-
Comparative Immunology, Microbiology... Jun 2024Hemotropic mycoplasmas are bacteria that attaches to erythrocytes surface, which some species presents zoonotic concerns. In the suborder Pinnipedia, genera Otaria and...
Post-mortem detection of hemoplasmas (hemotropic Mycoplasma spp.) in South American fur seal (Arctocephalus australis) sampled in Rio Grande do Sul State, southern Brazil.
Hemotropic mycoplasmas are bacteria that attaches to erythrocytes surface, which some species presents zoonotic concerns. In the suborder Pinnipedia, genera Otaria and Arctocephalus are prominent in Brazil. This study investigated the occurrence of hemoplasmas in Arctocephalus sp. and Otaria flavescens found dead along the coast of a Southern Brazilian State. DNA from 135 spleen samples were extracted and subjected to conventional PCR protocols, targeting the 16 S rRNA and 23 S rRNA gene. Three (2.22 %) Arctocephalus australis were positive in the 16 S rRNA gene, and no samples amplified in the 23 S rRNA gene. Samples from this study clustered with Zalophus californianus and Arctocephalus tropicalis mycoplasmas on a Bayesian phylogenetic analysis. Genetic diversity analysis suggested distinct genotypes, indicating A. australis as a new host for hemoplasma, and also a potential putative novel hemoplasma genotype. These findings raises future awareness for pinnipeds conservation, and adds Mycoplasma spp. to be taken into consideration when clinically evaluating rescued animals.
Topics: Animals; Brazil; Mycoplasma; Fur Seals; Mycoplasma Infections; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; DNA, Bacterial; Spleen; RNA, Ribosomal, 23S; Genetic Variation; Genotype; Bayes Theorem; Autopsy; Polymerase Chain Reaction
PubMed: 38703540
DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102187 -
Scientific Reports May 2024Tracheal pooling for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae) DNA detection allows for decreased diagnostic cost, one of the main constraints in surveillance...
Tracheal pooling for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae) DNA detection allows for decreased diagnostic cost, one of the main constraints in surveillance programs. The objectives of this study were to estimate the sensitivity of pooled-sample testing for the detection of M. hyopneumoniae in tracheal samples and to develop probability of M. hyopneumoniae detection estimates for tracheal samples pooled by 3, 5, and 10. A total of 48 M. hyopneumoniae PCR-positive field samples were pooled 3-, 5-, and 10-times using field M. hyopneumoniae DNA-negative samples and tested in triplicate. The sensitivity was estimated at 0.96 (95% credible interval [Cred. Int.]: 0.93, 0.98) for pools of 3, 0.95 (95% Cred. Int: 0.92, 0.98) for pools of 5, and 0.93 (95% Cred. Int.: 0.89, 0.96) for pools of 10. All pool sizes resulted in PCR-positive if the individual tracheal sample Ct value was < 33. Additionally, there was no significant decrease in the probability of detecting at least one M. hyopneumoniae-infected pig given any pool size (3, 5, or 10) of tracheal swabs. Furthermore, this manuscript applies the probability of detection estimates to various real-life diagnostic testing scenarios. Combining increased total animals sampled with pooling can be a cost-effective tool to maximize the performance of M. hyopneumoniae surveillance programs.
Topics: Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae; Animals; Trachea; Swine; Pneumonia of Swine, Mycoplasmal; Polymerase Chain Reaction; DNA, Bacterial; Sensitivity and Specificity; Specimen Handling; Probability
PubMed: 38702379
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60377-z -
Revista Clinica Espanola 2024The global increase in sexual transmitted infections (STI) makes it necessary to seek public health strategies that facilitate rapid and minimally invasive diagnosis.... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Comparative performance of vulvovaginal swab sampling versus endocervical sampling for the detection of Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Mycoplasma genitalium, and Trichomoniasis: a cross-sectional study in Spain.
INTRODUCTION
The global increase in sexual transmitted infections (STI) makes it necessary to seek public health strategies that facilitate rapid and minimally invasive diagnosis. The objective was to evaluate the concordance between vaginal and endocervical samples for STI diagnosis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out on vaginal and endocervical samples from women attended in our reference area with symptoms suggestive of vulvovaginitis or for STI screening during the study period.
