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Biotechnology Reports (Amsterdam,... Mar 2019A total of 226 sugarcane rhizosphere-associated bacterial strains from the six different cultivars were screened against three pathogenic strains of (cfNAV, cfCHA, and...
A total of 226 sugarcane rhizosphere-associated bacterial strains from the six different cultivars were screened against three pathogenic strains of (cfNAV, cfCHA, and cf8436) for the suppression of red rot disease. On the basis of mycelial growth inhibition in dual culture assay, 26 bacteria were selected for further characterization of morphology, biochemical activity, plant-growth-promoting (PGP) activity, antifungal potential and molecular identity by 16S rRNA gene sequence. On the basis of the 16S rRNA gene sequencing, it was found that the isolates belonged to proteobacteria (13), Firmicutes (10), and Bacteroides (3). The antagonistic bacteria tested for PGP traits revealed that 10 strains were able to solubilize tricalcium phosphate, 11 strains were able to produce siderophore, and 14 strains were able to grow in the N-free medium. The quantitative estimation of indole-3-acetic acid production was ranged from 21.58 to 66.31 μg/mL. On the basis of PGP and biocontrol traits, five strains (TRD14), sp. (PK9), sp. (RSC29 and KR91) and sp. (VRE34) were further chosen for pot trial under greenhouse conditions on highly susceptible variety . The results showed that the pathogen-inoculated sugarcane plants were able to germinate but died within one month. However, the inoculated with selected biocontrol strains found protected from disease and an increase in plant growth parameters on par with carbendazim fungicides. This study proves that the isolates identified in this study could be used as an alternative to chemical fungicides to control red rot pathogen of sugarcane plants.
PubMed: 30847287
DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00317 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials May 2018Bispyribac sodium (BS), is a selective, systemic and post emergent herbicide used to eradicate grasses and broad leaf weeds. Extensive use of this herbicide has...
Bispyribac sodium (BS), is a selective, systemic and post emergent herbicide used to eradicate grasses and broad leaf weeds. Extensive use of this herbicide has engendered serious environmental concerns. Hence it is important to develop strategies for bioremediation of BS in a cost effective and environment friendly way. In this study a bacterial consortium named BDAM, comprising three novel isolates Achromobacter xylosoxidans (BD1), Achromobacter pulmonis (BA2), and Ochrobactrum intermedium (BM2), was developed by virtue of its potential for degradation of BS. Different culture conditions (temperature, pH and inoculum size) were optimized for degradation of BS by the consortium BDAM and the mutual interactions of these parameters were analysed using a 2 full factorial central composite design (CCD) based on Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimal values for temperature, pH and inoculum size were found to be 40 °C, 8 and 0.4 g/L respectively to achieve maximum degradation of BS (85.6%). Moreover, the interactive effects of these parameters were investigated using three dimensional surface plots in terms of maximum fitness function. Importantly, it was concluded that the newly developed consortium is a potential candidate for biodegradation of BS in a safe, cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner.
Topics: Achromobacter; Benzoates; Biodegradation, Environmental; Herbicides; Microbial Consortia; Ochrobactrum; Pyrimidines; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Soil Pollutants
PubMed: 29438823
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.12.065 -
Lipids in Health and Disease Sep 2017Alkaline thermostable lipase and biosurfactant producing bacteria are very interested at detergent applications, not only because of their eco-friendly characterize, but...
BACKGROUND
Alkaline thermostable lipase and biosurfactant producing bacteria are very interested at detergent applications, not only because of their eco-friendly characterize, but alsoproduction lipase and biosurfactant by using cheap materials. Ochrobactrum intermedium strain MZV101 was isolated as washing powder resistant, alkaline thermostable lipase and biosurfactant producing bacterium in order to use at detergent applications.
METHODS
O. intermedium strain MZV101 produces was lipase and biosurfactant in the same media with pH 10 and temperature of 60 °C. Washing test and some detergent compatibility character of lipase enzyme and biosurfactant were assayed. The antimicrobial activity evaluated against various bacteria and fungi.
RESULTS
Lipase and biosurfactant produced by O. intermedium strain MZV101 exhibited high stability at pH 10-13 and temperature of 70-90 °C, biosurfactant exhibits good stability at pH 9-13 and thermostability in all range. Both lipase and biosurfactant were found to be stable in the presence of different metal ions, detergents and organic solvents. The lipase enzyme extracted using isopropanol with yield of 69.2% and biosurfactant with ethanol emulsification index value of 70.99% and yield of 9.32 (g/l). The single band protein after through from G-50 Sephadex column on SDS-PAGE was calculated to be 99.42 kDa. Biosurfactant O. intermedium strain MZV101 exhibited good antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria and against various bacterial pathogens. Based upon washing test biosurfactant and lipase O. intermedium strain MZV101considered being strong oil removal.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study indicate that isolated lipase and biosurfactant with strong oil removal, antimicrobial activity and good stability could be useful for detergent applications.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Bacterial Proteins; Detergents; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lipase; Ochrobactrum; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Solvents; Surface-Active Agents; Temperature
PubMed: 28923075
DOI: 10.1186/s12944-017-0565-8 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2017The Plackett-Burman design and the Box-Behnken design, statistical methodologies, were employed for the optimization lipase and biosurfactant production by strain...
