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Small (Weinheim An Der Bergstrasse,... Jul 2024Asymmetric electronic environments based on microscopic-scale perspective have injected infinite vitality in understanding the intrinsic mechanism of polarization loss...
Asymmetric electronic environments based on microscopic-scale perspective have injected infinite vitality in understanding the intrinsic mechanism of polarization loss for electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption, but still exists a significant challenge. Herein, Zn single-atoms (SAs), structural defects, and Co nanoclusters are simultaneously implanted into bimetallic metal-organic framework derivatives via the two-step dual coordination-pyrolysis process. Theoretical simulations and experimental results reveal that the electronic coupling interactions between Zn SAs and structural defects delocalize the symmetric electronic environments and generate additional dipole polarization without sacrificing conduction loss owing to the compensation of carbon nanotubes. Moreover, Co nanoclusters with large nanocurvatures induce a strong interfacial electric field, activate the superiority of heterointerfaces and promote interfacial polarization. Benefiting from the aforementioned merits, the resultant derivatives deliver an optimal reflection loss of -58.9 dB and the effective absorption bandwidth is 5.2 GHz. These findings provide an innovative insight into clarifying the microscopic loss mechanism from the asymmetric electron environments viewpoint and inspire the generalized electronic modulation engineering in optimizing EM wave absorption.
PubMed: 38953301
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403903 -
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Dec 2024Despite a lack of clinical data demonstrating the effectiveness of alcohol swab cleansing prior to vaccinations as a prophylactic measure to prevent skin infections, it...
Despite a lack of clinical data demonstrating the effectiveness of alcohol swab cleansing prior to vaccinations as a prophylactic measure to prevent skin infections, it is recommended for vaccine administration by the Canadian Immunization Guide. The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk of adverse events after omitting alcohol skin cleansing in long-term care (LTC) residents receiving vaccinations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Two medium-sized LTC homes participated in a cohort study, whereby one LTC used alcohol swab cleansing prior to resident vaccinations and the other did not. All residents received two doses of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine separated by an average (SD) 29.3 (8.5) days. The electronic chart records of participants were reviewed by researchers blinded to group allocation to assess for the presence of adverse events following immunization (AEFI), including reactogenicity, cellulitis, abscess, or systemic reactions. Log-binomial regression was used to compute risk ratios (with 95% confidence intervals) of an AEFI according to alcohol swab status. 189 residents were included, with a total of 56 AEFI between the two doses. The risk of reactogenicity (adjusted RR 0.54, 95% CI 0.17-1.73) or systemic reactions (adjusted RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.26-2.13) did not differ for the residents that received alcohol skin antisepsis compared to those that did not. There were no cases of cellulitis or abscess. This study did not demonstrate an elevated risk of AEFI in LTC residents receiving two doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID vaccine without alcohol skin antisepsis.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; COVID-19; Aged; Cohort Studies; BNT162 Vaccine; Vaccination; COVID-19 Vaccines; Aged, 80 and over; Long-Term Care; SARS-CoV-2; Canada; Ethanol
PubMed: 38953297
DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2368681 -
Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao.... Jun 2024With the continuous development of identification technologies such as mass spectrometry,omics,and antibody technology,post-translational modification (PTM) has... (Review)
Review
With the continuous development of identification technologies such as mass spectrometry,omics,and antibody technology,post-translational modification (PTM) has demonstrated increasing potential in medical research.PTM as a novel chemical modification method provides new perspectives for the research on diseases.Succinylation as a novel modification has aroused the interest of more and more researchers.The available studies about succinylation mainly focus on a desuccinylase named sirtuin 5.This enzyme plays a key role in modification and has been preliminarily explored in cardiovascular studies.This paper summarizes the influencing factors and regulatory roles of succinylation and the links between succinylation and other PTMs and reviews the research progress of PTMs in the cardiovascular field,aiming to deepen the understanding about the role of this modification and give new insights to the research in this field.
Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Lysine; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Succinic Acid
PubMed: 38953268
DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.15944 -
Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao.... Jun 2024Primary liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system,of which hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for more than 90% of the total... (Review)
Review
Primary liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system,of which hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for more than 90% of the total cases.The patients with early HCC treated by surgical resection generally demonstrate good prognosis.However,due to the insidious onset,HCC in the vast majority of patients has progressed to the mid-to-late stage when being diagnosed.As a result,surgical treatment has unsatisfactory effects,and non-surgical treatment methods generally have severe side effects and low tumor selectivity.Nanoparticles (NP) with small sizes,large specific surface areas,and unique physical and chemical properties have become potential carriers for the delivery of therapeutic agents such as drugs,genes,and cytokines.The nano-delivery systems with NP as the carrier can regulate the metabolism and transformation of drugs,genes,and cytokines from time,space,and dose via functional modification,showing great potential in the treatment of HCC.This paper introduces the current status and advantages of several common nano-delivery systems,including organic nano-carriers,inorganic nano-carriers,and exosomes,in the treatment of HCC.Furthermore,this paper summarizes the mechanisms of NP-based nano-carriers in treating HCC and provides reference for the development of new nano-delivery systems.
Topics: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Drug Delivery Systems; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Drug Carriers
PubMed: 38953262
DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.15669 -
Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in... Jul 2024Noble gas xenon (Xe) is an excellent anesthetic gas, but its rarity, high cost and constrained production prohibits wide use in medicine. Here, we have developed a...