RESULTS
A total of 130 paired samples were analyzed; fifty-seven and 59 samples were positive for vaginal and endocervical specimens (Kappa index of 0.969 (Standard error = 0.022). The sensitivity of the vaginal samples was 96.5% (IC95%: 87.2-99.4), with a specificity of 100% (IC95%: 93.0-100).
DISCUSSION
The introduction of STI screening in vaginal samples in our environment can facilitate rapid and effective diagnosis and allow early treatment of STI. Additionally, it facilitates sample collection and diagnosis in the community setting, essential for optimal screening.
Topics: Humans; Female; Cross-Sectional Studies; Retrospective Studies; Adult; Spain; Gonorrhea; Chlamydia Infections; Mycoplasma genitalium; Specimen Handling; Young Adult; Mycoplasma Infections; Sensitivity and Specificity; Cervix Uteri; Vaginal Smears; Vagina; Middle Aged; Trichomonas Infections; Adolescent; Sexually Transmitted Diseases
PubMed: 38701969
DOI: 10.1016/j.rceng.2024.04.015 -
The New Microbiologica May 2024Trichomonas vaginalis and Mycoplasma hominis, two microorganisms causing infections of the urogenital tract, are closely associated in that they establish an...
The presence of Trichomonas vaginalis in urogenital samples can affect the sensitivity of Mycoplasma hominis identification techniques, leading to an underestimation of bacterial infections.
Trichomonas vaginalis and Mycoplasma hominis, two microorganisms causing infections of the urogenital tract, are closely associated in that they establish an endosymbiosis relationship, the only case among human pathogens. As a result, the presence of one microorganism may be considered a sign that the other is present as well. Identification of the two pathogens in clinical samples is based on cultivation techniques on specific media, even though in recent years, new sensitive and rapid molecular techniques have become. Here, we demonstrate that the concomitant presence of T.vaginalis in urogenital swabs may lead to a delay in the identification of M.hominis, and thus to an underestimation of bacterial infections when cultural techniques are used.
Topics: Mycoplasma hominis; Trichomonas vaginalis; Humans; Mycoplasma Infections; Female; Trichomonas Vaginitis; Male; Sensitivity and Specificity; Urogenital System; Adult
PubMed: 38700890
DOI: No ID Found -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2024Diagnosing poses challenges, and it's unclear if its rare isolation is due to infrequent occurrence or its fastidious nutritional requirements.
INTRODUCTION
Diagnosing poses challenges, and it's unclear if its rare isolation is due to infrequent occurrence or its fastidious nutritional requirements.
METHODS
This study analyzes the complete genome sequence of , obtained directly from the pus of a sternum infection in a lung transplant patient using metagenomic sequencing.
RESULTS
Genome analysis revealed limited therapeutic options for the infection, primarily susceptibility to tetracyclines. Three classes of mobile genetic elements were identified: two new insertion sequences, a new prophage (phiUMCG-1), and a species-specific variant of a mycoplasma integrative and conjugative element (MICE). Additionally, a Type I Restriction-Modification system was identified, featuring 5'-terminally truncated pseudogenes with overlapping repeats, indicating the potential for forming alternative variants through recombination.
CONCLUSION
This study represents the first-ever acquisition of a complete circularized bacterial genome directly from a patient sample obtained from invasive infection of a primary sterile site using culture-independent, PCR-free clinical metagenomics.
Topics: Humans; Metagenomics; Genome, Bacterial; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Mycoplasma; Mycoplasma Infections; Whole Genome Sequencing; Lung Transplantation; Prophages; Interspersed Repetitive Sequences; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 38694516
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1368923 -
Veterinary Microbiology Jun 2024Mycoplasma gallisepticum causes chronic respiratory disease in poultry. A novel vaccine, Vaxsafe MG304 (the ts-304 strain), has greater protective efficacy in chickens...
