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Nutrients Apr 2024Understanding how maternal micronutrient intake and dietary habits impact gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is crucial. Data from 797 pregnant women were prospectively...
Understanding how maternal micronutrient intake and dietary habits impact gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is crucial. Data from 797 pregnant women were prospectively analyzed to assess GDM status with the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Nutritional intake was evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) across two periods: Period A, covering 6 months before pregnancy, and Period B, from pregnancy onset to mid-gestation (24 weeks). Micronutrient intakes were compared against the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) dietary reference values (DRVs) and were used to estimate the mean adequacy ratio (MAR) to assess dietary adequacy. GDM was diagnosed in 14.7% ( = 117) of women with the characteristics of a higher mean maternal age (MA) and pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI). Out of the 13 vitamins assessed, biotin, folate, niacin, and pantothenic acid were found significantly higher in the GDM group, as did iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, and zinc from the 10 minerals. The results were influenced by the timing of the assessment. Importantly, MAR was higher during pregnancy and was found to increase the risk of GDM by 1% (95%CI: 1, 1.02). A sensitivity analysis revealed that reducing MAR significantly raised the GDM risk by 68% (95%CI: 1.02, 2.79). No association was revealed between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and GDM risk. These findings highlight areas for further investigation into whether dietary modifications involving these specific micronutrients could effectively influence GDM outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Female; Pregnancy; Diabetes, Gestational; Greece; Micronutrients; Prospective Studies; Adult; Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Risk Factors; Glucose Tolerance Test; Nutritional Status; Body Mass Index; Feeding Behavior
PubMed: 38732620
DOI: 10.3390/nu16091375 -
Biochemical and Biophysical Research... Jul 2024TANGO2 deficiency disease (TDD) is a multisystem disease caused by variants in the TANGO2 gene. Symptoms include neurodevelopmental delays, seizures and potentially...
TANGO2 deficiency disease (TDD) is a multisystem disease caused by variants in the TANGO2 gene. Symptoms include neurodevelopmental delays, seizures and potentially lethal metabolic crises and cardiac arrhythmias. While the function of TANGO2 remains elusive, vitamin B5/pantothenic acid supplementation has been shown to alleviate symptoms in a fruit fly model and has also been used with success to treat individuals suffering from TDD. Since vitamin B5 is the precursor to the lipid activator coenzyme A (CoA), we hypothesized that TANGO2-deficient cells would display changes in the lipid profile compared to control and that these changes would be rescued by vitamin B5 supplementation. In addition, the specific changes seen might point to a pathway in which TANGO2 functions. Indeed, we found profound changes in the lipid profile of human TANGO2-deficient cells as well as an increased pool of free fatty acids in both human cells devoid of TANGO2 and Drosophila harboring a previously described TANGO2 loss of function allele. All these changes were reversed upon vitamin B5 supplementation. Pathway analysis showed significant increases in triglyceride as well as in lysophospholipid levels as the top enriched pathways in the absence of TANGO2. Consistent with a defect in triglyceride metabolism, we found changes in lipid droplet numbers and sizes in the absence of TANGO2 compared to control. Our data will allow for comparison between other model systems of TDD and the homing in on critical lipid imbalances that lead to the disease state.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Cell Line; Drosophila; Drosophila melanogaster; Lipid Metabolism; Lipidomics; Lipids; Triglycerides
PubMed: 38718569
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150047 -
Anais Da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 2024Plants used in traditional medicine offer an affordable new alternative in tissue repair therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the 5% Rhizophora...
Plants used in traditional medicine offer an affordable new alternative in tissue repair therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the 5% Rhizophora mangle cream compared to the 5% dexpanthenol cream in healing open surgical wounds on the upper eyelid. A total of 18 patients were submitted to the experiment and divided into 2 groups with 9 patients each who used topically and daily 5% dexpanthenol cream (control group) or 5% R.mangle cream (intervention group) for 7 days. Clinical, morphometric and histomorphometric analyses of wounds and surgical procedures for skin removal were performed. In the morphometric analysis, all wounds treated with R.mangle and dexpanthenol creams showed complete macroscopic scars, without inflammatory signs and infection free. The skin hydration values in pre and post application periods of the cream were 43.82 ± 43.93 and 62.12 ± 67.40 respectively. The histomorphometric study showed lower values of epithelium distance in R. mangle group and higher in dexpanthenol group with significant difference between groups (p < 0.05). The R.mangle 5% cream proved to be effective in healing wounds of human upper eyelid skin with a significant improvement in epithelization compared to dexpanthenol 5% cream.
Topics: Humans; Wound Healing; Rhizophoraceae; Brazil; Eyelids; Pantothenic Acid
PubMed: 38597495
DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420231143 -
Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease Apr 2024Coenzyme A (CoA) is an essential cofactor required for over a hundred metabolic reactions in the human body. This cofactor is synthesized de novo in our cells from...
Impaired coenzyme A homeostasis in cardiac dysfunction and benefits of boosting coenzyme A production with vitamin B5 and its derivatives in the management of heart failure.
