-
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2015A 50-year-old woman with end-stage renal disease on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis was admitted with abdominal pain, fever and cloudy peritoneal fluid. The... (Review)
Review
A 50-year-old woman with end-stage renal disease on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis was admitted with abdominal pain, fever and cloudy peritoneal fluid. The diagnosis was peritonitis, and the causative bacteria were Cellulosimicrobium cellulans and Enterobacter cloacae. She was subsequently treated with the administration of intraperitoneal antibiotics and removal of the infected indwelling catheter. We herein report a case of Cellulosimicrobium cellulans and Enterobacter cloacae co-infection in a patient with peritonitis and review the relevant literature.
Topics: Actinomycetales; Actinomycetales Infections; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ascitic Fluid; Catheters, Indwelling; Coinfection; Enterobacter cloacae; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Middle Aged; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; Peritonitis; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 25786454
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.54.3261 -
Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins Mar 2015Most known antibiotics from bacteria are produced by Actinobacteria. However, little is known about the community structure and diversity of fecal actinobacteria from...
Most known antibiotics from bacteria are produced by Actinobacteria. However, little is known about the community structure and diversity of fecal actinobacteria from rabbit feces. To investigate the actinobacterial community structure in rabbit feces, different actinobacterial-specific primer sets were used to amplify the overlap regions of 16S rRNA genes from the same DNA. At the genus level, 12 actinobacterial genera were detected by the L and S libraries. Arthrobacter, Brachybacterium, Dietzia, Leucobacter, Microbacterium, Promicromonospora and Rhodococcus were detected by L and S libraries. The Nocardioides, Streptomyces and Williamsia were only detected by L library; the Oerskovia and Brevibacterium were only detected by S library. The results indicated that rabbit feces contain diverse nonpathogenic actinobacterial taxa and PCR primer sets could underestimate the actinobacterial diversity besides the DNA extract efficiency.
Topics: Actinobacteria; Animals; DNA, Bacterial; Feces; Gene Library; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Rabbits; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Species Specificity
PubMed: 25424303
DOI: 10.1007/s12602-014-9179-x -
Journal of Applied Microbiology Jan 2015To isolate actinomycete spp with the ability to desulphurize sulphur-containing heterocyclic compounds present in petroleum.
AIM
To isolate actinomycete spp with the ability to desulphurize sulphur-containing heterocyclic compounds present in petroleum.
METHODS AND RESULTS
Enrichment cultures were set up to select and isolate sulphur heterocycle metabolizing soil micro-organisms. Screening of the microbial isolates for the desulphurization property led to isolation of R3. The isolate was characterized by PCR screening of 16S rRNA genes and classical taxonomic investigations. HPLC analysis of the desulphurization assays with R3 showed ~85% transformation of dibenzothiophene (270 μmol l(-1)), present as the sole sulphur source in basal salt medium, in 4 days. Production of the desulphurized dibenzothiophene metabolite, 2-hydroxybiphenyl, was confirmed by GC/MS analyses. GC/MS analyses also established the ability of R3 to transform benzothiophene to benzothiophene-1-oxide and benzothiophene-1, 1-dioxide, and thianthrene to thianthrene-5-oxide. PCR primers computed based on the desulphurization operon (dszABC) of Rhodococcus erythropolis IGTS8 yielded the predicted amplification products with R3 genomic DNA as template. Southern hybridization and restriction endonuclease digestion profiles indicated that R3 amplicons were homologous to dsz AB.
CONCLUSIONS
The enrichment method used in this study yielded an environmental isolate with the ability to transform multiple sulphur heterocycles. The isolate R3 has taxonomic proximity to the Oerskovia sp, order Actinomycetales. The isolate R3 selectively removes sulphur from dibenzothiophene yielding 2-hydroxybiphenyl and sulphate. R3 also transforms benzothiophene and thianthrene in a sulphur-targeted manner. The desulphurization genes in R3 bear similarity to those in R. erythropolis IGTS8.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
The actinomycetes present in soil can remove sulphur from different sulphur heterocycle substrates and have potential as biodesulphurization catalysts.
Topics: Actinobacteria; Actinomycetales; Biotransformation; Heterocyclic Compounds; Petroleum; Rhodococcus; Soil Microbiology; Soil Pollutants; Thiophenes
PubMed: 25319398
DOI: 10.1111/jam.12665