The Plackett-Burman design and the Box-Behnken design, statistical methodologies, were employed for the optimization lipase and biosurfactant production by strain MZV101 in an identical broth medium for detergent applications. Environmental factor pH determined to be most mutual significant variables on production. A high concentration of molasses at high temperature and pH has a negative effect on lipase and biosurfactant production by strain MZV101. The chosen mathematical method of medium optimization was sufficient for improving the industrial production of lipase and biosurfactant by bacteria, which were respectively increased 3.46- and 1.89-fold. The duration of maximum production became 24 h shorter, so it was fast and cost-saving. In conclusion, lipase and biosurfactant production by strain MZV101 in an identical culture medium at pH 10.5-11 and 50-60 °C, with 1 g/L of molasses, seemed to be economical, fast, and effective for the enhancement of yield percentage for use in detergent applications.
Topics: Culture Media; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Fermentation; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Industrial Microbiology; Lipase; Molasses; Ochrobactrum; Surface-Active Agents; Temperature
PubMed: 28891975
DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091460 -
New Biotechnology Jul 2018Piracetam (2-oxo-1-pyrrolidine acetamide) is a popular cognitive enhancer, which has recently been detected in waste and drinking water. Nootropic drugs are designed to...
Piracetam (2-oxo-1-pyrrolidine acetamide) is a popular cognitive enhancer, which has recently been detected in waste and drinking water. Nootropic drugs are designed to affect human metabolism and act on the nervous system, but their environmental effects have yet to be the subject of detailed studies. In this report, we present the efficient biodegradation of the cognitive enhancer, piracetam. Two bacterial strains capable of using this compound as the sole carbon source were isolated and later identified as Ochrobactrum anthropi strain MW6 and Ochrobactrum intermedium strain MW7. The compound's mineralization and the cleavage of the heterocyclic ring were shown in the experiments with C-labeled piracetam. This is also the first report of a pharmaceutical's degradation by the Ochrobactrum genus. This study presents model microorganisms that can be used in further investigation of piracetam's degradation pathways as well as enzymes and genes involved in the process.
Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Nootropic Agents; Ochrobactrum; Piracetam
PubMed: 28720419
DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2017.07.006 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2017and are closely related bacteria that populate different habitats and differ in their pathogenic properties. Only little is known about mobile genetic elements in...
and are closely related bacteria that populate different habitats and differ in their pathogenic properties. Only little is known about mobile genetic elements in these genera which might be important for survival and virulence. Previous studies on lysogeny indicated that active phages are rare in this genus. To gain insight into the presence and nature of prophages in , temperate phages were isolated from various species and characterized in detail. analyses disclosed numerous prophages in published genomes. Induction experiments showed that prophages can be induced by various stress factors and that some strains released phage particles even under non-induced conditions. Sixty percent of lysates prepared from 125 strains revealed lytic activity. The host range and DNA similarities of 19 phages belonging to the families , or were determined suggesting that they are highly diverse. Some phages showed relationship to the temperate phage BiPB01. The genomic sequences of the myovirus POA1180 (41,655 bp) and podovirus POI1126 (60,065 bp) were analyzed. Phage POA1180 is very similar to a prophage recently identified in a strain isolated from an exotic frog. The POA1180 genome contains genes which may confer resistance to chromate and the ability to take up sulfate. Phage POI1126 is related to podoviruses of (PCB5), (Pep14), and (BcepIL02) and almost identical to an unnamed plasmid of the strain LMG 3301. Further experiments revealed that the POI1126 prophage indeed replicates as an extrachromosomal element. The data demonstrate for the first time that active prophages are common in and suggest that atypical brucellae also may be a reservoir for temperate phages.
PubMed: 28713341
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01207 -
Pest Management Science May 2018Glyphosate is a herbicide that acts by inhibition of the enzyme, 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), involved in the catalysis of an essential step in...
BACKGROUND
Glyphosate is a herbicide that acts by inhibition of the enzyme, 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), involved in the catalysis of an essential step in the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids. The objective of this study was the isolation of glyphosate-resistant bacterial strains and subsequent characterization of the gene(s) encoding glyphosate resistance in these isolates. Using an enrichment culture technique, a glyphosate-resistant bacterium, Ochrobactrum intermedium Sq20 was isolated from glyphosate-contaminated indigenous soil and characterized.
