, and Diffuse... Jun 2024Adequate respiratory muscle strength is required to meet the increased ventilatory demand during physical activities. However, it is not well known whether respiratory...
BACKGROUND
Adequate respiratory muscle strength is required to meet the increased ventilatory demand during physical activities. However, it is not well known whether respiratory muscle strength is impaired in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between respiratory muscle strength and exercise capacity, quality of life, physical activity level, and fatigue in IPF patients.
METHODS
The study comprised 30 individuals with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and 30 healthy controls. Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) were measured to assess respiratory muscle strength. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form, 6-minute walk test distance (6MWD), St George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) were employed to evaluate physical activity level, exercise capacity, quality of life, and fatigue severity, respectively.
RESULTS
MIP (81±29 vs.73±20 cmH2O) and MEP (93±31 vs. 93±34 cmH2O) did not differ significantly between IPF patients and controls (p>0.05). In patients with IPF, MIP was significantly correlated with 6MWD (r=0.533), SGRQ (r=-0.428), and FSS (r=-0.433). Multivariate models including MIP, MEP, FEV1, FVC, and PA level explained 74% of the variance in the 6MWD (p<0.001), and MIP, FEV1, and PA level were independent predictors of the 6MWD, with FEV1 being the strongest predictor (β=0.659). Multivariate models predicting SGRQ revealed none of MIP, FEV1 or PA level was directly influencing the SGRQ score.
CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that patients with IPF do not have respiratory muscle weakness. Inspiratory muscle strength has a direct influence on exercise capacity but an indirect effect on quality of life, probably by influencing exercise capacity.
PubMed: 38940715
DOI: 10.36141/svdld.v41i2.14884 -
Public Health Nursing (Boston, Mass.) Jun 2024Somatosensory game interventions have been used to rehabilitate hospitalized older adults. However, their application in prefrail older adults in the community is poorly...
BACKGROUND
Somatosensory game interventions have been used to rehabilitate hospitalized older adults. However, their application in prefrail older adults in the community is poorly understood, hindering the development of effective intervention strategies and exercise diversification.
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to explore the experiences of prefrail Chinese older adults engaging in somatosensory gaming interventions and thus develop tailored intervention frameworks and support strategies.
METHODS
We conducted semistructured interviews with 12 prefrail older adults who participated in a 12-week sensory game intervention study from August to September 2022. The interviews were analyzed using Nvivo 11.0 software following Colaizzi's seven-step analysis method.
RESULTS
Somatosensory game intervention experiences were classified into four main themes and 11 subthemes: health intervention effects (enhanced limb muscle strength, improved reaction capacity, alleviated negative emotions), positive experiences (enhanced self-achievement, increased exercise motivation, elevated social engagement), negative experiences (frustration from unmet score expectations, initial discomfort), and intervention requirements (sustained interventions, technical support, personalized content).
CONCLUSION
The findings have implications for somatosensory game interventions targeting prefrail older adults in the community.
PubMed: 38940496
DOI: 10.1111/phn.13366 -
Innovation in Aging 2024Exercise may reverse functional decline in hospitalized older adults, but the optimal duration is unclear. This study examined the potential relationship between...
Dose-Response Relationship Between Exercise Duration and Enhanced Function and Cognition in Acutely Hospitalized Older Adults: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Exercise may reverse functional decline in hospitalized older adults, but the optimal duration is unclear. This study examined the potential relationship between in-hospital multicomponent exercise program duration and changes in physical function, cognition, and muscle function to maximize exercise-related health benefits in acutely hospitalized older patients.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This secondary analysis of a multicenter randomized controlled trial examined the relationship between the duration of an in-hospital multicomponent exercise program and changes in physical function, cognition, and muscle strength in 570 acutely hospitalized older adults. Participants completed 3, 4, or 5-7 consecutive days of exercise based on the progression of their acute medical illness. The acute clinical condition of the older patients was similar across the study groups (i.e., 3/4/5-7 days) at admission. Outcomes included the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) for functional capacity, Gait Velocity Test for gait speed, handgrip for muscle strength, and cognitive tests.
RESULTS
Of the 570 patients included in the analysis, 298 were women (52.3%), and the mean () age was 87.3 (4.8) years. Exercise groups increased SPPB scores compared with controls, with gains of 1.09 points after three days, 1.97 points after four days, and 2.02 points after 5-7 days ( < .001). The 4-day program showed the most significant benefit for functional capacity. Gait velocity increased by 0.11 m/s after 4 and 5-7 days ( = .032). Similar dose-response relationships were seen for handgrip strength and cognition, with 5-7 days showing more significant gains than three days ( < .05).
DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS
Multicomponent exercise programs enhance physical and cognitive function in hospitalized older adults, regardless of exercise dosage. A 4-day program significantly boosts functional capacity, although 5-7 days improves handgrip strength and cognition, highlighting the importance of exercise dosage in countering functional decline. Implementing evidence-based inpatient exercise prescriptions can help reverse muscle weakness and improve cognitive and physical function.Clinical Trial Registration: NCT04600453.
PubMed: 38939651
DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igae053 -
Parkinson's Disease 2024Postural instability and gait difficulties (PIGD) are a significant cause of falls, mobility loss, and lower quality of life in Parkinson's disease (PD). The connection...