Mycoplasma gallisepticum causes chronic respiratory disease in poultry. A novel vaccine, Vaxsafe MG304 (the ts-304 strain), has greater protective efficacy in chickens than the Vaxsafe MG (strain ts-11) vaccine when delivered by eye drop at 3 weeks of age. Applying this vaccine in the hatchery to 1-day-old birds, using mass administration methods, would improve animal welfare and reduce labour costs associated with handling individual birds. This study assessed the protection provided by vaccination with Vaxsafe MG304 after administration to 1-day-old chicks. Chicks were administered a single dose of the vaccine to assess the efficacy of either a high dose (10 colour changing units, CCU) or a low dose (10 CCU) after eye drop or spray (in water or gel) administration against experimental challenge with virulent M. gallisepticum strain Ap3AS at 7 weeks of age. The vaccine was able to colonise the palatine cleft of chicks after vaccination by eye drop (at both doses) or by spray (in water or gel) (at the high dose). The high dose of vaccine, when delivered by eye drop or spray, was shown to be safe and induced a serological response and protective immunity (as measured by tracheal mucosal thickness and air sac lesion scores) against challenge. Vaccination of 1-day-old chicks with Vaxsafe MG304 by eye drop induced protective immunity equivalent to vaccination at 3 weeks of age. Vaxsafe MG304 was also protective when applied by both coarse- and gel spray methods at the higher dose and is therefore a suitable live attenuated vaccine for use in 1-day-old chicks.
Topics: Animals; Mycoplasma gallisepticum; Chickens; Poultry Diseases; Bacterial Vaccines; Mycoplasma Infections; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; Vaccination; Antibodies, Bacterial
PubMed: 38692193
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110093 -
Analytical Methods : Advancing Methods... May 2024A concise and rapid detection method for is urgently required due to its severe impact on human health. To meet such a need, this study proposed and constructed an...
A concise and rapid detection method for is urgently required due to its severe impact on human health. To meet such a need, this study proposed and constructed an innovative point-of-care testing (POCT) platform that consists of a hydrogen ion-selective loop-mediated isothermal amplification (H-LAMP) sensor and an electrochemical detection device. The H-LAMP sensor successfully integrated the working and reference electrodes and converted the H generated during the LAMP process into an electrochemical signal. High sensitivity and stability for pathogen detection were also achieved by treating the working electrode with an electrodeposited polyaniline solid contact layer and by using an ion-selective membrane. As a result, the sensor shows a sensitivity of 68.26 mV per pH, a response time of less than 2 s, and a potential drift of less than 5 mV within one hour, which well meets the urgent need. The results also demonstrated that the detection limit for was lowered to 1 copy per μL, the nucleic acid extraction and detection process could be completed in 30 minutes, and the impact of interfering ions on the sensor was negligible. Validation with 20 clinical samples yielded satisfactory results. More importantly, the storage lifespan of such an electrochemical sensor is over seven days, which is a great advantage for on-site pathogen detection. Therefore, the hydrogen ion-selective sensor constructed in this investigation is particularly suitable as a core component for instant pathogen detection platforms.
Topics: Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Electrochemical Techniques; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; Humans; Limit of Detection; Hydrogen; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Biosensing Techniques; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; Electrodes
PubMed: 38690766
DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00341a -
Microbial Cell Factories Apr 2024Having a simple and fast dividing organism capable of producing and exposing at its surface or secreting functional complex biomolecules with disulphide bridges is of...
BACKGROUND
Having a simple and fast dividing organism capable of producing and exposing at its surface or secreting functional complex biomolecules with disulphide bridges is of great interest. The mycoplasma bacterial genus offers a set of relevant properties that make it an interesting chassis for such purposes, the main one being the absence of a cell wall. However, due to their slow growth, they have rarely been considered as a potential platform in this respect. This notion may be challenged with the recent discovery of Mycoplasma feriruminatoris, a species with a dividing time close to that of common microbial workhorses. So far, no tools for heterologous protein expression nor secretion have been described for it.
