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The Journal of Obstetrics and... Jul 2024
PubMed: 38953396
DOI: 10.1111/jog.16012 -
Environmental Toxicology Jul 2024VPS9D1-AS1 functions as an oncogene in many cancers. However, its role and potential mechanism in the progression of endometrial cancer (EC) are not fully understood....
VPS9D1-AS1 functions as an oncogene in many cancers. However, its role and potential mechanism in the progression of endometrial cancer (EC) are not fully understood. VPS9D1-AS1 levels in EC and adjacent normal tissues were investigated using the TCGA-UCEC cohort and 24 paired clinical samples. The roles of VPS9D1-AS1 and miR-187-3p in cell cycle, proliferation, and apoptosis were evaluated by loss- and gain-of-function experiments. In addition, the effect of VPS9D1-AS1 on tumor growth was further investigated in vivo. Rescue experiments were performed to investigate the involvement of the miR-187-3p/S100A4 axis in VPS9D1-AS1 knockdown-mediated antitumor effects. VPS9D1-AS1 was highly expressed in EC tissues. VPS9D1-AS1 knockdown, similar to miR-187-3p overexpression, significantly inhibited cell proliferation, inhibited colony formation, induced cell cycle arrest, and facilitated apoptosis of KLE cells. MiR-187-3p bound directly to VPS9D1-AS1 and the 3'UTR of S100A4. Furthermore, VPS9D1-AS1 negatively regulated miR-187-3p while positively regulating S100A4 expression in EC cells. MiR-187-3p knockdown or S100A4 overexpression partially reversed the tumor suppressive function of VPS9D1-AS1 knockdown. The results suggest that VPS9D1-AS1 affects EC progression by regulating the miR-187-3p/S100A4 axis. This may provide a promising therapeutic target to help treat EC.
PubMed: 38953363
DOI: 10.1002/tox.24351 -
The Journal of Obstetrics and... Jul 2024This study aimed to evaluate the long-term results of Japan Maternal Emergency Life-Saving (J-MELS) simulation training on obstetric healthcare providers, over a...
Educational results of the Japan Maternal Emergency Life-Saving (J-MELS) simulation training organized by Japan Council for the Implementation of the Maternal Emergency Life-Saving System (J-CIMELS): a 12-month longitudinal follow-up study in Japan.
AIMS
This study aimed to evaluate the long-term results of Japan Maternal Emergency Life-Saving (J-MELS) simulation training on obstetric healthcare providers, over a 12-month follow-up period.
METHODS
A total of 273 trainees from 17 J-MELS Basic courses conducted between August 2021 and October 2023 were included. The trainees' responses to the pre- and post-tests, questionnaires, and self-reports on the usefulness of the J-MELS scenarios in actual clinical settings at 1, 6, and 12 months after the training were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was also conducted to identify the factors influencing knowledge retention.
RESULTS
We found an overall improvement in clinical knowledge acquisition after J-MELS training and a significant retention of this improvement at least until 12 months later. However, these scores gradually declined over. Trainees reported increased usefulness of J-MELS scenarios in actual clinical practice at 1, 6, and 12 months after training, particularly in managing obstetric emergencies such as atonic postpartum hemorrhage. Knowledge retention was influenced by several specific factors, such as years of clinical experience, affiliated institutions, qualifications, and especially pre-test scores.
CONCLUSION
Our longitudinal follow-up study demonstrated, for the first time, the long-term results of J-MELS simulation training using post-tests and self-report data. Our findings provide valuable insight into the impact of J-MELS simulation training on maternal emergency care. By elucidating the factors influencing knowledge retention and practical utility, the findings offer actionable recommendations for optimizing training strategies and improving maternal outcomes in actual clinical practice.
PubMed: 38953341
DOI: 10.1111/jog.16011 -
Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao.... Jun 2024Objective To evaluate the value of SOX1 and PAX1 gene methylation detection in the secondary triage of high-grade cervical lesions.Methods Exfoliated cervical cells were...
