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British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Aug 2022Sézary syndrome is a systemic variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma characterized by erythroderma, lymphadenopathy and circulating atypical lymphocytes (Sézary cells)....
Sézary syndrome is a systemic variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma characterized by erythroderma, lymphadenopathy and circulating atypical lymphocytes (Sézary cells). It may present with nonspecific lesions on multiple digits. We describe an atypical case of brentuximab-induced splinter nail haemorrhages in a patient with Sézary syndrome, associated with a poor prognosis during follow-up. Concomitantly with the appearance of nail lesions, significant lymphocytosis was detected as well as infiltration of bone marrow and nail matrices. The lesions followed a precise sequence, which can be traced back to the monthly application of brentuximab and its direct cytotoxic effect on CD30+ T lymphocytes in the nail matrix. Brentuximab-induced nail lesions might be associated with decreased efficacy of brentuximab in this patient with advanced cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antineoplastic Agents; Hemorrhage; Humans; Ki-1 Antigen; Sezary Syndrome; Skin; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 35088431
DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15247 -
The Journal of Dermatology Feb 2022Kawasaki disease (KD) is vasculitis of unknown etiology in infants and young children. The diagnostic criteria for KD include major and minor symptoms, but various nail... (Review)
Review
Kawasaki disease (KD) is vasculitis of unknown etiology in infants and young children. The diagnostic criteria for KD include major and minor symptoms, but various nail lesions are not described in detail. The aim of this study was to identify symptoms that are relatively found in nail of KD as diagnostic markers. After literature review, various nail lesions are classified as Beau's lines, leukonychia, onychomadesis, orange-brown chromonychia, and pincer nail deformity. The orange-brown chromonychia is the most common nail lesion in KD. In this study, the authors found three cases of KD with orange-brown chromonychia; two of these cases included rare dotted or splinter hemorrhages in the nail bed that were found on dermoscopic examination. The authors propose that these nail lesions, including hemorrhage of the nail bed, could be included as a helpful diagnosis of KD.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome; Nail Diseases; Nails
PubMed: 34918369
DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16276 -
Cureus Jul 2021Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal bacteria . It can cross the blood-brain barrier within days of the infection, causing neurosyphilis...
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal bacteria . It can cross the blood-brain barrier within days of the infection, causing neurosyphilis and ocular syphilis at any stage of the disease. Ocular syphilis can manifest in any part of the eye but usually as posterior uveitis and pan-uveitis or various types of inflammatory or immune-mediated optic neuritis. Misdiagnosing ocular syphilis as a non-infectious disease has been reported even when seen by ophthalmologists due to the wide variety of possible presentations. In this case report, we describe a case of ocular syphilis that presented with a non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NA-AION), which to our knowledge, has not been described before in the literature.
PubMed: 34466324
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.16694 -
Genes Aug 2021In dogs, symmetrical lupoid onychodystrophy (SLO) results in nail loss and an abnormal regrowth of the claws. In Bearded Collies, an autoimmune nature has been suggested...
Whole Genome Sequencing Reveals Multiple Linked Genetic Variants on Canine Chromosome 12 Associated with Risk for Symmetrical Lupoid Onychodystrophy (SLO) in the Bearded Collie.
In dogs, symmetrical lupoid onychodystrophy (SLO) results in nail loss and an abnormal regrowth of the claws. In Bearded Collies, an autoimmune nature has been suggested because certain dog leukocyte antigen (DLA) class II haplotypes are associated with the condition. A genome-wide association study of the Bearded Collie revealed two regions of association that conferred risk for disease: one on canine chromosome (CFA) 12 that encompasses the DLA genes, and one on CFA17. Case-control association was employed on whole genome sequencing data to uncover putative causative variants in SLO within the CFA12 and CFA17 associated regions. Genotype imputation was then employed to refine variants of interest. Although no SLO-associated protein-coding variants were identified on CFA17, multiple variants, many with predicted damaging effects, were identified within potential candidate genes on CFA12. Furthermore, many potentially damaging alleles were fully correlated with the presence of DLA class II risk haplotypes for SLO, suggesting that the variants may reflect DLA class II haplotype association with disease or vice versa. Strong linkage disequilibrium in the region precluded the ability to isolate and assess the individual or combined effect of variants on disease development. Nonetheless, all were predictive of risk for SLO and, with judicious assessment, their application in selective breeding may prove useful to reduce the incidence of SLO in the breed.