BACKGROUND
Postural instability and gait difficulties (PIGD) are a significant cause of falls, mobility loss, and lower quality of life in Parkinson's disease (PD). The connection between PD progression and diminished strength in the lower limbs has been acknowledged. However, the identification of specific muscle groups linked to PIGD and non-PIGD motor features is still unknown.
OBJECTIVE
To explore the relationship between the strength of specific lower limb muscle groups, along with muscle mass, and their associations with PIGD, PIGD subtypes, and non-PIGD motor features in PD.
METHODS
95 PD participants underwent detailed motor and non-motor test batteries, including lower limb isometric strength testing and whole-body lean mass assessments. Correlation analysis and univariate and multivariate linear/logistic forward stepwise regression were performed to test associations between PIGD and non-PIGD motor features with normalized value (z-score) of lower limb muscle strength and measures of lean mass.
RESULTS
Multivariate regression analysis, adjusted for age, gender, and levodopa equivalent dose, revealed that hip abductor strength was significantly associated with overall PIGD motor severity ratings ( < 0.001), impaired balance ( < 0.001), and non-PIGD Parkinsonian motor features ( < 0.001). Conversely, hip extensor strength was significantly associated with falls, slow walking, and FoG motor features (=0.016; =0.003; =0.020, respectively).
CONCLUSION
We found that lower hip abductor strength was associated with PIGD and non-PIGD motor features. The association between non-PIGD motor features may suggest specific vulnerability of the hip abductors as part of a proposed brain-muscle loop hypothesis in PD. Moreover, lower hip extensor strength correlated with falls, slow walking, and FoG.
PubMed: 38939534
DOI: 10.1155/2024/5580870 -
Frontiers in Surgery 2024Cervical spondylotic amyotrophy (CSA) is a special type of cervical spondylosis based on cervical degeneration, which is mainly manifested by weakness and atrophy of...
BACKGROUND
Cervical spondylotic amyotrophy (CSA) is a special type of cervical spondylosis based on cervical degeneration, which is mainly manifested by weakness and atrophy of upper limb muscles without obvious sensory impairment. Various diagnostic and treatment strategies used; however, discrepancies exist. We tried to discuss diagnosing and treating CSA.
METHODS
15 patients with CSA were diagnosed in the Orthopedics Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, aged 42-70 years old. The duration of preoperative symptoms of amyotrophy was 6 to 240 months. 12 patients received surgical treatment, and 3 patients received conservative treatment. The patients were divided into two groups according to the site of preoperative amyotrophy. The manual muscle test was used to evaluate the patients' muscle strength pre-and postoperatively.
RESULTS
During postoperative follow-up, the muscle strength of 12 patients improved to different degrees compared to before surgery. The improvement effect was excellent in 2 cases, good in 6, and moderate in 4. There was no decrease in postoperative muscle strength compared with that before surgery. The satisfaction rate of the effect was 66.7%. The two groups had no statistically significant difference in preoperative muscle strength. The postoperative muscle strength of the proximal group was significantly better than that of the distal group.
CONCLUSION
The surgical effect of CSA of the proximal type is significantly better than that of the distal type. The recovery effect of amyotrophy after surgery for distal type CSA is poor; thus, surgical treatment should be carefully considered.
PubMed: 38939077
DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2024.1409283 -
Health status and quality of life before critical illness: Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 study.Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica Jun 2024Previous findings support the claim intensive care unit (ICU) patients have a higher rate of comorbidities and reduction of health- and functional status compared with...
BACKGROUND
Previous findings support the claim intensive care unit (ICU) patients have a higher rate of comorbidities and reduction of health- and functional status compared with the normal population.
AIM
In this prospective observational study, our aim was to determine those health-related factors at the age of 31 years which were associated with a later critical illness among previously un-hospitalized individuals by exploring data obtained from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC1966).
METHODS
NFBC1966 is a Finnish birth cohort, which includes 12,058 live births with expected dates of delivery during 1966. The study was conducted among cohort participants who had not been hospitalized for any reason before the cohort follow-up visit at the age of 31. The study group included NFBC1966 participants who were admitted to the ICU of the Oulu University Hospital. The control group included participants who were treated for any reason in regular hospital wards. The data considering the participants' health status and behavior at the age of 31 were collected from the NFBC1966 database. The gathering of ICU and hospitalization data was concluded on December 31, 2016.
RESULTS
849 NFBC1966 participants met the inclusion criteria: 69 were treated in the ICU (study group) and 780 on regular hospital wards (controls). In the study group, the rate of neurological diseases (26% vs. 16%, 95% CI: -21.8%, -0.2%), malignancy (3% vs. 0.7%, 95% CI: -9.7%, 0.0%), alcohol abuse (4.5% vs. 1%, 95% CI: -11.5%, -0.3%) and smoking (77% vs. 65%, 95% CI: -21.6%, -0.3%) were higher compared with the control group. The patients in the ICU group were also more prone to violent injuries, (17% vs. 7%, 95% CI: -20.2%, -1.9%), practiced less hard physical activity (65% vs. 78%, 95% CI: 2.1%, 25.3%) and had lower maximal muscle strength according to the hand grip test (30 vs. 34 kg, 95% CI: -8.2, 8.6 kg).
CONCLUSIONS
In this study examining previously un-hospitalized patients, the main factors associated with future critical illness were neurological comorbidities, malignancy, alcohol misuse, smoking, low maximum muscle strength, and less frequent physical exercise compared with those with hospitalization not requiring ICU admission.
PubMed: 38938220
DOI: 10.1111/aas.14490