Objective To evaluate the value of SOX1 and PAX1 gene methylation detection in the secondary triage of high-grade cervical lesions.Methods Exfoliated cervical cells were collected from 122 patients tested positive for human papilloma virus (HPV) and subjected to thin-prep cytologic test (TCT) and SOX1/PAX1 gene methylation tests.Results The HPV test combined with TCT showed the sensitivity of 95.24% and the specificity of 23.75% for detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2 and above (CIN2+).After the addition of the SOX1/PAX1 gene methylation detection in secondary triage,the sensitivity for detecting CIN2+ was 83.33%,which had no statistically significant difference from the sensitivity of TCT combined with HPV test (=0.078).However,the specificity reached 77.50%,which was significantly higher than that of HPV test combined with TCT (<0.001).The SOX1/PAX1 gene methylation level in the CIN2+ group was higher than those in the normal cervical tissue and the CIN1 group(<0.001).The cut-off values of SOX1 and PAX1 gene methylation for CIN2+ detection were -11.81 and -11.98,respectively.Conclusion Adding the detection of SOX1/PAX1 gene methylation in secondary triage significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of CIN2+ detection.
Topics: Humans; Female; Paired Box Transcription Factors; DNA Methylation; Uterine Cervical Dysplasia; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; SOXB1 Transcription Factors; Adult; Middle Aged; Sensitivity and Specificity; Young Adult
PubMed: 38953256
DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.15734 -
The Journal of Obstetrics and... Jul 2024A 35-year-old woman (gravida 1, para 0) was admitted to our hospital at 28 weeks' gestation with vaginal bleeding from placenta previa. Severe fetal bradycardia was...
A 35-year-old woman (gravida 1, para 0) was admitted to our hospital at 28 weeks' gestation with vaginal bleeding from placenta previa. Severe fetal bradycardia was observed during fetal heart rate monitoring. Ultrasonography showed widely dilated veins on the fetal surface of the placenta and an extraordinarily low umbilical artery peak systolic velocity in the Doppler study. Umbilical cord torsion was suspected. On the subsequent day, we performed a cesarean section due to worsening fetal heart rate patterns. Umbilical artery blood gas analysis indicated severe acidemia (pH 7.063), and umbilical cord torsion was confirmed at the placental cord insertion site. Diagnosing UCT prenatally is challenging; however, it can be suspected by scanning for the widely dilated veins on the fetal placental surface, termed as the "Sunset Sign," an abnormally low umbilical artery peak systolic velocity, and other fetal Doppler abnormalities.
PubMed: 38953213
DOI: 10.1111/jog.16013 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2024The effect of oxycodone as an opioid receptor agonist on immune function is still controversial. In this study, we investigated the possible effects of oxycodone on...
BACKGROUND
The effect of oxycodone as an opioid receptor agonist on immune function is still controversial. In this study, we investigated the possible effects of oxycodone on immune function in mice and its possible mechanisms of action.
METHODS
By repeated intraperitoneal injections of 25 mg/kg morphine and 5 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, and 60 mg/kg oxycodone, we assessed possible changes in the number of splenic lymphocytes and inflammatory cytokines in the serum of mice. CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells were sorted from the spleen to observe whether the expression levels of opioid receptors and downstream signals were altered.
RESULTS
Repeated administration of oxycodone at a dose above 20 mg/kg resulted in significant weight loss. Repeated administration of oxycodone exhibits significant dose-dependent reduction in CD4 T cells, with little effect on CD8 T cells and little effect on inflammatory cytokine levels. Low- and intermediate-dose oxycodone increased the mRNA expression level of MOR, KOR, and DOR to varying degrees. Moreover, oxycodone increases the mRNA expression levels of the TLR4 signaling pathway to varying degrees.
CONCLUSION
Repeated intraperitoneal injection of oxycodone induces immunosuppression in mice.
PubMed: 38953110
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1370663 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2024Group B streptococcal (GBS) is a Gram-positive bacterium that is commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract and urogenital tract. GBS infestation during pregnancy is a... (Review)
Review
Group B streptococcal (GBS) is a Gram-positive bacterium that is commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract and urogenital tract. GBS infestation during pregnancy is a significant contributor to maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality globally. This article aims to discuss the infectious diseases caused by GBS in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, as well as the challenges associated with the detection, treatment, and prevention of GBS.
PubMed: 38953105
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1395673 -
Cureus May 2024Breast cancer awareness is a concept suggesting that awareness of signs and symptoms and early seeking of medical advice may decrease mortality, especially in limited...