Coenzyme A (CoA) is an essential cofactor required for over a hundred metabolic reactions in the human body. This cofactor is synthesized de novo in our cells from vitamin B5, also known as pantothenic acid, a water-soluble vitamin abundantly present in vegetables and animal-based foods. Neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and infectious diseases have been linked to defects in de novo CoA biosynthesis or reduced levels of this coenzyme. There is now accumulating evidence that CoA limitation is a critical pathomechanism in cardiac dysfunction too. In the current review, we will summarize our current knowledge on CoA and heart failure, with emphasis on two primary cardiomyopathies, phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase and phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase deficiency disorders biochemically characterized by a decreased level of CoA in patients' samples. Hence, we will discuss the potential benefits of CoA restoration in these diseases and, more generally, in heart failure, by vitamin B5 and its derivatives pantethine and 4'-phosphopantetheine.
PubMed: 38591231
DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12737 -
Animal Biotechnology Nov 2024This study explored the effects of different vitamin B5 (VB5) levels on intestinal growth and function of weaned piglets. Twenty-one piglets (7.20 ± 1.11 kg) were...
This study explored the effects of different vitamin B5 (VB5) levels on intestinal growth and function of weaned piglets. Twenty-one piglets (7.20 ± 1.11 kg) were included in a 28-day feeding trial with three treatments, including 0 mg/kg (L-VB5), 10 mg/kg (Control) and 50 mg/kg (H-VB5) of VB5 supplement. The results showed that: Large intestine weight/body weight was the highest in H-VB5 group, Control and H-VB5 groups had significantly higher villus height and villus height/crypt depth than the L-VB5 in the ileum ( < .05). Goblet cells (ileal crypt) and endocrine cells (ileal villus) significantly increased in Control and H-VB5 ( < .05). The H-VB5 group exhibited significantly higher levels of ki67 and crypt depth in the cecum and colon, colonic goblet cells and endocrine cells were both rising considerably ( < .05). Isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid were significantly reduced in the H-VB5 group ( < .05), and there was a decreasing trend in butyric acid ( = .073). At the genus level, the relative abundance of harmful bacteria such as , and decreased significantly and the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria increased significantly in H-VB5 group ( < .05). Overall, the addition of 50 mg/kg VB5 primarily enhanced the morphological structure, cell proliferation and differentiation of the ileum, cecum and colon. It also had a significant impact on the gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids.
Topics: Animals; Butyric Acid; Cecum; Cell Differentiation; Dietary Supplements; Pantothenic Acid; Swine
PubMed: 38587818
DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2024.2335340 -
Scientific Reports Apr 2024This study investigates the effects of a 12-week brisk walking exercise regimen on motor function improvements in elderly women. Twenty-six elderly women, aged...
This study investigates the effects of a 12-week brisk walking exercise regimen on motor function improvements in elderly women. Twenty-six elderly women, aged 84.2 ± 3.2 years, participated in a 12-week brisk walking exercise program. Fitness assessments and blood biomarker analyses (including CHO, HDLC, LDLC, TC) were conducted pre- and post-intervention. Additionally, targeted metabolomics was employed to measure short-chain fatty acids, amino acids, and vitamin metabolites. The intervention led to significant enhancements in participants' flexibility (p < 0.05), lower limb muscle strength (p < 0.01), and cardiorespiratory endurance (p < 0.01), while muscle mass showed no significant changes. Fifteen significant differential metabolites were identified (VIP > 1.0, FC > 1.2 or < 0.8, and p < 0.05), with arginine, ornithine, aspartic acid, glutamine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and pantothenic acid playing key roles across seven metabolic pathways. A 12-week brisk walking exercise program significantly enhanced flexibility, lower limb muscle strength, and cardiorespiratory endurance among elderly women. These improvements did not extend to muscle mass or upper limb muscle strength. The observed enhancement in exercise capacity may be attributed to improved regulation of neurotransmitters.
Topics: Female; Humans; China; Exercise; Lower Extremity; Muscle Strength; Physical Fitness; Walking; Aged, 80 and over
PubMed: 38575643
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55925-6 -
The Journal of Dermatological Treatment Dec 2024In dry skin (DS), skin-barrier function is easily disturbed and moisturizing factors in the stratum corneum are reduced. Despite being a common condition, DS is often... (Review)
Review
In dry skin (DS), skin-barrier function is easily disturbed and moisturizing factors in the stratum corneum are reduced. Despite being a common condition, DS is often overlooked in patients with advanced age or comorbid diseases. In September 2022, specialists in dermatology and skin care met to discuss unmet needs and management of patients with DS with existing medical conditions or DS induced by ongoing pharmacological treatments. There was consensus about the need to improve the current understanding and management of DS in patients with comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, radiodermatitis, and photodamaged skin. Clinical guidance related to optimal treatment of DS in patients with advanced age or comorbid diseases is needed. Dexpanthenol-containing emollients have been shown to provide rapid relief from the symptoms and clinical signs of skin inflammation and are well-tolerated and effective in terms of moisturizing and soothing DS and maintaining skin-barrier function. Thus, dexpanthenol-containing emollients may play an important role in future management of DS. Further research is needed to elucidate the efficacy of dexpanthenol across the spectrum of DS, irrespective of comorbidity status or age.