RESULTS
An open reading frame (ORF) comprising of 1353 bp potentially encoding aroA was amplified from O. intermedium Sq20. It showed 97% homology with aroA genes from other Ochrobactrum spp. Physicochemical characterization revealed that aroA encodes a polypeptide of 450 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 48.9782 kDa and an isoelectric point of 5.21. Secondary structure prediction of AroA demonstrated a high percentage of random coils and α helices. Methodical optimization and validation of the protein structure helped to build a reliable protein model indicating the presence of 91.8% amino acid residues in most favoured regions. In addition, strain Sq20 was found to be capable of complete degradation of glyphosate at 500 mg L initial concentration as the sole carbon and energy source within 4 days.
CONCLUSION
A glyphosate-resistant bacterial strain O. intermedium Sq20 was discovered. Sequence analysis and structure modelling demonstrated that AroA closely resembles class II EPSPS and possesses high glyphosate resistance. This provides a good foundation for functional analysis of experimentally derived crystal structures. The cloning and characterization of AroA will further help in understanding its role at the molecular level and its potential use in the production of glyphosate-resistant transgenic crops. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
Topics: 3-Phosphoshikimate 1-Carboxyvinyltransferase; Amino Acid Sequence; Bacterial Proteins; Glycine; Herbicide Resistance; Herbicides; Ochrobactrum; Phylogeny; Sequence Alignment; Glyphosate
PubMed: 28544077
DOI: 10.1002/ps.4624 -
Journal of Environmental Science and... Jul 2017This study employed the use of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis to identify three of four native bacterial strains isolated from crude oil-contaminated site in Poza Rica,...
This study employed the use of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis to identify three of four native bacterial strains isolated from crude oil-contaminated site in Poza Rica, Veracruz, Mexico. The identified bacteria were Ochrobactrum intermedium, Pandoraea pnomenusa and Ochrobactrum sp., but SA2-09 strain was not identified. The ability of the isolates to degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was evaluated at 31.61 and 54.52 mg/kg PAHs in soil, when used as crude oil in soil microcosm during 80 days of incubation at 30°C. The results demonstrated that O. intermedium biodegraded many PAHs, including the high molecular weight (HMW) PAHs fluoranthene (100% equivalent 0.24 mg/kg), benzo [b] fluoranthene (81.8% equal 0.18 mg/kg), Benzo[a]pyrene (87.0%, 0.20 mg/kg) and Benzo[g,h,i]perylene (52.7%, 0.39 mg/kg). P. pnomenusa had a degradation profile of HMW PAHs, which was similar to O. intermedium, while Ochrobactrum sp. and the strain SA-09 exhibited lower degradation rates of HMW.
Topics: Biodegradation, Environmental; Burkholderia; Mexico; Ochrobactrum; Petroleum; Phylogeny; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Soil Pollutants
PubMed: 28463567
DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2017.1316170 -
Genome Announcements Mar 2017strain SA148 is a plant growth-promoting bacterium isolated from sandy soil in the Jizan area of Saudi Arabia. Here, we report the 4.9-Mb draft genome sequence of this...
strain SA148 is a plant growth-promoting bacterium isolated from sandy soil in the Jizan area of Saudi Arabia. Here, we report the 4.9-Mb draft genome sequence of this strain, highlighting different pathways characteristic of plant growth promotion activity and environmental adaptation of SA148.
PubMed: 28254977
DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.01707-16 -
The Science of the Total Environment Apr 2017The presence of bacteria and heavy metals in atmospheric deposition were investigated in Kandy, Sri Lanka, which is a typical city in the developing world with...
The presence of bacteria and heavy metals in atmospheric deposition were investigated in Kandy, Sri Lanka, which is a typical city in the developing world with significant traffic congestion. Atmospheric deposition samples were analyzed for Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb which are heavy metals common to urban environments. Al and Fe were found in high concentrations due to the presence of natural sources, but may also be re-suspended by vehicular traffic. Relatively high concentrations of toxic metals such as Cr and Pb in dissolved form were also found. High Zn loads can be attributed to vehicular emissions and the wide use of Zn coated roofing materials. The metal loads in wet deposition showed higher concentrations compared to dry deposition. The metal concentrations among the different sampling sites significantly differ from each other depending on the traffic conditions. Industrial activities are not significant in Kandy City. Consequently, the traffic exerts high influence on heavy metal loadings. As part of the bacterial investigations, nine species of culturable bacteria, namely; Sphingomonas sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas monteilii, Klebsiella pneumonia, Ochrobactrum intermedium, Leclercia adecarboxylata, Exiguobacterium sp., Bacillus pumilus and Kocuria kristinae, which are opportunistic pathogens, were identified. This is the first time Pseudomonas monteilii and Ochrobactrum intermedium has been reported from a country in Asia. The culturable fraction constituted ~0.01 to 10%. Pigmented bacteria and endospore forming bacteria were copious in the atmospheric depositions due to their capability to withstand harsh environmental conditions. The presence of pathogenic bacteria and heavy metals creates potential human and ecosystem health risk.
Topics: Air Microbiology; Air Pollutants; Bacteria; Cities; Developing Countries; Environmental Monitoring; Humans; Metals, Heavy; Sri Lanka
PubMed: 28185730
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.121