BACKGROUND
Breast cancer awareness is a concept suggesting that awareness of signs and symptoms and early seeking of medical advice may decrease mortality, especially in limited resource settings.
METHODS
A modified questionnaire based on the breast cancer awareness measure (BCAM) by Cancer Research UK was translated into Greek and used for the first time. Participants were women residing in a rural border area in Greece. For statistical analysis the χ goodness-of-fit and Cramer's V test for categorical comparisons were used and Cronbach's alpha for reliability analysis.
RESULTS
In total, 110 women filled out and returned the questionnaire. Respondents appeared to be inappropriately informed regarding the less common warning signs of breast cancer, the most common age of breast cancer occurrence, the national screening program, and the less important risk factors of breast cancer. On the other hand, most women appeared to be confident in recognizing breast changes and seeking medical advice if needed.
CONCLUSIONS
The translated modified BCAM tool can be used to evaluate breast cancer awareness in Greek women. Future campaigns developed by policymakers should focus on improving breast cancer awareness, especially in socioeconomically deprived areas.
PubMed: 38953086
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61396 -
Cureus May 2024Background Infertility remains a significant challenge affecting millions of couples worldwide, with ovulation abnormalities being a common underlying cause....
A Comparative Analysis of Follicular Diameter Assessment Versus Doppler Ultrasound in Predicting Ovulation Timing for the Infertility Treatment: Insights From a Prospective Study.
Background Infertility remains a significant challenge affecting millions of couples worldwide, with ovulation abnormalities being a common underlying cause. Pharmacological methods, such as clomiphene citrate, are often used to stimulate ovulation. However, the optimal timing for sexual intercourse during ovulation induction remains contentious. Objectives This study aimed to compare the efficacy of transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS) for measuring follicle size with Doppler ultrasound for assessing changes in blood flow to predict the timing of ovulation. Methods We conducted a comparative analysis involving 64 women undergoing infertility therapy. Participants were evaluated using both TVS to measure follicle diameter and Doppler ultrasound to assess perifollicular blood flow dynamics. The primary outcomes measured included ovulation rates, resistive index (RI) values, peak systolic velocity (PSV) values, and conception rates. Results The analysis showed comparable age distributions between the TVS and Doppler groups. There was no significant correlation between follicle diameter and ovulation when assessed by TVS. However, Doppler ultrasound revealed a substantial association between perifollicular blood flow dynamics and ovulation. Higher ovulation rates were linked to lower RI values and higher PSV values, indicating their potential as predictors of ovulation. Additionally, higher conception rates were positively correlated with increased vascularity in Zone 4 of the endometrium. Conclusion Doppler ultrasonography indices, particularly RI and PSV values, provide critical insights into perifollicular blood flow dynamics and endometrial vascularity, which can enhance the effectiveness of fertility treatments. While these findings highlight the potential of Doppler ultrasound in predicting ovulation and improving treatment outcomes, further research is required to understand the underlying mechanisms and validate these results for personalised treatment strategies.
PubMed: 38953072
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61466 -
Cureus May 2024Acute appendicitis is the most common non-obstetric reason for exploratory laparotomy during pregnancy. This case report involves a primigravida patient who presented to...
Early Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis in the Second Trimester of Pregnancy Based on Non-typical Clinical Findings: Report of a Rare Case and a Mini-Review of the Literature.
Acute appendicitis is the most common non-obstetric reason for exploratory laparotomy during pregnancy. This case report involves a primigravida patient who presented to the emergency department of the General Hospital of Trikala at 15 weeks of gestation due to diffuse abdominal pain, primarily in the epigastric region. She also reported watery bowel movements. The ongoing atypical clinical symptoms, along with elevated inflammatory markers, strongly indicated a diagnosis of acute appendicitis. An immediate exploratory laparotomy was performed, during which acute localized inflammation of the appendix was found, leading to an appendectomy. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. The patient reported pain relief immediately after the surgery. On the fourth postoperative day, she was discharged without any signs of a threatened second-trimester miscarriage. At 39 gestational weeks, she delivered by elective cesarean section due to breech presentation. This paper discusses the case and highlights the significant challenges in the early diagnosis and management of acute appendicitis during pregnancy, emphasizing the importance of preventing potentially life-threatening complications for both the mother and the fetus.
PubMed: 38953065
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61463