RESULTS
The work presented here develops the fast-dividing M. feriruminatoris as a tool for secreting functional biomolecules of therapeutic interest that could be used for screening functional mutants as well as potentially for protein-protein interactions. Based on RNAseq, quantitative proteomics and promoter sequence comparison we have rationally designed optimal promoter sequences. Then, using in silico analysis, we have identified putative secretion signals that we validated using a luminescent reporter. The potential of the resulting secretion cassette has been shown with set of active clinically relevant proteins (interleukins and nanobodies).
CONCLUSIONS
We have engineered Mycoplasma feriruminatoris for producing and secreting functional proteins of medical interest.
Topics: Mycoplasma; Bacterial Proteins; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Proteomics; Single-Domain Antibodies
PubMed: 38689251
DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02392-3 -
Scientific Reports Apr 2024Mycoplasma pneumoniae necrotizing pneumonia (MPNP) has a long and severe disease course, which seriously threatens to jeopardize patients' lives and health. Early...
Mycoplasma pneumoniae necrotizing pneumonia (MPNP) has a long and severe disease course, which seriously threatens to jeopardize patients' lives and health. Early prediction is essential for good recovery and prognosis. In the present study, we retrospect 128 children with MPNP and 118 children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia combined with pulmonary consolidation to explore the predictive value of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in children with MPNP by propensity score matching method, multiple logistic regression analysis, dose-response analysis and decision curve analysis. The WBC count, PLT count and percentage of neutrophils were significantly higher in necrosis group than consolidation group. The serum CRP, PCT, ESR, D-D, FIB, ALT, LDH, IgG and IgM were significantly higher in necrosis group. Compared to consolidation group, necrosis group is more severe in chest pain and dyspnea. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that duration of LDH levels, high fever, D-dimer, and fibrinogen were independent predictive factors for the incidence of MPNP. Restricted cubic spline analysis showed that a non-linear dose-response relationship between the continuous changes of LDH level and the incidence of MPNP. Decision curve analysis revealed that LDH had an important clinical value in predicting MPNP. This study provides a potential serologic indicator for early diagnosis of MPNP.
Topics: Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Female; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Child; Child, Preschool; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Pneumonia, Necrotizing; Retrospective Studies; Prognosis; Infant; Predictive Value of Tests; Biomarkers; Decision Support Techniques
PubMed: 38684810
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60359-1 -
Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) 2024Early diagnosis of Severity Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia (SMPP) has been a worldwide concern in clinical practice. Two cytokines, soluble Triggering Receptor...
Diagnostic values of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (sTREM-1) and interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) for severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children.
OBJECTIVE
Early diagnosis of Severity Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia (SMPP) has been a worldwide concern in clinical practice. Two cytokines, soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells (sTREM-1) and Interferon-Inducible Protein-10 (IP-10), were proved to be implicated in bacterial infection diseases. However, the diagnostic value of sTREM-1 and IP-10 in MPP was poorly known. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of sTREM-1 and IP-10 for SMPP.
METHODS
In this prospective study, the authors enrolled 44 children with MPP, along with their clinical information. Blood samples were collected, and cytokine levels of sTREM-1 and IP-10 were detected with ELISA assay.
RESULTS
Serum levels of sTREM-1 and IP-10 were positively correlated with the severity of MPP. In addition, sTREM-1 and IP-10 have significant potential in the diagnosis of SMPP with an Area Under Curve (AUC) of 0.8564 (p-value = 0.0001, 95% CI 0.7461 to 0.9668) and 0.8086 (p-value = 0.0002, 95% CI 0.6918 to 0.9254) respectively. Notably, the combined diagnostic value of sTREM-1 and IP-10 is up to 0.911 in children with SMPP (p-value < 0.001, 95% CI 0.830 to 0.993).
CONCLUSIONS
Serum cytokine levels of sTREM-1 and IP-10 have a great potential diagnostic value in children with SMPP.
Topics: Humans; Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1; Female; Male; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Child; Prospective Studies; Child, Preschool; Chemokine CXCL10; Receptors, Immunologic; Biomarkers; Severity of Illness Index; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Membrane Glycoproteins; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Infant; Sensitivity and Specificity; ROC Curve; Adolescent
PubMed: 38678873
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100361