Topics: Humans; Emollients; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Ichthyosis; Pharmaceutical Vehicles; Comorbidity; Pantothenic Acid
PubMed: 38565198
DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2024.2326171 -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2024Bladder cancer (BCa) research relying on Omics approaches has increased over the last few decades, improving the understanding of BCa pathology and contributing to a... (Review)
Review
Bladder cancer (BCa) research relying on Omics approaches has increased over the last few decades, improving the understanding of BCa pathology and contributing to a better molecular classification of BCa subtypes. To gain further insight into the molecular profile underlying the development of BCa, a systematic literature search was performed in PubMed until November 2023, following the PRISMA guidelines. This search enabled the identification of 25 experimental studies using mass spectrometry or nuclear magnetic resonance-based approaches to characterize the metabolite signature associated with BCa. A total of 1562 metabolites were identified to be altered by BCa in different types of samples. Urine samples displayed a higher likelihood of containing metabolites that are also present in bladder tumor tissue and cell line cultures. The data from these comparisons suggest that increased concentrations of L-isoleucine, L-carnitine, oleamide, palmitamide, arachidonic acid and glycoursodeoxycholic acid and decreased content of deoxycytidine, 5-aminolevulinic acid and pantothenic acid should be considered components of a BCa metabolome signature. Overall, molecular profiling of biological samples by metabolomics is a promising approach to identifying potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of different BCa subtypes. However, future studies are needed to understand its biological significance in the context of BCa and to validate its clinical application.
Topics: Humans; Biomarkers, Tumor; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Urinary Bladder; Metabolomics; Metabolome
PubMed: 38542319
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25063347 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2024Pericarpium, especially the pericarp of Blanco cv. Chachiensis (PCRC), is an important edible and medicinal ingredient for health and pharmacological properties....
Metabolomic Profiling Reveals the Quality Variations in Pericarpium ( Blanco cv. Chachiensis) with Different Storage Ages in Response to " Liberibacter Asiaticus" Infection.
Pericarpium, especially the pericarp of Blanco cv. Chachiensis (PCRC), is an important edible and medicinal ingredient for health and pharmacological properties. Citrus Huanglongbing, a devastating disease that currently threatens the citrus industry worldwide, is caused by a phloem-limited alpha-proteobacterium, " Liberibacter asiaticus" (CLas). The industry of cultivar Chachiensis has been suffering from HLB. Although HLB affected the quality of citrus fruit, whether the quality of PCRC was affected by HLB remains unclear. In this study, we compared the metabolite profiles between HLB-affected and healthy PCRC from three sources: fresh, 6-month-old, and 9-year-old PCRC, through the untargeted LC-MS method. Compared to healthy controls, various types of bioactive compounds, mainly flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, coumarins, polysaccharides, and phenolic acids, accumulated in HLB-affected PCRC, especially in the HLB-affected 9-year PCRC. In particular, isorhamnetin, isoliquiritigenin, luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside, limonin, geniposide, pyrimidodiazepine, scoparone, chitobiose, m-coumaric acid, malonate, and pantothenic acid, which contributed to the pharmacological activity and health care effects of PCRC, were highly accumulated in HLB-affected 9-year-old PCRC compared to the healthy control. Multibioassay analyses revealed that HLB-affected 9-year-old PCRC had a higher content of total flavonoids and total polyphenols and exhibited similar antioxidant capacity as compared to healthy controls. The results of this study provided detailed information on the quality of HLB-affected PCRC.
PubMed: 38540817
DOI: 10.3390/foods13060827 -
3 Biotech Apr 2024D-Pantothenic acid, as a momentous vitamin, is extensively applied to feed, medicine, cosmetics and other fields. However, there are still limitations to produce...
D-Pantothenic acid, as a momentous vitamin, is extensively applied to feed, medicine, cosmetics and other fields. However, there are still limitations to produce D-pantothenic acid by microbial fermentation at present. In this paper, we constructed a recombinant strain for D-pantothenic acid production by blocking the organic acid pathway, boosting pyruvate biosynthesis, relieving feedback inhibition of acetolactate synthase, improving glucose intake capacity, and modifying essential genes in the metabolic pathway. In addition, a new acetolactate isomeroreductase mutant V412A origin from (AHAIR) encoded by was obtained to explore its substrate promiscuity. Compared with the wild type, the variant AHAIR-V412A has reduced steric hindrance and enhanced intermolecular forces, resulting in a high affinity for 2-acetolactate. Eventually, the fermentation production of the final strain DPAN19/trc- reached 4.65 g/L, increased by 192.5% compared with strain DPA8 in shake flask cultivation and produced 62.82 g/L D-pantothenic acid in a 5 L bioreactor. The metabolic engineering strategies and enzyme modification approaches described in this paper provide a particular perspective for the bio-manufacturing of D-pantothenic acid, branched-chain amino acids and its derivates.
PubMed: 38524241
DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03931-w