Topics: Alleles; Animals; Chromosomes; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genome-Wide Association Study; Genotype; HLA Antigens; Haplotypes; Linkage Disequilibrium; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Whole Genome Sequencing
PubMed: 34440439
DOI: 10.3390/genes12081265 -
Visual Journal of Emergency Medicine Jul 2021
PubMed: 34307903
DOI: 10.1016/j.visj.2021.101087 -
JAAD Case Reports Aug 2021
PubMed: 34235239
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2021.05.027 -
Clinical and Experimental Dermatology Dec 2021Cutaneous findings are well known in atopic dermatitis (AD), but nail changes have not received as much attention.
BACKGROUND
Cutaneous findings are well known in atopic dermatitis (AD), but nail changes have not received as much attention.
AIM
To determine the clinical and disease-related capillaroscopic findings of nail findings in paediatric patients with AD.
METHODS
In total, 100 participants aged 2-16 years were sourced from the dermatology outpatient clinic: 50 of these had been diagnosed with AD according to the Hanifin-Rajka criteria, and the others were 50 healthy controls (HCs) without AD. The AD severity score (SCORing Atopic Dermatitis; SCORAD) was calculated for all patients with AD. A digital epiluminescence device was used for nailfold capillaroscopy.
RESULTS
The nail findings detected in patients with AD were pitting, punctate leuconychia, trachyonychia, onycholysis and onychomadesis. Pitting was significantly (P < 0.01) more frequent in the patient group (26%) than in the HC group (6%). Similarly, the patient group had significantly higher rates for capillary density decrease (P < 0.01), capillary array irregularity (P < 0.001), capillary dilatation increase (P < 0.001), tortuosity (P = 0.04), ramification increase (P = 0.02), bush-like appearance (P = 0.02) and avascular areas (P < 0.01). Significant correlations were determined between pitting and trachyonychia (P < 0.05, r = 0.21), capillary density decrease (P < 0.05, r = 0.25), avascular areas (P < 0.001; r = 0.29) and SCORAD (P < 0.05, r = 0.35).
CONCLUSION
The nailfold capillaroscopic images of children with AD were similar to those of scleroderma spectrum disorder. Thus, we believe it would be beneficial to support detailed clinical examination of patients with a capillaroscopic examination.
Topics: Adolescent; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatitis, Atopic; Female; Humans; Male; Microcirculation; Microscopic Angioscopy; Nails; Vasodilation
PubMed: 34089190
DOI: 10.1111/ced.14783 -
Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical... Jan 2021Kawasaki disease is a vasculitis of medium-sized vessels and the most common cause of acquired heart defects in the United States. Although its etiology is unclear, an...
Kawasaki disease is a vasculitis of medium-sized vessels and the most common cause of acquired heart defects in the United States. Although its etiology is unclear, an infectious trigger has been theorized, which has been highlighted by the recent pandemic. We present a case of a 17-month-old-girl with concurrent Kawasaki disease and non-SARS-CoV2 coronavirus infection and a sequela of onychomadesis.
PubMed: 33953481
DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2020.1866930 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology 2021
PubMed: 33911309
DOI: 10.4103/ijd.IJD_325_19 -
Dermatologic Clinics Apr 2021Many pediatric nail findings are normal variants and are no cause for alarm. Others represent congenital abnormalities or genetic syndromes for which there is no cure.... (Review)
Review
Many pediatric nail findings are normal variants and are no cause for alarm. Others represent congenital abnormalities or genetic syndromes for which there is no cure. Still others are inflammatory or infectious entities that require treatment. Pediatric nail disorders are reviewed, along with management.
Topics: Child; Humans; Nail Diseases
PubMed: 33745636
DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2020.12.005