Noble gas xenon (Xe) is an excellent anesthetic gas, but its rarity, high cost and constrained production prohibits wide use in medicine. Here, we have developed a closed-circuit anesthetic Xe recovery and reusage process with highly effective CO2-specific adsorbent CUPMOF-5 that is promising to solve the anesthetic Xe supply problem. CUPMOF-5 possesses spacious cage cavities interconnected in four directions by confinement throat apertures of ~3.4 Å, which makes it an ideal molecular sieving of CO2 from Xe, O2, N2 with the benchmark selectivity and high uptake capacity of CO2. In-situ single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) and computational simulation solidly revealed the vital sieving role of the confined throat and the sorbent-sorbate induced-fit strengthening binding interaction to CO2. CUPMOF-5 can remove 5% CO2 even from actual moist exhaled anesthetic gases, and achieves the highest Xe recovery rate (99.8%) so far, as verified by breakthrough experiments. This endows CUPMOF-5 great potential for the on-line CO2 removal and Xe recovery from anesthetic closed-circuits.
PubMed: 38953248
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202407840 -
Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in... Jul 2024Photocatalytic synthesis of H2O2 is an advantageous and ecologically sustainable alternative to the conventional anthraquinone process. However, achieving high...
Photocatalytic synthesis of H2O2 is an advantageous and ecologically sustainable alternative to the conventional anthraquinone process. However, achieving high conversion efficiency without sacrificial agents remains a challenge. In this study, two covalent organic frameworks (COF-O and COF-C) were prepared with identical skeletal structures but with their pore walls anchored to different alkyl chains. They were used to investigate the effect of the chemical microenvironment of pores on photocatalytic H2O2 production. Experimental results reveal a change of hydrophilicity in COF-O, leading to suppressed charge recombination, diminished charge transfer resistance, and accelerated interfacial electron transfer. An apparent quantum yield as high as 10.3% (λ = 420 nm) can be achieved with H2O and O2 through oxygen reduction reaction. This is among the highest ever reported for polymer photocatalysts. This study may provide a novel avenue for optimizing photocatalytic activity and selectivity in H2O2 generation.
PubMed: 38953224
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202410179 -
Environmental Science. Processes &... Jul 2024The Chemical Assessment of Surfaces and Air (CASA) study aimed to understand how chemicals transform in the indoor environment using perturbations (, cooking, cleaning)...
The Chemical Assessment of Surfaces and Air (CASA) study aimed to understand how chemicals transform in the indoor environment using perturbations (, cooking, cleaning) or additions of indoor and outdoor pollutants in a well-controlled test house. Chemical additions ranged from individual compounds (, gaseous ammonia or ozone) to more complex mixtures (, a wildfire smoke proxy and a commercial pesticide). Physical perturbations included varying temperature, ventilation rates, and relative humidity. The objectives for CASA included understanding (i) how outdoor air pollution impacts indoor air chemistry, (ii) how wildfire smoke transports and transforms indoors, (iii) how gases and particles interact with building surfaces, and (iv) how indoor environmental conditions impact indoor chemistry. Further, the combined measurements under unperturbed and experimental conditions enable investigation of mitigation strategies following outdoor and indoor air pollution events. A comprehensive suite of instruments measured different chemical components in the gas, particle, and surface phases throughout the study. We provide an overview of the test house, instrumentation, experimental design, and initial observations - including the role of humidity in controlling the air concentrations of many semi-volatile organic compounds, the potential for ozone to generate indoor nitrogen pentoxide (NO), the differences in microbial composition between the test house and other occupied buildings, and the complexity of deposited particles and gases on different indoor surfaces.
PubMed: 38953218
DOI: 10.1039/d4em00209a -
Chemical Communications (Cambridge,... Jul 2024An assembly between 1,4-dicarboxylbenzene-2,3-dithiol (Hdcbdt) and different transition metal ions successfully produced 2D metal-organic frameworks (M-dcbdt, M = Ni, Co...
An assembly between 1,4-dicarboxylbenzene-2,3-dithiol (Hdcbdt) and different transition metal ions successfully produced 2D metal-organic frameworks (M-dcbdt, M = Ni, Co or Fe) composed of unprecedented butterfly-shaped metal-bis(dithiolene) (MS) linkers in one-pot fashion. Such strategy provides easier access to the [MS]-rich network and lowers the prerequisite to explore their applications.
PubMed: 38953148
DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02282c -
Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in... Jul 2024Fluorescent molecular systems are important for various applications such as sensing of analytes, probes for biologically relevant processes and as optoelectronic...
Fluorescent molecular systems are important for various applications such as sensing of analytes, probes for biologically relevant processes and as optoelectronic materials. Achieving high fluorescence quantum yield across the spectrum of solvent polarity and in solid-state is challenging in molecular materials. Herein, we present a strategy to achieve strongly fluorescent molecular materials based on weak intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) in a family of unsymmetrical donor-thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazoles-acceptor systems (both neutral and cationic). Detailed photophysical studies reveal that the delicate balance between the donor and acceptor result in high solution-state fluorescence quantum yield (> 80%) in both polar protic and apolar solvents. Quantum chemical computations uncover a hitherto unappreciated insight that the extent of ICT is aptly represented by the change in Mulliken charges between the ground and excited-state for different fragments rather than the classical approach of monitoring the change in dipole moment for the entire molecule. This insight rationalizes the observed photophysical properties and can have implications in the design of tuneable donor-π-acceptor systems.
PubMed: 38953140
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202409725 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Jul 2024
Topics: Intraocular Pressure; Humans; Eplerenone; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Spironolactone; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
PubMed: 38953137
DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_3151_23